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Deep-layer dielectric charge and discharge in insulating material irradiated by energetic electrons are one of the major factors causing spacecraft anomalies. In this paper we establish a two-dimensional physical model of deep-layer dielectric charging, based on charge distribution and energy deposition of incident electrons and conductivity properties. The model is accomplished by finite element method, and the deep-layer dielectric charging characteristics of polytetrafluoroethene irradiated by energetic electrons are calculated. The calculation results show that in the vacuum environment, in the surface of the dielectric there exists a weak reverse electric field, and it first decreases to zero and then increases with the increase of depth. The maximum electric field appears near the ground, but the electric field presents a slight reduction at the position of ground point. Space-time evolution characteristics of the maximum potential and maximum electric field in different radiation times (one hour, one day, ten days and 30 days) within dielectric are analyzed. With the increase of radiation time, the maximum potential increases from -128 V to -7.9× 104 V, and the maximum electric field increases from 2.83×105 V·m-1 to 1.76×108 V·m-1. Finally, the influence of electron-beam density on the maximum electric field is discussed. In a typical space environment (1×10-10 A·m-2), the maximum electric field reaches 2.95×106 V/m·m-1 for ten days. However, in severe space environment (2×10-8 A·m-2, the maximum electric field rapidly reaches 108 V/m for 42 hours, exceeding the breakdown threshold (about 108 V·m-1), which may easily cause electrostatic discharge). The physical model and numerical method can be used as a research basis of multi-dimension electric filed simulation of spacecraft complex parts.
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Keywords:
- deep dielectric charging /
- polytetrafluoroethene /
- energetic electrons radiation /
- two dimension electric field simulation
[1] Koons H C, Mazur J E, Selesnick R S, Blake J B, Fennell J F, Roeder J L, Anderson P C 2000 6th Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference Hunstville, USA, September 1, 2000 p7
[2] Min M D, Cho M G, Khan A R, Li S T 2012 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insulat. 19 600
[3] Garrett H B, Whittlesey A C 2000 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 28 2017
[4] Frederickson A R, Holeman E G, Mullen E G 1992 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 39 1773
[5] Lai S T 2011 Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press) p146
[6] Jun I, Garrett H B, Kim W, Minow J I 2008 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2467
[7] Qin X G, He D Y, Wang J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 684 (in Chinese) [秦晓刚, 贺德衍, 王骥 2009 58 684]
[8] Rodgers D J, Ryden K A, Latham P M, Wrenn G L, Lévy L, Dirassen B 2000 Engineering Tools for Internal Charging DICTAT p8
[9] Huang J G, Chen D 2004 J. Geophys. 47 392 (in Chinese) [黄建国, 陈东 2004 地球 47 392]
[10] Huang J G, Chen D 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 961 (in Chinese) [黄建国, 陈东 2004 53 961]
[11] Quan R H 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [全荣辉 2009 博士学位论文 (北京: 中国科学院研究生院)]
[12] Quan R H, Zhang Z L, Han J W, Huang J G, Yan X J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1205 (in Chinese) [全荣辉, 张振龙, 韩建伟, 黄建国, 闫小娟 2009 58 1205]
[13] Li X S, Jiao W X 2007 J. Space Sci. 27 309 (in Chinese) [李学胜, 焦维新 2007 空间科学学报 27 309]
[14] Qin X G 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Lanzhou: Lanzhou University) (in Chinese) [秦晓刚 2010 博士学位论文 (兰州: 兰州大学)]
[15] Li S T, Li G C, Min D M, Zhao N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 059401 (in Chinese) [李盛涛, 李国倡, 闵道敏, 赵妮 2013 62 059401]
[16] Ryschkewitsch M G 2011 Mitigating in Space Charging Effects–A Guideline (Washington: NASA) p33
[17] Søensen J, Rodger D S, Ryden K A, Latham P M, Wrenn G L, Levy L, Panabiere G 2000 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 47 491
[18] Touzin M, Goeuriot D, Guerret-Piécourt C, Juvé D, Tréheux D, Fitting H J 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 99 114110
[19] Perrin C, Griseri V, Inguimbert C, Laurent C 2008 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 205417
[20] Dennison J R, Sim A, Brunson J, Gillespie J, Hart S, Dekany J, Sim C, Arnfield D 2009 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition Orlando, Florida, January 5-8, 2009 p0562
