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新型微结构气体探测器，如气体电子倍增器（gas electron multiplier，GEM）等，具有非常好的位置分辨率潜力（100 m），但是需要匹配大规模高密度的读出电子学，给探测器的建设、造价、功耗、空间利用等带来极大压力.阻性阳极读出方法可以在保持较高位置分辨率的前提下，大幅节省电子学.基于厚膜电阻工艺，一种新的阻性单元阵列结构被成功开发和应用于三级级联GEM探测器的读出阳极.该阻性阳极包括66个6 mm6 mm的基本阻性单元，仅需匹配49路读出电子学.55Fe放射源（5.9 keV）和X光机（8 keV）实验的结果显示探测器的位置分辨率（）可好于80 m，位置非线性好于1.5%.同时，探测器还获得了很好的实物成像效果.探测器的优良性能表明这种阻性阳极读出方法适用于大面积二维成像气体探测器的读出，并可用于其他探测器的读出.The new type of micro-pattern gaseous detector (MPGD) like the gas electron multiplier (GEM), features the advantage of good spatial resolution ( 100 m). However, abundant and high density electronic channels are needed to obtain the high spatial resolution, which will lead to a great pressure on the detector construction, power consumption, spatial utilization, etc. The resistive anode readout method can help to obtain a good spatial resolution comparable to the pixel readout structure with an enormous reduction of the electronic channels. By using the thick film resistor technology, a new type of resistive structure, composed of high resistive square pad array with low resistive narrow border strips, is developed and applied to the readout anode of the triple GEM detector. For the resistive anode readout board used in the experiment, there are 66 resistive cells, which means that the detector needs only 49 electronics channels. To obtain a good spatial resolution, the cell size is set to be 6 mm6 mm. The surface resistivity of the pads and the strips are 150 k/□ and 1 k/□, respectively. The performances of the detector, especially the two-dimensional imaging performance, are studied by using a 55Fe (5.9 keV) source and an X ray tube (8 keV). The test results show that the spatial resolution of the detector is better than 80 m () by using the imaging of a 40 m wide slot, and the nonlinearity is better than 1.5% by the scanning along the x-axis of the readout board in the steps of 1 mm. Furthermore, quite a good two-dimensional imaging capability is achieved by the detector. These good performances of the detector show the feasibility of the resistive anode readout method for the GEM detector with large area and other detectors with similar structures in the two-dimensional imaging applications.
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Keywords:
- resistive anode readout /
- gas electron multiplier /
- two dimensional imaging /
- spatial resolution
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[3] Fan S N, Wang B, Qi H R, Liu M, Zhang Y L, Zhang J, Liu R G, Yi F T, Ouyang Q, Chen Y B 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 122901 (in Chinese)[范胜男, 王波, 祁辉荣, 刘梅, 张余炼, 张建, 刘荣光, 伊福廷, 欧阳群, 陈元柏2013 62 122901]
[4] Fan R R, Hou F J, Ouyang Q, Fan S N, Chen Y B, Yi F T 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 092901 (in Chinese)[樊瑞睿, 侯凤杰, 欧阳群, 范胜男, 陈元柏, 伊福廷2012 61 092901]
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[13] Lampton M, Carlson C W 1979 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50 1093
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[17] Wagner H, Orthen A, Besch H J, Martoiu S, Menk R H, Walenta A H, Werthenbach U 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 523 287
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[19] Ju X D, Dong M Y, Zhao Y C, Zhou C X, Ouyang Q 2016 Chin. Phys. C 40 086004
[20] Xiu Q L, Dong M Y, Liu R G, Zhang J, Ouyang Q, Chen Y B 2013 Chin. Phys. C 37 106002
[21] Ju X D 2016 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese)[鞠旭东2016博士学位论文(北京:中国科学院大学)]
[22] Zhao Y C, Dong M Y, Ju X D, Zhou C X, Ouyang Q, Zhao S J 2016 Nucl. Electron. Detect. Technol. 36 565 (in Chinese)[赵逸琛, 董明义, 鞠旭东, 周传兴, 欧阳群, 赵书俊2016核电子学与探测技术36 565]
