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We synthesize the powder of the precursor of TiO2, which shows the giant electrorheological effect but does not include the component of CaC2O4H2O. By use of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, inductively-coupled plasma spectrometer, themogravimetry-mass spectrum, etc, it is found that the precursor of TiO2 is amorphous powder with nanosize, and its components include TiOC2O42H2O and TiO(OH)2. The electrorheological fluid made by the powder shows a similar temperature characteristic to that made by the precursor of CaTiO3, i.e., when the powder is heated to the temperature above 160℃, the yield stress of the electrorheological fluid made by it decreases gradually, and when it is heated to 200℃, the giant electrorheological effect disappears completely. It is also found that the chemical reaction accompanies with the disappearance of the giant electrorheological effect is that the crystalized water in TiOC2O42H2O is volatilized in heating process. These characteristics can be observed in all electrorheological fluids made by the precursor of other titanate, so we conclude that TiOC2O42H2O is the key component for this series of giant electrorheological fluids.
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Keywords:
- electrorheological fluids /
- titanate /
- polar molecule
[1] Winslow W M 1949 J. Appl. Phys. 20 1137
[2] Hao T 2001 Adv. Mater. 13 1847
[3] Wen W J, Huang X X, Yang S H, Lu K Q, Sheng P 2003 Nat. Mater. 2 727
[4] Lu K Q, Shen R, Wang X Z, Sun G, Cao Z X, Liu J X 2007 Physics 36 742 (in Chinese) [陆坤权, 沈容, 王学昭, 孙刚, 曹则贤, 刘寄星2007 物理 36 742]
[5] Shen R, Wang X Z, Lu Y, Wang D, Sun G, Cao Z X, Lu K Q 2009 Adv. Mater. 21 4631
[6] Lu K Q, Shen R, Wang X Z, Sun G, Wen W J, Liu J X 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 2476
[7] Ma H R, Wen W J, Tam W Y, Sheng P 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 2499
[8] Wang X Z, Shen R, Wen W J, Lu K Q 2005 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 19 1110
[9] Gong X Q, Wu J B, Huang X X, Wen W J, Sheng P 2008 Natotechnology 19 165602
[10] Wang D, Shen R, Wei S Q, Lu K Q 2012 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 26 1250079
[11] Lu Y, Wang X Z, Wang F P, Pan L Q 2009 Mater. Rev. 23 6 (in Chinese) [路阳, 王学昭, 王凤平, 潘礼庆2009 材料导报 23 6]
[12] Yan R J, Wu J H, Li C, Xu G J, Zhou L W 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 016202
[13] Yang S H, Gao X, Li C X, Wang Q, Shen R, Sun G, Lu K Q 2012 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 26 1150023
[14] Liu F H, Xu G J, Wu J H, Cheng Y C, Guo J J, Cui P 2009 Smart Mater. Stuct. 18 125015
[15] Kharkar D P, Patel C C 1957 J. Indian Inst. Sci. 57 41
[16] Potdar H S, Deshpande S B, Date S K 1999 Mater. Chem. Phys. 58 121
[17] Patil A J, Shinde M H, Potdar S B, Mayadevi S, Date S K 1998 Proc. Solid State Phys. Symp. 41 183
[18] Boudaren C, Bataille T, Auffredic J P, Louer D 2003 Solid State Sci. 5 175
[19] Khollam Y B, Deshpande A S, Potdar H S, Deshpande S B, Date S K, Patil A J 2002 Mater. Lett. 55 175
[20] Wang W X, Shen R, Lu Y, Ji A L, Sun G, Lu K Q, Cui P 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 7144 (in Chinese) [王学昭, 沈容, 路阳, 纪爱玲, 孙刚, 陆坤权, 崔平 2010 59 7144]
[21] Denisova T A, Maksimova L G, Polyakov E V, Zhuravlev N A, Kovyazina S A, Leonidova O N, Khabibulin D F, Yur’eva E I 2006 Russian J. Inorg. Chem. 51 691
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[1] Winslow W M 1949 J. Appl. Phys. 20 1137
[2] Hao T 2001 Adv. Mater. 13 1847
[3] Wen W J, Huang X X, Yang S H, Lu K Q, Sheng P 2003 Nat. Mater. 2 727
[4] Lu K Q, Shen R, Wang X Z, Sun G, Cao Z X, Liu J X 2007 Physics 36 742 (in Chinese) [陆坤权, 沈容, 王学昭, 孙刚, 曹则贤, 刘寄星2007 物理 36 742]
[5] Shen R, Wang X Z, Lu Y, Wang D, Sun G, Cao Z X, Lu K Q 2009 Adv. Mater. 21 4631
[6] Lu K Q, Shen R, Wang X Z, Sun G, Wen W J, Liu J X 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 2476
[7] Ma H R, Wen W J, Tam W Y, Sheng P 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 2499
[8] Wang X Z, Shen R, Wen W J, Lu K Q 2005 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 19 1110
[9] Gong X Q, Wu J B, Huang X X, Wen W J, Sheng P 2008 Natotechnology 19 165602
[10] Wang D, Shen R, Wei S Q, Lu K Q 2012 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 26 1250079
[11] Lu Y, Wang X Z, Wang F P, Pan L Q 2009 Mater. Rev. 23 6 (in Chinese) [路阳, 王学昭, 王凤平, 潘礼庆2009 材料导报 23 6]
[12] Yan R J, Wu J H, Li C, Xu G J, Zhou L W 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 016202
[13] Yang S H, Gao X, Li C X, Wang Q, Shen R, Sun G, Lu K Q 2012 Mod. Phys. Lett. B 26 1150023
[14] Liu F H, Xu G J, Wu J H, Cheng Y C, Guo J J, Cui P 2009 Smart Mater. Stuct. 18 125015
[15] Kharkar D P, Patel C C 1957 J. Indian Inst. Sci. 57 41
[16] Potdar H S, Deshpande S B, Date S K 1999 Mater. Chem. Phys. 58 121
[17] Patil A J, Shinde M H, Potdar S B, Mayadevi S, Date S K 1998 Proc. Solid State Phys. Symp. 41 183
[18] Boudaren C, Bataille T, Auffredic J P, Louer D 2003 Solid State Sci. 5 175
[19] Khollam Y B, Deshpande A S, Potdar H S, Deshpande S B, Date S K, Patil A J 2002 Mater. Lett. 55 175
[20] Wang W X, Shen R, Lu Y, Ji A L, Sun G, Lu K Q, Cui P 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 7144 (in Chinese) [王学昭, 沈容, 路阳, 纪爱玲, 孙刚, 陆坤权, 崔平 2010 59 7144]
[21] Denisova T A, Maksimova L G, Polyakov E V, Zhuravlev N A, Kovyazina S A, Leonidova O N, Khabibulin D F, Yur’eva E I 2006 Russian J. Inorg. Chem. 51 691
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