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With advent of chirped-pulse amplification, the peak power of femtosecond laser pulse was reached to petawatt (PW) or hundreds of terawatt (TW). Many progresses of high-field physics and ultrafast dynamics in matter are achieved using TW or PW laser. Pre-amplifier is an exponential growth amplifier which is also a bridge between oscillator and power amplifier. The best choice of pre-amplifier is amplification in regenerative cavity, due to its high stability and beam quality. The quality of pre-amplified laser pulse is significant to efficiency and beam quality of the successive power amplifier. High energy pre-amplifier with high beam quality will reduce the requirement of pump laser in final power amplifier. But typical regenerative amplifier only support low output energy of few millijoule. Higher energy from only one regenerative amplifier is crucial to whole laser system. High energy regenerative amplifier can be achieved by increasing the size of TEM00 in cavity. A new femtosecond Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier with large mode size was demonstrated in this letter. The regenerative cavity is designed as stable linear resonator in which end mirrors are planar, the diameter of beam waist in Ti:sapphire crystal is larger than 2 mm, which can support high energy pulse amplified in cavity. By matching the focal spot of pump laser with the size of mode and optimization of cavity, the output laser energy up to 17.4 mJ was achieved under the pump energy of 60 mJ at repetition rate of 10 Hz, which corresponds to the efficiency of 29%. The amplified laser pulse from regenerative amplifier was compressed in a grating-pair compressor. By carefully alignment of incident angle and distance between the two gratings of compressor, the shortest pulses duration of 40.6 fs and energy of 13.9 mJ are obtained, which is a little bit longer than Fourier-transform limit based on spectrum of laser. The dispersion in the CPA laser system was also analyzed, after optimization of compressor, there are still high order dispersions uncompensated, which results in the duration of compressed pulses longer than Fourier-transform limit. Based on this large mode size regenerative amplifier, peak power of 1.9 TW laser pulses which compressed pulse energy of 81.4 mJ in 43 fs were also further realized by following only one stage of multipass amplifier. The beam quality (M2) was measured to be 1.6 and 1.5 in X and Y directions respectively, and the energy stability is 2.15% (rms). The results show that this large mode size regenerative amplifier is an ideal choice of pre-amplifier in TW laser system.
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Keywords:
- femtosecond laser /
- chirped-pulse amplification /
- regenerative amplifier /
- terawatt
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[2] Strickland D, Mourou G 1985 Opt. Commun. 55 219
[3] Wang Z H, Liu C, Shen Z W, Zhang Q, Teng H, Wei Z Y 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 3194
[4] Yu T J, Lee S K, Sung J H, Yoon J W, Jeong T M, Lee J 2012 Opt. Express 20 10807
[5] Chu Y X, Gan Z B, Liang X Y, Yu L H, Lu X M, Wang C, Wang X L, Xu L, Lu H H, Yin D J, Leng Y X, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 5011
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[9] Yanovsky V, Kalinchenko G., Reed S, Rousseau P, Chvykov V 2007 Acta Horticulturae 18 193
[10] Liebetrau H, Hornung M, Keppler S, Hellwing M, Kessler A, Schorcht F 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 3006
[11] Takeuchi S, Kobayashi T 1994 Opt. Commun. 109 518
[12] Nabekawa Y, Kuramoto Y, Togashi T, Sekikawa T, Watanabe S 1998 Opt. Lett. 23 1384
[13] Zhang J, Suzuki M, Baba M, Wei Z, Wang Z, Wang P, Zhang J, Zheng J, Kuroda H 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 2498
[14] Chen S, Chen S, Chini M, Wang H, Yun C, Mashiko H, Wu Y, Chang Z 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 5692
[15] Takada H, Torizuka K 2006 IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 12 201
[16] Amani E A, Nabekawa Y, Ishikawa K L, Takahashi H, Midorikawa K 2008 Opt. Express 16 13431
