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高性能湿度传感器由于在半导体制造、智慧农业、仓储、健康监测等领域具有重要应用而受到广泛关注，要求传感器具有宽监测范围、高响应值、小湿滞、快响应恢复和优异的长期稳定性。本文通过原位聚合法构筑得到了一种质子传导增强的CMC-Na/MOF-801/PPY湿敏材料和阻抗型湿度传感器。由于存在连续的氢键网络，湿敏材料的质子电导率和阻抗对湿度存在紧密依赖性，相对湿度（ Relative humidity（%）,简记为% RH）为85%时湿度传感器的响应值达到1.24×105，并同时表现出小湿滞（ 1.9% RH）和快的响应恢复特性（ 2.8 s和1.2 s）。作为概念验证，本研究评估了传感器在无接触式传感中的应用潜力。研究表明，增强的质子传导机制是传感器表现出高响应值、小湿滞和快响应恢复等湿敏特性的主要原因，这对获得高性能湿度传感器具有重要参考意义。High-performance humidity sensors have received widespread attention for their wide use in healthcare, archaeology, electronic device manufacturing, etc., thus developing humidity sensors with wide sensing range, high response, narrow humidity hysteresis, fast response/recovery, and excellent stability are urgently needed. Humidity-sensitive materials are the core of humidity sensors. To obtain high-performance humidity sensors, humidity-sensitive materials should have high hydrophilicity, conductivity, and stability. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising humidity-sensitive materials due to their special characteristics, but often limited by the poor conductivity and hydrophilicity. Herein, a proton conduction enhanced CMC-Na/MOF-801/PPY (CMP) humidity-sensitive material was prepared through in-situ polymerization, and the corresponding humidity sensor was fabricated via drop-casting. The structure, functional groups, specific surface area, and element distribution of the CMP material were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 sorption isotherm, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The abundant hydrophilic groups and continuous hydrogen bond network lead to tight dependence of the proton conductivity and impedance of the sensing material on the humidity. The results show that the optimized CMP sensor is highly sensitive to humidity change with high response of 516.7 at 43% RH and 1.24×105 at 85% RH, narrow hysteresis of 1.9% RH, and short response/recovery time of 2.8 s and 1.2 s in the humidity range of 7–85% RH. Compared to reported MOFs-based humidity sensors, the CMP sensor exhibits unique technical characteristics. Further, the humidity sensing mechanism of the CMP sensor was investigated through a combination of material characterization, water adsorption kinetics, carrier concentration, complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) plot, and equivalent circuit (EC). As proof of concept, by monitoring the humidity on the finger surface, we evaluated the potential applications of the CMP sensor in noncontact sensing. Moreover, a palmar hyperhidrosis diagnosis system based on the CMP sensor was assembled, realizing quick, intuitive, and accurate diagnosis the severity of palmar hyperhidrosis. It is believed that this work provides a reasonable strategy for constructing high-performance humidity sensors.
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Keywords:
- humidity sensor /
- metal organic framework /
- highly sensitive /
- fast response
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