表层厚度渐变一维耦合腔光子晶体的反射相位特性及其应用

戚志明; 梁文耀

doi:10.7498/aps.65.074201

摘要

利用传输矩阵法研究了表层厚度渐变的一维非对称耦合腔光子晶体的反射相位特性. 研究表明, 光子禁带内(包括缺陷模附近)的反射率在98%以上, 且基本不受表层厚度影响, 特别是, 在非正入射情况下, 简并的缺陷模随着表层厚度的变化会发生分裂; 进一步研究发现, 在缺陷模分裂处附近, TE, TM偏振的反射相位以及它们之间的相位差均敏感地依赖于表层厚度的变化, 从而使得反射光的偏振态也随表层厚度的变化而敏感变化, 其物理机理在于缺陷模分裂所造成的剧烈相位变化. 基于上述特性, 设计了一种表层厚度呈二维周期变化的一维光子晶体结构, 从该结构反射的激光经透镜聚焦后, 在聚焦区域同时存在各种偏振态(包括沿不同方向的线偏振、左旋或右旋圆偏振、椭圆偏振等)的子光束, 它们叠加后在聚焦区域将产生具有无规相位和无规偏振态的光场. 以上结果能有效降低激光的相干性, 在激光核聚变等领域有潜在的应用价值.

关键词:

光子晶体 /
传输矩阵法 /
相位 /
偏振

Abstract

In this paper, we first improve the traditional transfer matrix method to adapt to one-dimensional photonic crystal consisting of arbitrary materials, and then use it to study the reflection phase characteristics of two kinds of photonic crystals, i.e., a simple periodic photonic crystal structure and a coupled-cavity asymmetric photonic crystal with gradually changed thickness of surface layer. For both of the structures, the reflectivity within photonic band gap is above 98% and hardly affected by the thickness of the surface layer. However, their reflection phases exhibit distinctly different properties. For the simple photonic crystal structure, the reflection phases of both TE and TM polarizations are sensitively dependent on the thickness of surface layer, but their phase difference is almost the same as the thickness of surface layer varies, which cannot change the polarization of reflected light. While for the coupled-cavity asymmetric photonic crystal structure, studies show that the degenerate defect modes within photonic band gap will split as the thickness of the surface layer varies. Moreover, around the splitting defect modes the reflection phases of both TE and TM polarizations, as well as their phase difference, are sensitively dependent on the thickness of surface layer, resulting in sensitive polarization change of reflected light. The physical reason is attributed to the dramatic phase change caused by the splitting of degenerate defect modes. The above reflection phase characteristics of coupled-cavity asymmetric photonic crystals have potential in lowering or even eliminating the coherence of lasers in some special application cases. As an example, we design a one-dimensional photonic crystal structure with two-dimensional periodic varying thickness of surface layer. After an oblique incident narrowband laser beam is reflected from this structure and then focused by a lens, various polarized light beams (including linear polarized light beams along different directions, left-hand (or right-hand) circular (or elliptical) polarized light beams) will exist simultaneously, whose superposition will produce optical field with random phase and polarizations in the focal region. These results can effectively reduce the coherence of lasers, which holds promise in many fields such as laser nuclear fusion.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

戚志明¹,
梁文耀²

1.
广东开放大学, 广东理工职业学院, 广州 510091;

2.
华南理工大学物理与光电学院, 广州 510640

通信作者: 梁文耀, liangwenyao@scut.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11504114, 11247253)、国家留学基金、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(批准号: 2015ZZ056)和广东开放大学2015 年度科研项目(批准号: 1513)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Qi Zhi-Ming¹,
Liang Wen-Yao²

1.
The Open University of Guangdong and Guangdong Polytechnic Institute, Guangzhou 510091, China;

2.
School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China

Corresponding author: Liang Wen-Yao, liangwenyao@scut.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11504114, 11247253), the China Scholarship Council, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. 2015ZZ056), and the Research Project of The Open University of Guangdong in 2015, China (Grant No. 1513).

参考文献

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[11]	Li W, Zhang X, Lin X, Jiang X 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 4486
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[13]	Bao Y J, Li S G, Zhang W, An G W, Fan Z K 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 104218
[14]	Gao Y H, Xu X S 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 114205
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[17]	Yang X, Yu M, Kwong D L, Wong C W 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 173902
[18]	Wu K S, Dong J W, Wang H Z 2008 Appl. Phys. B 91 145
[19]	Liang W Y, Xu Z H, Liang J K, Chen Y J 2013 Chin. J. Quantum Electron. 30 250 (in Chinese) [梁文耀, 徐梓浩, 梁俊铿, 陈亿菁 2013 量子电子学报 30 250]
[20]	Zhang W, Liu J, Huang W P, Zhao W 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 2676
[21]	Liang W Y, Yin M, Li C, Yin C P, Wang H Z 2013 J. Opt. 15 035101
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施引文献

[1]	Kato Y, Mima K, Miyanaga N, Arinaga S, Kitagawa Y, Nakatsuka M 1984 Phys. Rev. Lett. 53 1057
[2]	Wang L, Tschudi T, Halldrsson T, Petursson P R 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 1770
[3]	Ghofraniha N, Viola I, Maria F D, Barbarella G, Gigli G, Conti C 2013 Laser Photon. Rev. 7 432
[4]	Meja-Salazar J R, Porras-Montenegro N 2015 Superlattice. Microst. 80 118
[5]	Wang H, Sha W, Huang Z X, Wu X L, Shen J 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 184210 (in Chinese) [王辉, 沙威, 黄志祥, 吴先良, 沈晶 2014 63 184210]
[6]	Liu Q N 2013 Chin. J. Lasers 40 0806001 (in Chinese) [刘启能 2013 中国激光 40 0806001]
[7]	Xu H Z, Zhong R H, Wang X L, Huang X 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 4534
[8]	Wang X, Gao W, Hung J, Tam W Y 2014 Appl. Opt. 53 2425
[9]	Zhu Q G, Dong X Y, Wang C F, Wang N, Chen W D 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 034209 (in Chinese) [朱奇光, 董昕宇, 王春芳, 王宁, 陈卫东 2015 64 034209]
[10]	Liang W Y, Chen W H, Yin M, Yin C P 2014 J. Opt. 16 065101
[11]	Li W, Zhang X, Lin X, Jiang X 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 4486
[12]	Liang W Y, Liu X M, Yin M 2013 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 46 495109
[13]	Bao Y J, Li S G, Zhang W, An G W, Fan Z K 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 104218
[14]	Gao Y H, Xu X S 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 114205
[15]	Baba T 2008 Nat. Photon. 2 465
[16]	Winful H G 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 023901
[17]	Yang X, Yu M, Kwong D L, Wong C W 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 173902
[18]	Wu K S, Dong J W, Wang H Z 2008 Appl. Phys. B 91 145
[19]	Liang W Y, Xu Z H, Liang J K, Chen Y J 2013 Chin. J. Quantum Electron. 30 250 (in Chinese) [梁文耀, 徐梓浩, 梁俊铿, 陈亿菁 2013 量子电子学报 30 250]
[20]	Zhang W, Liu J, Huang W P, Zhao W 2009 Opt. Lett. 34 2676
[21]	Liang W Y, Yin M, Li C, Yin C P, Wang H Z 2013 J. Opt. 15 035101
[22]	Zhang X, Chen Y 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 2704
[23]	Born M, Wolf E (Translated by Yang X S et al.) 2005 Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light (7th Ed.) (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) pp49-59 (in Chinese) [玻恩 M, 沃耳夫 E 著(杨葭荪等译) 2005 光学原理 (第7版) (电子工业出版社) 第49-59页]

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