[17] Shen Z W, Wang Z H, Fan H T, Qin S, Teng H, He P, Wei Z Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 104211 (in Chinese) [沈忠伟, 王兆华, 范海涛, 秦爽, 滕浩, 何鹏, 魏志义 2014 63 104211]
[18] He P, Teng H, Zhang N H, Liu Y Y, Wang Z H, Wei Z Y 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 244201 (in Chinese) [何鹏, 滕浩, 张宁华, 刘阳阳, 王兆华, 魏志义 2016 65 244201]
[19] Matras G, Huot N, Baubeau E, Audouard E 2007 Opt. Express 15 7528
[20] Xu Z, Yang X, Vlgroux L, Saviot F, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang W 2000 Science China Mathematics 43 533
[21] Leng Y X, Lin L H, Xu Z Z 2002 Acta Optica Sinica 22 170 (in Chinese) [冷雨欣, 林礼煌, 徐至展 2002 光学学报 22 170]
[22] Itatani J, Faure J, Nantel M, Mourou G, Watanabe S 1998 Opt. Commun. 148 70
[23] Barty C P, Guo T, Le B C, Raksi F, Rose-Petruck C, Squier J, Wilson K R, Yakovlev V V, Yamakawa K 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 668
[24] Tokita S, Kobayashi T 2008 Opt. Express 16 14875
[25] Kiriyama H, Inoue N, Akahane Y, Yamakawa K 2006 Opt. Express 14 438
[26] Li C, Lu X M, Wang C, Leng Y X, Liang X Y, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 1276
[27] Huang X J, Peng H S, Wei X F, Wang X D, Zeng X M, Zhou K N, Guo Y, Liu L Q, Wang X, Zhu Q H, Lin D H, Tang X D, Zhang X M, Chu X L, Wang Q Y 2005 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 17 1685 (in Chinese) [黄小军, 彭翰生, 魏晓峰, 王晓东, 曾小明, 周凯南, 郭仪, 刘兰琴, 王逍, 朱启华, 林东晖, 唐晓东, 张小民, 楚晓亮, 王清月 2005 强激光与粒子束 17 1685]
[28] Nabekawa Y, Eilanlou A A, Furukawa Y, Ishikawa K L, Takahashi H, Midorikawa K 2010 Appl. Phys. B 101 523
[29] Zhang W, Teng H, Wang Z H, Shen Z W, Liu C, Wei Z Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 104211 (in Chinese) [张伟, 滕浩, 王兆华, 沈忠伟, 刘成, 魏志义 2013 62 104211]
[30] Ohmae G, Yagi T 2000 Proceedings of SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering Osaka, Japan, November 01, 1999 3886 407
[31] Liu C, Wang Z H, Shen Z W, Zhang W, Teng H, Wei Z Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 094209 (in Chinese) [刘成, 王兆华, 沈忠伟, 张伟, 滕浩, 魏志义 2013 62 094209]
[32] Yamakawa K, Barty C P 2003 Opt. Lett. 28 2402
[33] Ito S, Ishikawa H, Miura T, Takasago K, Endo A, Torizuka K 2003 Appl. Phys. B 76 497
[34] Shang L J 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1408 (in Chinese) [尚连聚 2003 52 1408]
[35] Tian J R, Han H N, Zhao Y Y, Wang P, Zhang W, Wei Z Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4725 (in Chinese) [田金荣, 韩海年, 赵研英, 王鹏, 张炜, 魏志义 2006 55 4725]
[36] Song Y R, Zhang Z G, Wang Q Y 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 581 (in Chinese) [宋晏蓉, 张志刚, 王清月 2003 52 581]
[37] Cao D M, Wei Z Y, Teng H, Xia J F, Zhang J, Hou X 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 1202 (in Chinese) [曹东茂, 魏志义, 滕浩, 夏江帆, 张杰, 侯洵 2000 49 1202]
[38] Zhou J, Peatross J, Murnane M M, Kapteyn H C, Christov I P 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 752
[39] Remington B A, Drake R P, Takabe H, Arnett D 1999 Phys. Plasmas 7 1641
[40] Clark E L, Krushelnick K, Zepf M, Beg F N, Tatarakis M, Machacek A, Santala M I, Watts I, Norreys P A, Dangor A E 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 1654
[41] Zhang J, Hao Z Q, Yuan X H, Zheng Z Y, Zhang Z, Yu J 2006 Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics 23 282 (in Chinese) [张杰, 郝作强, 远晓辉, 郑志远, 张喆, 俞进 2006 量子电子学报 23 282]
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[1] Spence D E, Kean P N, Sibbett W 1991 Opt. Lett. 16 42
[2] Strickland D, Mourou G 1985 Opt. Commun. 55 219
[3] Wang Z H, Liu C, Shen Z W, Zhang Q, Teng H, Wei Z Y 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 3194
[4] Yu T J, Lee S K, Sung J H, Yoon J W, Jeong T M, Lee J 2012 Opt. Express 20 10807
[5] Chu Y X, Gan Z B, Liang X Y, Yu L H, Lu X M, Wang C, Wang X L, Xu L, Lu H H, Yin D J, Leng Y X, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 5011
[6] Frantz L M, Nodvik J S 1963 J. Appl. Phys. 34 2346
[7] Lowdermilk W H, Murray J E 1980 J. Appl. Phys. 51 2436
[8] Koechner W 2005 Solid-State Laser Engineering (6th Ed. ) (Berlin: Springer) p156