[21] Roy S L, Baudoin F, Griseri V, Laurent C, Teyssedre G 2010 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43 315402
[22] Wang G, An L 2012 COMSOL Multi-physics Engineering Practice and Theoretical Simulation-Multi-Physics Field Numerical Analysis Technolog (Beijing: Elecronic Industry Press) p22 (in Chinese) [王刚, 安琳 2012 COMSOL Multi-physics 工程实践与理论仿真——多物理场数值分析技术 (北京: 电子工业出版社) 第22页]
[23] Li S T, Min D M, Lin M, Li W W, Li J Y 2010 International Conference on Solid Dielectrics Potsdam, Germany, July 4-9, 2010 p2
[24] Perrin C, Griseri V, Laurent C, Fukunaga K, Maeno T, Levy L, Payan D, Schwander D 2008 High Perform. Polym. 20 535
[25] Yan X G, Chen D, Han J W, Huang J G 2008 Spacecraft Environ. Engineer. 25 120 (in Chinese) [闫小娟, 陈东, 韩建伟, 黄建国 2008 航天器环境工程 25 120]
[26] Wu J, Kang Y L, Zhang Z J, Zheng X Q 2012 Vacuum and Cryogenics 18 26 (in Chinese) [乌江, 康亚丽, 张振军, 郑晓泉 2012 真空与低温 18 26]
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[1] Koons H C, Mazur J E, Selesnick R S, Blake J B, Fennell J F, Roeder J L, Anderson P C 2000 6th Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference Hunstville, USA, September 1, 2000 p7
[2] Min M D, Cho M G, Khan A R, Li S T 2012 IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insulat. 19 600
[3] Garrett H B, Whittlesey A C 2000 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 28 2017
[4] Frederickson A R, Holeman E G, Mullen E G 1992 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 39 1773
[5] Lai S T 2011 Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press) p146
[6] Jun I, Garrett H B, Kim W, Minow J I 2008 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2467
[7] Qin X G, He D Y, Wang J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 684 (in Chinese) [秦晓刚, 贺德衍, 王骥 2009 58 684]
[8] Rodgers D J, Ryden K A, Latham P M, Wrenn G L, Lévy L, Dirassen B 2000 Engineering Tools for Internal Charging DICTAT p8
[9] Huang J G, Chen D 2004 J. Geophys. 47 392 (in Chinese) [黄建国, 陈东 2004 地球 47 392]
[10] Huang J G, Chen D 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 961 (in Chinese) [黄建国, 陈东 2004 53 961]
[11] Quan R H 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [全荣辉 2009 博士学位论文 (北京: 中国科学院研究生院)]
[12] Quan R H, Zhang Z L, Han J W, Huang J G, Yan X J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1205 (in Chinese) [全荣辉, 张振龙, 韩建伟, 黄建国, 闫小娟 2009 58 1205]
[13] Li X S, Jiao W X 2007 J. Space Sci. 27 309 (in Chinese) [李学胜, 焦维新 2007 空间科学学报 27 309]
[14] Qin X G 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Lanzhou: Lanzhou University) (in Chinese) [秦晓刚 2010 博士学位论文 (兰州: 兰州大学)]
[15] Li S T, Li G C, Min D M, Zhao N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 059401 (in Chinese) [李盛涛, 李国倡, 闵道敏, 赵妮 2013 62 059401]
[16] Ryschkewitsch M G 2011 Mitigating in Space Charging Effects–A Guideline (Washington: NASA) p33
[17] Søensen J, Rodger D S, Ryden K A, Latham P M, Wrenn G L, Levy L, Panabiere G 2000 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 47 491
[18] Touzin M, Goeuriot D, Guerret-Piécourt C, Juvé D, Tréheux D, Fitting H J 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 99 114110
[19] Perrin C, Griseri V, Inguimbert C, Laurent C 2008 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 205417
[20] Dennison J R, Sim A, Brunson J, Gillespie J, Hart S, Dekany J, Sim C, Arnfield D 2009 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition Orlando, Florida, January 5-8, 2009 p0562
[21] Roy S L, Baudoin F, Griseri V, Laurent C, Teyssedre G 2010 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43 315402
[22] Wang G, An L 2012 COMSOL Multi-physics Engineering Practice and Theoretical Simulation-Multi-Physics Field Numerical Analysis Technolog (Beijing: Elecronic Industry Press) p22 (in Chinese) [王刚, 安琳 2012 COMSOL Multi-physics 工程实践与理论仿真——多物理场数值分析技术 (北京: 电子工业出版社) 第22页]
[23] Li S T, Min D M, Lin M, Li W W, Li J Y 2010 International Conference on Solid Dielectrics Potsdam, Germany, July 4-9, 2010 p2
[24] Perrin C, Griseri V, Laurent C, Fukunaga K, Maeno T, Levy L, Payan D, Schwander D 2008 High Perform. Polym. 20 535
[25] Yan X G, Chen D, Han J W, Huang J G 2008 Spacecraft Environ. Engineer. 25 120 (in Chinese) [闫小娟, 陈东, 韩建伟, 黄建国 2008 航天器环境工程 25 120]
[26] Wu J, Kang Y L, Zhang Z J, Zheng X Q 2012 Vacuum and Cryogenics 18 26 (in Chinese) [乌江, 康亚丽, 张振军, 郑晓泉 2012 真空与低温 18 26]
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