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While researching the thermoelectric effect of the nanocontact, we find that the thermoelectric voltage between both ends of the "Γ"-shaped Ni wire changes significantly by applying an external magnetic field, which we attribute to the influence of magnetic anisotropy of Ni wire. The effect of the external magnetic field always produces an extra force whose direction goes against the temperature gradient. And the extra force clearly corresponds to the magnetic field and temperature difference between both ends of the Ni wire. These results suggest that during studying spin-dependent devices, the testing methods and the configuration of magnetic material need to be noticed seriously in order to avoid interfusing additional electromagnetic signals which may bring about a miscarriage of justice to the experimental results.
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Keywords:
- thermoelectric effect /
- magnetic anisotropy /
- Ni wire
[1] Zutic I, Fabian J, Sarma S D 2004 Rev. Mod. Phys. 76 323
[2] Uchida K, Takahashi S, Harii1 K, Ieda J, Oshibae W, Andol K, Maekawa S, Saitoh E 2008 Nature 455 778
[3] Uchida K, Xiao J, Adachi H, Ohe J, Takahashi S, Ieda J, Ota T, Kajiware Y, Umezawa H, Kawai H, Bauer G E W, Maekawa S, Saitoh E 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 894
[4] Slachter A, Bakker F L, Adam J P, van Wees B J 2010 Nat. Phys. 6 879
[5] Uchida K, Adachi H, Ota T, Nakayama H, Maekawa S, Saitoh E 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 172505
[6] Bakker F L, Slachter A, Adam J P, van Wees B J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 136601
[7] Slachter A, Bakker F L, van Wees B J 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 020412
[8] Adachi H, Uchida K, Saitoh E, Ohe J, Takahashi S, Maekawa S 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 252506
[9] Huang S Y, Wang W G, Lee S F, Kwo J, Chien C L 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 216604
[10] Callen H B 1948 Phys. Rev. 73 1349
[11] Burkov A T, Vedernikov M V 1995 Handbook of Thermoelectronics (Boca Raton FL: CRC) p390
[12] Makinson R E B 1938 Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 34 474
[13] Mott N F 1936 Proc. R. Soc. A 156 368
[14] Mott N F, Jones H 1936 The Theory of the Properties of Metals and Alloys (Oxford: Clarendon)
[15] Jonson M, Mahan G D 1980 Phys. Rev. B 21 4223
[16] Wegrowe J E, Anh Nguyen Q, Al-Barki M, Dayen J F, Wade T L, Drouhin H J 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 134422
[17] Sondheimer E H, Wilson A H 1947 Proc. R. Soc. A 190 435
[18] Chikazumi S 1997 Physics of Ferromagnetism (Oxford: Clarendon) p590
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[1] Zutic I, Fabian J, Sarma S D 2004 Rev. Mod. Phys. 76 323
[2] Uchida K, Takahashi S, Harii1 K, Ieda J, Oshibae W, Andol K, Maekawa S, Saitoh E 2008 Nature 455 778
[3] Uchida K, Xiao J, Adachi H, Ohe J, Takahashi S, Ieda J, Ota T, Kajiware Y, Umezawa H, Kawai H, Bauer G E W, Maekawa S, Saitoh E 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 894
[4] Slachter A, Bakker F L, Adam J P, van Wees B J 2010 Nat. Phys. 6 879
[5] Uchida K, Adachi H, Ota T, Nakayama H, Maekawa S, Saitoh E 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 172505
[6] Bakker F L, Slachter A, Adam J P, van Wees B J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 136601
[7] Slachter A, Bakker F L, van Wees B J 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 020412
[8] Adachi H, Uchida K, Saitoh E, Ohe J, Takahashi S, Maekawa S 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 252506
[9] Huang S Y, Wang W G, Lee S F, Kwo J, Chien C L 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 216604
[10] Callen H B 1948 Phys. Rev. 73 1349
[11] Burkov A T, Vedernikov M V 1995 Handbook of Thermoelectronics (Boca Raton FL: CRC) p390
[12] Makinson R E B 1938 Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 34 474
[13] Mott N F 1936 Proc. R. Soc. A 156 368
[14] Mott N F, Jones H 1936 The Theory of the Properties of Metals and Alloys (Oxford: Clarendon)
[15] Jonson M, Mahan G D 1980 Phys. Rev. B 21 4223
[16] Wegrowe J E, Anh Nguyen Q, Al-Barki M, Dayen J F, Wade T L, Drouhin H J 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 134422
[17] Sondheimer E H, Wilson A H 1947 Proc. R. Soc. A 190 435
[18] Chikazumi S 1997 Physics of Ferromagnetism (Oxford: Clarendon) p590
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