[9] Yanovsky V, Kalinchenko G., Reed S, Rousseau P, Chvykov V 2007 Acta Horticulturae 18 193
[10] Liebetrau H, Hornung M, Keppler S, Hellwing M, Kessler A, Schorcht F 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 3006
[11] Takeuchi S, Kobayashi T 1994 Opt. Commun. 109 518
[12] Nabekawa Y, Kuramoto Y, Togashi T, Sekikawa T, Watanabe S 1998 Opt. Lett. 23 1384
[13] Zhang J, Suzuki M, Baba M, Wei Z, Wang Z, Wang P, Zhang J, Zheng J, Kuroda H 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 2498
[14] Chen S, Chen S, Chini M, Wang H, Yun C, Mashiko H, Wu Y, Chang Z 2009 Appl. Opt. 48 5692
[15] Takada H, Torizuka K 2006 IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 12 201
[16] Amani E A, Nabekawa Y, Ishikawa K L, Takahashi H, Midorikawa K 2008 Opt. Express 16 13431
[17] Shen Z W, Wang Z H, Fan H T, Qin S, Teng H, He P, Wei Z Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 104211 (in Chinese) [沈忠伟, 王兆华, 范海涛, 秦爽, 滕浩, 何鹏, 魏志义 2014 63 104211]
[18] He P, Teng H, Zhang N H, Liu Y Y, Wang Z H, Wei Z Y 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 244201 (in Chinese) [何鹏, 滕浩, 张宁华, 刘阳阳, 王兆华, 魏志义 2016 65 244201]
[19] Matras G, Huot N, Baubeau E, Audouard E 2007 Opt. Express 15 7528
[20] Xu Z, Yang X, Vlgroux L, Saviot F, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang W 2000 Science China Mathematics 43 533
[21] Leng Y X, Lin L H, Xu Z Z 2002 Acta Optica Sinica 22 170 (in Chinese) [冷雨欣, 林礼煌, 徐至展 2002 光学学报 22 170]
[22] Itatani J, Faure J, Nantel M, Mourou G, Watanabe S 1998 Opt. Commun. 148 70
[23] Barty C P, Guo T, Le B C, Raksi F, Rose-Petruck C, Squier J, Wilson K R, Yakovlev V V, Yamakawa K 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 668
[24] Tokita S, Kobayashi T 2008 Opt. Express 16 14875
[25] Kiriyama H, Inoue N, Akahane Y, Yamakawa K 2006 Opt. Express 14 438
[26] Li C, Lu X M, Wang C, Leng Y X, Liang X Y, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 1276
[27] Huang X J, Peng H S, Wei X F, Wang X D, Zeng X M, Zhou K N, Guo Y, Liu L Q, Wang X, Zhu Q H, Lin D H, Tang X D, Zhang X M, Chu X L, Wang Q Y 2005 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 17 1685 (in Chinese) [黄小军, 彭翰生, 魏晓峰, 王晓东, 曾小明, 周凯南, 郭仪, 刘兰琴, 王逍, 朱启华, 林东晖, 唐晓东, 张小民, 楚晓亮, 王清月 2005 强激光与粒子束 17 1685]
[28] Nabekawa Y, Eilanlou A A, Furukawa Y, Ishikawa K L, Takahashi H, Midorikawa K 2010 Appl. Phys. B 101 523
[29] Zhang W, Teng H, Wang Z H, Shen Z W, Liu C, Wei Z Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 104211 (in Chinese) [张伟, 滕浩, 王兆华, 沈忠伟, 刘成, 魏志义 2013 62 104211]
[30] Ohmae G, Yagi T 2000 Proceedings of SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering Osaka, Japan, November 01, 1999 3886 407
[31] Liu C, Wang Z H, Shen Z W, Zhang W, Teng H, Wei Z Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 094209 (in Chinese) [刘成, 王兆华, 沈忠伟, 张伟, 滕浩, 魏志义 2013 62 094209]
[32] Yamakawa K, Barty C P 2003 Opt. Lett. 28 2402
[33] Ito S, Ishikawa H, Miura T, Takasago K, Endo A, Torizuka K 2003 Appl. Phys. B 76 497
[34] Shang L J 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1408 (in Chinese) [尚连聚 2003 52 1408]
[35] Tian J R, Han H N, Zhao Y Y, Wang P, Zhang W, Wei Z Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4725 (in Chinese) [田金荣, 韩海年, 赵研英, 王鹏, 张炜, 魏志义 2006 55 4725]
[36] Song Y R, Zhang Z G, Wang Q Y 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 581 (in Chinese) [宋晏蓉, 张志刚, 王清月 2003 52 581]
[37] Cao D M, Wei Z Y, Teng H, Xia J F, Zhang J, Hou X 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 1202 (in Chinese) [曹东茂, 魏志义, 滕浩, 夏江帆, 张杰, 侯洵 2000 49 1202]
[38] Zhou J, Peatross J, Murnane M M, Kapteyn H C, Christov I P 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 752
[39] Remington B A, Drake R P, Takabe H, Arnett D 1999 Phys. Plasmas 7 1641
[40] Clark E L, Krushelnick K, Zepf M, Beg F N, Tatarakis M, Machacek A, Santala M I, Watts I, Norreys P A, Dangor A E 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 1654
[41] Zhang J, Hao Z Q, Yuan X H, Zheng Z Y, Zhang Z, Yu J 2006 Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics 23 282 (in Chinese) [张杰, 郝作强, 远晓辉, 郑志远, 张喆, 俞进 2006 量子电子学报 23 282]
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