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The presence of sea spikes can cause the radar false alarm probability rise and performance degradation of multi-target environment detection. Therefore, study of the phenomenon of sea spikes is of great significance. HH polarization scattering intensity close to or even greater than the VV polarization scattering intensity is an important feature of sea spike phenomenon. Overturning wave crest is considered to be one of the reasons of generating sea spike. In this paper, overturning wave crest model is introduced with the consideration of the wind speed, and the method of moment is used for studying HH and VV backward scattering coefficient for different incident frequencies, incident angles, wind speeds, and wind directions. It is found that super phenomenon (HH scattering intensity is greater than VV polarization scattering intensity) is more obvious in the cases of low grazing and large wind speed, thus it is deduced that the sea spike phenomenon occurs with a high probability in the case of low grazing angle. Moreover, the distributions of sea clutter amplitude and Doppler spectra are also examined for the overturning wave crest model with low grazing incidence.
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Keywords:
- sea spike /
- overturning wave crest /
- electromagnetic scattering /
- low grazing angle
[1] Jessup A T, Melville W K, Keller W C 1990 IEEE Proceedings Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium College Park, USA, May 20-24, 1990 p765
[2] Xie T, Shen T, Perrie W, Chen W, Kuang H L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 054102
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[6] Lamont-Smith T 2008 IET. Radar Sonar Navig. 2 97
[7] [8] Sobieski P, Guissard A, Baufays C 1991 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 29 391
[9] [10] Dano E B, Lyzenga D R 1996 Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future Lincoln, USA, May 27-31, 1996 p2198
[11] [12] Holliday D, Deraad Jr L L, St-Cyr G J 1998 IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. 46 108
[13] [14] [15] West J C 2000 IEEE Proceedings Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Honolulu, USA, July 2428, 2000 p3120
[16] [17] West J C 2002 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 40 523
[18] [19] Trizna D B 1997 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 35 1232
[20] Li Z K 2006 M. S. Thesis (Tsingtao: Ocean University of China) (in Chinese) [李宗宽 2006 硕士学位论文 (青岛: 中国海洋大学)]
[21] [22] [23] Lindsay R W, Percival D B 1996 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 34 771
[24] [25] Tian Y Y, Tan Q C 2011 J. Wuhan Univ. Technol. (Nat. Sci.) 11 153 (in Chinese) [田原嫄, 谭庆昌 2011 武汉理工大学学报 (自然科学版) 11 153]
[26] Luo W, Zhang M, Zhou P, Yin H C 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 084102
[27] [28] Du Z J, Lin W T, Mo J Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 090201
[29] [30] [31] Guo L X, Wang R, Wu Z S 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 044102
[32] [33] Guo L X, Wang R, Wu Z S 2010 Basic Theory and Method of Electromagnetic Scattering from Random Rough Surface (Beijing: Science Press) p63 (in Chinese) [郭立新, 王蕊, 吴振森 2010 随机粗糙面散射的基本理论和方法 (北京: 科学出版社) 第63页]
[34] [35] Lai H J, Hao Z F 2008 Probability and Statistics (Beijing: Higher Education Press)
[36] Zhang Y M, Wang Y H, Zhao C F 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 084103
[37] [38] Guo L X, Wang Y, Wang Y H, Wu Z S 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3464 (in Chinese) [郭立新, 王蕊, 王运华, 吴振森 2008 57 3464]
[39] [40] [41] Toporkov J V, Brown G S 2000 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 38 1616
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[1] Jessup A T, Melville W K, Keller W C 1990 IEEE Proceedings Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium College Park, USA, May 20-24, 1990 p765
[2] Xie T, Shen T, Perrie W, Chen W, Kuang H L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 054102
[3] [4] [5] Walker D 2001 IEE Proc. Radar Sonar Navig. 148 73
[6] Lamont-Smith T 2008 IET. Radar Sonar Navig. 2 97
[7] [8] Sobieski P, Guissard A, Baufays C 1991 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 29 391
[9] [10] Dano E B, Lyzenga D R 1996 Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future Lincoln, USA, May 27-31, 1996 p2198
[11] [12] Holliday D, Deraad Jr L L, St-Cyr G J 1998 IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. 46 108
[13] [14] [15] West J C 2000 IEEE Proceedings Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Honolulu, USA, July 2428, 2000 p3120
[16] [17] West J C 2002 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 40 523
[18] [19] Trizna D B 1997 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 35 1232
[20] Li Z K 2006 M. S. Thesis (Tsingtao: Ocean University of China) (in Chinese) [李宗宽 2006 硕士学位论文 (青岛: 中国海洋大学)]
[21] [22] [23] Lindsay R W, Percival D B 1996 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 34 771
[24] [25] Tian Y Y, Tan Q C 2011 J. Wuhan Univ. Technol. (Nat. Sci.) 11 153 (in Chinese) [田原嫄, 谭庆昌 2011 武汉理工大学学报 (自然科学版) 11 153]
[26] Luo W, Zhang M, Zhou P, Yin H C 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 084102
[27] [28] Du Z J, Lin W T, Mo J Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 090201
[29] [30] [31] Guo L X, Wang R, Wu Z S 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 044102
[32] [33] Guo L X, Wang R, Wu Z S 2010 Basic Theory and Method of Electromagnetic Scattering from Random Rough Surface (Beijing: Science Press) p63 (in Chinese) [郭立新, 王蕊, 吴振森 2010 随机粗糙面散射的基本理论和方法 (北京: 科学出版社) 第63页]
[34] [35] Lai H J, Hao Z F 2008 Probability and Statistics (Beijing: Higher Education Press)
[36] Zhang Y M, Wang Y H, Zhao C F 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 084103
[37] [38] Guo L X, Wang Y, Wang Y H, Wu Z S 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3464 (in Chinese) [郭立新, 王蕊, 王运华, 吴振森 2008 57 3464]
[39] [40] [41] Toporkov J V, Brown G S 2000 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 38 1616
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