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The viscosity of matter under extreme conditions, i.e., warm dense matter (WDM) and hot dense matter (HDM), has significant applications in various areas, such as the design of inertial confinement fusion targets, the study of astrophysical structure evolution, and the investigation of interfacial instability and mixing development under extreme conditions. Since the temperature and pressure range accessible by experimental techniques for viscosity measurement is very limited, the acquisition of viscosity data under extreme conditions mainly relies on theoretical calculations. This work introduces a variety of molecular dynamics (MD) methods and models for calculating the viscosity of WDM and HDM, including quantum MD (QMD), orbital-free MD (OFMD), average atom model combined with hypernetted chain (AAHNC), effective potential theory combined with average atom model (EPT+AA), hybrid kinetics MD (KMD), integrated Yukawa viscosity model (IYVM), Stanton-Murillo transport model (SMT), pseudoion in jellium (PIJ), one-component plasma model (OCP), and random-walk shielding-potential viscosity model (RWSP-VM). Simultaneously, the viscosity of a variety of elements obtained by these methods are shown, ranging from low to high atomic number (Z), i.e., H, C, Al, Fe, Ge, W, U. The accuracy and the applicability of each method are detailed analyzed by comparison. RWSP-VM, which is based on physical modeling and independent of MD data, has comparable accuracy to simulation data over a wide range of temperature and pressure, and is an effcient method for obtaining viscosity data of WDM and HDM. This work will pave the way to the calculation of shear viscosity at extremes, and may play an important role in promoting the relevant applications. The data calculated from RWSP-VM in this work are openly available at https://www.scidb.cn/s/ZrERJf.
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Keywords:
- shear viscosity /
- molecular dynamics /
- ab initio calculations /
- kinetic theory
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