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The discovery of superconductivity in iron-based superconductors by Professor Hosono in Japan in 2008 has triggered off an enormous group of researches the world wide. The iron-based superconductors are regarded as another kind of high-Tc superconductors, which possess lots of merits, such as very high upper critical field (Hc2), high critical current density (Jc), and small crystal anisotropy (), are promising for high field applications. Ba1-xKxFe2As2, as a typical FeAs-122 superconductor, is focused on by both theoretical physicists and material scientists since its discovery. In this paper, we first successfully fabricate Ba1-xKxFe2As2 single crystal. It has an onset transition temperature up to 38.5 K, while its zero resistivity temperature reaches 37.2 K. Both the R-T and M-T data of it show very sharp superconducting transition, and its critical current density at 5 K and self field is over 106 Acm-2 and almost field independent. The flux pinning force and the relative pinning mechanisms in Ba1-xKxFe2As2 are discussed by analyzing the data obtained from the measurements about the R-T and M-H under different conditions. Results indicate that the Ba1- xKxFe2As2 superconductors have very strong intrinsic vortex pinning force, and the vortex potentials (U0) under 9 T field are 5800 K and 8100 K for the H//c and H//ab, respectively. Furthermore, the vortex pinning mechanism is also investigated by analyzing the relationship Jc-B. According to the present results, the flux pinning mechanism should be (l) pinning because of the change of mean free path for electrons induced by nano-size crystallographic defects in Ba1-xKxFe2As2.
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Keywords:
- Ba1-xKxFe2As2 /
- flux pinning potential /
- flux pinning mechanism
[1] Kamihara Y, Watanabe T, Hirano M, Hosono H 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 3296
[2] Wen H H, Mu G, Fang L, Yang H, Zhu X Y 2008 Europhys. Lett. 82 17009
[3] Senatore C, Flukiger R, Cantoni M, Wu G, Liu R H, Chen X H 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 054514
[4] Wang X L, Ghorbani S R, Peleckis G, Dou S X 2009 Adv. Mater. 21 236
[5] Ren Z A, Lu W, Yang J, Yi W, Shen X L, Li Z C, Che G C, Dong X L, Sun L L, Zhou F, Zhao Z X 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 2215
[6] Rotter M, Tegel M, Johrendt D 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 107006
[7] Chen G F, Li Z, Li G, Hu W Z, Dong J, Zhou J, Zhang X D, Zheng P, Wang N L, Luo J L 2008 Chin. Physi. Lett. 25 3403
[8] Zhang X P, Yao C, Lin H, Cai Y, Chen Z, Li J Q, Dong C H, Zhang Q J, Wang D L, Ma Y W, Oguro H, Awaji S, Watanabe K 2014 Appl. Physi. Lett. 104 202601
[9] Gao Z S, Togano K, Matsumoto A, Kumakura H 2014 Scientific Reports 4 4065
[10] Yang H, Luo H Q, Wang Z S, Wen H H 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 142506
[11] Wang X L, Ghorbani S R, Lee S I, Dou S X, Lin C T, Johansen T H, Mller K H, Cheng Z X, Peleckis G, Shabazi M, Qviller A J, Yurchenko V V, Sun G L, Sun D L 2010 Phys. Rev. B 82 024525
[12] Wang C L, Wang L, Gao Z S, Yao C, Wang D L, Qi Y P, Zhang X P, Ma Y W 2011 Appli. Phys. Lett. 98 042508
[13] Wang C L, Gao Z S, Yao C, Wang L, Qi Y P, Wang D L, Zhang X P, Ma Y W 2011 , Supercond. Sci. Technol. 24 065002
[14] Jaroszynski J, Hunte F, Balicas L, Jo Y J, Raičević I, Gurivich A, Larbalestier D C, Balakirev F F, Fang L, Cheng P, Jia Y, Wen H H 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 174523
[15] Palstra T T M, Batlogg B, Van Dover R B, Schneemeyer L F, Waszczak J V 1990 Phys. Rev. B 41 6621
