等离子体中电磁波传输特性理论与实验研究

郑灵; 赵青; 罗先刚; 马平; 刘述章; 黄成; 邢晓俊; 张春艳; 陈旭霖

doi:10.7498/aps.61.155203

摘要

本文对35 GHz和96 GHz电磁波在等离子体中的传输特性进行了理论与实验研究, 得到了电磁波衰减随等离子体密度、碰撞频率和电磁波频率的变化规律. 等离子体密度增加一个数量级时, 电磁波衰减增加一个数量级; 随着等离子体碰撞频率的增加, 电磁波衰减先增加后减小; 随着电磁波频率的增加, 衰减下降. 以激波管为实验平台进行了电磁波在等离子体中传输特性的实验研究, 实验结果和理论结果吻合较好. 理论和实验结果均表明, 提高电磁波频率是解决黑障问题的有效途径.

关键词:

等离子体 /
电磁波传输

Abstract

The aircrafts, such as space shuttle, spaceship and so on, are facing the well-known blackout problem when they reentry into the atmosphere. The plasma sheath leads electromagnetic waves to attenuation, and the communications between the aircrafts and the ground to losing, and even completely interrupte, thereby resulting in the loss of radar targets and threatening the lives of the astronauts. Therefore, it is important to study the properties of the electromagnetic wave transmission in plasma. The characteristics of electromagnetic wave transmission in plasma are studied theoretically and experimentally in this paper. The variations of the electromagnetic wave attenuation with plasma density, collision frequency and electromagnetic wave frequency are obtained. The electromagnetic wave attenuation increasean an order of magnitude with plasma density increasing an order of magnitude. The electromagnetic wave attenuation first increases and then decreases with plasma collision frequency increasing, the electromagnetic wave attenuation decreases with the increase of electromagnetic wave frequency. The electromagnetic wave transmission properties in plasma are studied experimentally with shock tube, and the experimental results accord well with the theoretical results. The results show that increasing the electromagnetic wave frequency is an effective way to solve the reentry blackout problem.

Keywords:

plasma /
electromagnetic waves transmission

作者及机构信息

1.
电子科技大学物理电子学院, 成都 610054;

2.
中国科学院光电技术研究所, 微细加工光学技术国家重点实验室, 成都 610209

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划) (批准号: 2011CB301805), 国际合作项目(批准号: OS20122R0151), 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(批准号: 2011AA7022016)和微细加工光学技术国家重点实验室基金(批准号: M160104012011E11)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Physical Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China;

2.
State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies for Microfabrication, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB301805), the International Cooperation Projects (Grant No. OS2012R0151), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2011AA7022016), and the Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies for Microfabrication (Grant No. M160104012011E11).

参考文献

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[4]	Kim M, Keidar M, Boyd I D 2008 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 36 1198
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[8]	Thoma C, Rose D V, Miller C L, Clark R E, Hughes T P 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 106 043301
[9]	Zeng X J, Yu Z F, Bu S Q, Liu S, Ma P, Shi A H, Liang S C 2010 Acta Aerodyn. Sin. 28 645
[10]	Kuo S P, Faith J 1997 Phys. Rev. E 56 2143
[11]	Yang H W, Chen R S, Zhang Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 3464 (in Chinese) [杨宏伟, 陈如山, 张云 2006 53 3464]
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[13]	Hu Q L, Liu S B, Li W 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 1050
[14]	Liu M H, Hu X W, Jiang Z H, Liu K F, Gu C L, Pan Y 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 1317 (in Chinese) [刘明海, 胡希伟, 江中和, 刘克富, 辜承林, 潘垣 2002 51 1317]
[15]	Tang D L, Sun A P, Qiu X M 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 1724 (in Chinese) [唐德礼, 孙爱萍, 邱孝明 2002 51 1724]
[16]	Tang D L, Sun A P, Qiu X M, Chu P K 2003 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 31 405
[17]	Zhao Q, Liu S Z, Tong H H 2009 Plasma Technology and Its Applications (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p40 (in Chinese) [赵青, 刘述章, 童洪辉 2009 等离子体技术及应用(北京: 国防工业出版社)第40页]
[18]	Yang H W, Chen R S 2007 Opt. Quantum Electron. 39 1245
[19]	Jamison S P, Shen J L, Jones D R, Issac R C, Ersfeld B, Clark D, Jaroszynski D A 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 4334
[20]	Kolner B H, Buckles R A, Conklin P M, Scott R P 2008 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14 505
[21]	Angus J R, Krasheninnikov S I, Smolyakov A I 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 102115
[22]	Weston V H 1967 Phys. Fluids 10 632
[23]	Cheng G X, Liu L 2010 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 38 3109

施引文献

[1]	Mitchell F H 1967 Proc. IEEE 55 619
[2]	Rybak J P, Churchill R J 1971 IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Syst. AES-7 879
[3]	Liu J F, Xi X L, Liu Y 2008 8th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory Kunming, China, November 2-5, 2008 p442
[4]	Kim M, Keidar M, Boyd I D 2008 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 36 1198
[5]	Liu J F, Xi X L, Wan G B, Wang L L 2011 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 39 852
[6]	Lan C H, Jiang Z H, Chen Z Q, Liu M H, Hu X W 2008 8th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory Kunming, China, November 2-5, 2008 p913
[7]	Keidar M, Kim M, Boyd I D 2008 J. Spacecraft Rockets 45 445
[8]	Thoma C, Rose D V, Miller C L, Clark R E, Hughes T P 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 106 043301
[9]	Zeng X J, Yu Z F, Bu S Q, Liu S, Ma P, Shi A H, Liang S C 2010 Acta Aerodyn. Sin. 28 645
[10]	Kuo S P, Faith J 1997 Phys. Rev. E 56 2143
[11]	Yang H W, Chen R S, Zhang Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 3464 (in Chinese) [杨宏伟, 陈如山, 张云 2006 53 3464]
[12]	Liu S B, Mo J J, Yuan N C 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 778 (in Chinese) [刘少斌, 莫锦军, 袁乃昌 2004 53 778]
[13]	Hu Q L, Liu S B, Li W 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 1050
[14]	Liu M H, Hu X W, Jiang Z H, Liu K F, Gu C L, Pan Y 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 1317 (in Chinese) [刘明海, 胡希伟, 江中和, 刘克富, 辜承林, 潘垣 2002 51 1317]
[15]	Tang D L, Sun A P, Qiu X M 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 1724 (in Chinese) [唐德礼, 孙爱萍, 邱孝明 2002 51 1724]
[16]	Tang D L, Sun A P, Qiu X M, Chu P K 2003 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 31 405
[17]	Zhao Q, Liu S Z, Tong H H 2009 Plasma Technology and Its Applications (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p40 (in Chinese) [赵青, 刘述章, 童洪辉 2009 等离子体技术及应用(北京: 国防工业出版社)第40页]
[18]	Yang H W, Chen R S 2007 Opt. Quantum Electron. 39 1245
[19]	Jamison S P, Shen J L, Jones D R, Issac R C, Ersfeld B, Clark D, Jaroszynski D A 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 4334
[20]	Kolner B H, Buckles R A, Conklin P M, Scott R P 2008 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14 505
[21]	Angus J R, Krasheninnikov S I, Smolyakov A I 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 102115
[22]	Weston V H 1967 Phys. Fluids 10 632
[23]	Cheng G X, Liu L 2010 IEEE Tran. Plasma Sci. 38 3109

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