[23] L X Y, Fan R R, Chen Y B, Ouyang Q, Liu R G, Liu P, Qi H R, Zhang J, Zhao P P, Zhao D X, Zhao Y B, Zhang H Y, Sheng H Y, Dong L Y 2012 Chin. Phys. C 36 228
[24] Zhu Y S 2006 Probability and Statistics in Experimental Physics (Beijing:The Science Publishing Company) p148(in Chinese)[朱永生2006实验物理中的概率和统计(北京:科学出版社)第148页]
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[1] Sauli F 1997 Nucl. Instrum.Meth. A 386 531
[2] Dong J, L X Y, Liu B, Liu R G, Ma X Y, Wang L, Chen Y B, Ouyang Q, Xie Y G 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 6029 (in Chinese)[董静, 吕新宇, 刘贲, 刘荣光, 马骁妍, 王岚, 陈元柏, 欧阳群, 谢一冈2010 59 6029]
[3] Fan S N, Wang B, Qi H R, Liu M, Zhang Y L, Zhang J, Liu R G, Yi F T, Ouyang Q, Chen Y B 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 122901 (in Chinese)[范胜男, 王波, 祁辉荣, 刘梅, 张余炼, 张建, 刘荣光, 伊福廷, 欧阳群, 陈元柏2013 62 122901]
[4] Fan R R, Hou F J, Ouyang Q, Fan S N, Chen Y B, Yi F T 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 092901 (in Chinese)[樊瑞睿, 侯凤杰, 欧阳群, 范胜男, 陈元柏, 伊福廷2012 61 092901]
[5] Yang H R, Hu B T, Duan L M, Xu H S, Li C Y, Li Z Y, Zhang X D 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2141 (in Chinese)[杨贺润, 胡碧涛, 段利敏, 徐瑚珊, 李春艳, 李祖玉, 张小东2008 57 2141]
[6] Shekhtman L 2002 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 494 128
[7] Maxim T 2013 Modern Phys. Lett. A 28 1340022
[8] Liu J B 2005 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese)[刘建北2005博士学位论文(北京:中国科学院大学)]
[9] Altunbas M C 2002 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 490 177
[10] Guedes G P, Breskin A, Chechik R, Vartsky D, Bar D, Barbosa A F, Marinho P R B 2003 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 513 473
[11] Zhang A W, Bhopatkar V, Hansen E, Hohlmann M, Khanal S, Phipps M, Starling E, Twigger J, Walton K 2016 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 811 30
[12] Doke T, Kikuchi J, Yamaguchi H, Yamaguchi S, Yamamura K 1987 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 261 605
[13] Lampton M, Carlson C W 1979 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50 1093
[14] Banu A, Li Y, McCleskey M, Bullough M, Walsh S, Gagliardi C A, Trache L, Tribble R E, Wilburn C 2008 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 593 399
[15] Sarvestani A, Besch H J, Junk M, Meissner W, Pavel N, Sauer N, Stiehler R, Walenta A H, Menk R H 2008 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 419 444
[16] Wagner H, Besch H J, Menk R H, Orthen A, Sarvestani A, Walenta A H, Walliser H 2002 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 482 334
[17] Wagner H, Orthen A, Besch H J, Martoiu S, Menk R H, Walenta A H, Werthenbach U 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 523 287
[18] Dong M Y, Xiu Q L, Liu R G, Zhang J, Ouyang Q, Chen Y B 2013 Chin. Phys. C 37 026002
[19] Ju X D, Dong M Y, Zhao Y C, Zhou C X, Ouyang Q 2016 Chin. Phys. C 40 086004
[20] Xiu Q L, Dong M Y, Liu R G, Zhang J, Ouyang Q, Chen Y B 2013 Chin. Phys. C 37 106002
[21] Ju X D 2016 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese)[鞠旭东2016博士学位论文(北京:中国科学院大学)]
[22] Zhao Y C, Dong M Y, Ju X D, Zhou C X, Ouyang Q, Zhao S J 2016 Nucl. Electron. Detect. Technol. 36 565 (in Chinese)[赵逸琛, 董明义, 鞠旭东, 周传兴, 欧阳群, 赵书俊2016核电子学与探测技术36 565]
[23] L X Y, Fan R R, Chen Y B, Ouyang Q, Liu R G, Liu P, Qi H R, Zhang J, Zhao P P, Zhao D X, Zhao Y B, Zhang H Y, Sheng H Y, Dong L Y 2012 Chin. Phys. C 36 228
[24] Zhu Y S 2006 Probability and Statistics in Experimental Physics (Beijing:The Science Publishing Company) p148(in Chinese)[朱永生2006实验物理中的概率和统计(北京:科学出版社)第148页]
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