[16] Lpez D, Krusin-Elbaum L, Safar H, Righi E, De la Cruz F, Grigera S, Field C, Kwok W K, Paulius L, Crabtree G W 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1070
[17] Ghorbani S R, Wang X L, Shabazi M, Dou S X, Choi K Y, Lin C T 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 072603
[18] Blatter G, Feigel'man M V, Geshkenbein V B, Larkin A I, Vinokur V 1994 Rev. Mod. Phys. 66 1125
[19] Griessen R, Wen H H, Van Dalen A J J, Dam B, Rector J, Schnack H G, Libbrecht S, Osquiguil E, Bruynseraede Y 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 1910
[20] Qin M J, Wang X L, Liu H K, Dou S X 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 132508
[21] Dew-Hughes 1987 Phil Mag B 55 459
[22] Wen H H, Zhao Z X 1996 Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 856
[23] Pissas M, Zeibekis M, Stamopoulos D, Wang C L, Ma Y W 2012 Physica C 476 68
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[1] Kamihara Y, Watanabe T, Hirano M, Hosono H 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 3296
[2] Wen H H, Mu G, Fang L, Yang H, Zhu X Y 2008 Europhys. Lett. 82 17009
[3] Senatore C, Flukiger R, Cantoni M, Wu G, Liu R H, Chen X H 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 054514
[4] Wang X L, Ghorbani S R, Peleckis G, Dou S X 2009 Adv. Mater. 21 236
[5] Ren Z A, Lu W, Yang J, Yi W, Shen X L, Li Z C, Che G C, Dong X L, Sun L L, Zhou F, Zhao Z X 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 2215
[6] Rotter M, Tegel M, Johrendt D 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 107006
[7] Chen G F, Li Z, Li G, Hu W Z, Dong J, Zhou J, Zhang X D, Zheng P, Wang N L, Luo J L 2008 Chin. Physi. Lett. 25 3403
[8] Zhang X P, Yao C, Lin H, Cai Y, Chen Z, Li J Q, Dong C H, Zhang Q J, Wang D L, Ma Y W, Oguro H, Awaji S, Watanabe K 2014 Appl. Physi. Lett. 104 202601
[9] Gao Z S, Togano K, Matsumoto A, Kumakura H 2014 Scientific Reports 4 4065
[10] Yang H, Luo H Q, Wang Z S, Wen H H 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 142506
[11] Wang X L, Ghorbani S R, Lee S I, Dou S X, Lin C T, Johansen T H, Mller K H, Cheng Z X, Peleckis G, Shabazi M, Qviller A J, Yurchenko V V, Sun G L, Sun D L 2010 Phys. Rev. B 82 024525
[12] Wang C L, Wang L, Gao Z S, Yao C, Wang D L, Qi Y P, Zhang X P, Ma Y W 2011 Appli. Phys. Lett. 98 042508
[13] Wang C L, Gao Z S, Yao C, Wang L, Qi Y P, Wang D L, Zhang X P, Ma Y W 2011 , Supercond. Sci. Technol. 24 065002
[14] Jaroszynski J, Hunte F, Balicas L, Jo Y J, Raičević I, Gurivich A, Larbalestier D C, Balakirev F F, Fang L, Cheng P, Jia Y, Wen H H 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 174523
[15] Palstra T T M, Batlogg B, Van Dover R B, Schneemeyer L F, Waszczak J V 1990 Phys. Rev. B 41 6621
[16] Lpez D, Krusin-Elbaum L, Safar H, Righi E, De la Cruz F, Grigera S, Field C, Kwok W K, Paulius L, Crabtree G W 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1070
[17] Ghorbani S R, Wang X L, Shabazi M, Dou S X, Choi K Y, Lin C T 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 072603
[18] Blatter G, Feigel'man M V, Geshkenbein V B, Larkin A I, Vinokur V 1994 Rev. Mod. Phys. 66 1125
[19] Griessen R, Wen H H, Van Dalen A J J, Dam B, Rector J, Schnack H G, Libbrecht S, Osquiguil E, Bruynseraede Y 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 1910
[20] Qin M J, Wang X L, Liu H K, Dou S X 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 132508
[21] Dew-Hughes 1987 Phil Mag B 55 459
[22] Wen H H, Zhao Z X 1996 Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 856
[23] Pissas M, Zeibekis M, Stamopoulos D, Wang C L, Ma Y W 2012 Physica C 476 68
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