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研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在双势阱中随着能级差绝热循环变化而发生的绝热隧穿.发现当相互作用较强且初态选择为凝聚体全部置于较浅势阱时,演化过程破坏绝热定理,而演化结果有可能回到初态,也有可能不回到初态,取决于演化周期的选择;另外还发现演化过程表现出对初态选择的依赖,具有不对称的特征.利用能级图和相图,对上述现象给出了解释.
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关键词:
- 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 /
- Landau-Zener模型 /
- 绝热隧穿
We studied the adiabatic tunneling of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in double-well potential with circle adiabatic variation of energy level spacing. We found that the adiabatic theorem is violated during the evolution of BEC, when the initial state is chosen such that all condensate atoms are in the shallow well and the interaction between atoms is strong enough. Furthermore, we found that the condensates can return to the initial state or not, depending on the evolution periods. In addition, we also found the evolution is dependent on the choice of initial state, which indicates an asymmetric character. With the help of the graph of energy levels and the phase diagram, we explained the results obtained.-
Keywords:
- Bose-Einstein condensates /
- Landau-Zener model /
- adiabatic tunneling
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[2] Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Giovanazzi S, Shenoy S R 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 4950
[3] Raghavan S, Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Shenoy S R 1999 Phys. Rev. A 59 620
[4] Albiez M, Gati R, Folling J, Hunsmann S, Cristiani M, Oberthaler M K 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 010402
[5] Cataliotti F S, Burger S, Fort C, Maddaloni P, Minardi F, Trombettoni A. Smerrzi A, Inguscio M 2001 Science 293 843
[6] Shin Y, Saba M, Schirotzek A, Pasquini T A, Leanhardt A E, Pritchard D E, Ketterle W 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 150401
[7] Zollner S, Meyer H D, Schmelcher P 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 013621
[8] Fang Y C, Yang Z A, Yang L Y 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 661 (in Chinese) [房永翠、杨志安、杨丽云 2008 57 661]
[9] Adhikari S K, Lu H, Pu H 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 063607
[10] Li G Q, Chen H J, Xue J K 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1449 (in Chinese) [李高清、陈海军、薛具奎 2010 59 1449]
[11] Ma Y, Fu L B, Yang Z A, Liu J 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5623 (in Chinese) [马 云、傅立斌、杨志安、刘 杰 2006 55 5623]
[12] Wu B, Niu Q 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 023402
[13] Liu J, Fu L B, Ou B Y, Chen S G, Choi D, Wu B, Niu Q 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 023404
[14] Liu J, Wu B, Niu Q 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 170404
[15] Wang G F, Ye D F, Fu L B, Chen X Z, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 033414
[16] Ishkhanyan A, Mackie M, Carmichael A, Gould P L, Javan-ainen J 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 043612
[17] Duan S Q, Fu L B, Liu J, Zhao X G 2005 Phys. Lett. A 346 315
[18] Ye D F, Fu L B, Zhao H, Liu J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5071 (in Chinese) [叶地发、傅立斌、赵 鸿、刘 杰 2007 56 5071]
[19] Nesterenko V O, Novikov A N, Cherny A Y, Cruz F F S, Suraud E 2009 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 42 235303
[20] Wu L H, Duan W S 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 4110
[21] Wang S, Yang Z A 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3699 (in Chinese) [王 沙、杨志安 2009 58 3699]
[22] Wang S, Yang Z A 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 729 (in Chinese) [王 沙、杨志安 2009 58 729]
[23] Wang G F, Liu B, Fu L B, Zhao H 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3733 (in Chinese) [王冠芳、刘 彬、傅立斌、赵 鸿 2007 56 3733]
[24] Xi Y D, Wang D L, Ding J W, She Y C, Wang F J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 3720 (in Chinese) [奚玉东、王登龙、丁建文、佘彦超、王凤姣 2010 59 3720]
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[1] Dalfovo F, Giorgini S, Pitaevskii L P, Stringari S 1999 Rev. Mod. Phys. 71 463
[2] Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Giovanazzi S, Shenoy S R 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 4950
[3] Raghavan S, Smerzi A, Fantoni S, Shenoy S R 1999 Phys. Rev. A 59 620
[4] Albiez M, Gati R, Folling J, Hunsmann S, Cristiani M, Oberthaler M K 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 010402
[5] Cataliotti F S, Burger S, Fort C, Maddaloni P, Minardi F, Trombettoni A. Smerrzi A, Inguscio M 2001 Science 293 843
[6] Shin Y, Saba M, Schirotzek A, Pasquini T A, Leanhardt A E, Pritchard D E, Ketterle W 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 150401
[7] Zollner S, Meyer H D, Schmelcher P 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 013621
[8] Fang Y C, Yang Z A, Yang L Y 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 661 (in Chinese) [房永翠、杨志安、杨丽云 2008 57 661]
[9] Adhikari S K, Lu H, Pu H 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 063607
[10] Li G Q, Chen H J, Xue J K 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1449 (in Chinese) [李高清、陈海军、薛具奎 2010 59 1449]
[11] Ma Y, Fu L B, Yang Z A, Liu J 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5623 (in Chinese) [马 云、傅立斌、杨志安、刘 杰 2006 55 5623]
[12] Wu B, Niu Q 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 023402
[13] Liu J, Fu L B, Ou B Y, Chen S G, Choi D, Wu B, Niu Q 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 023404
[14] Liu J, Wu B, Niu Q 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 170404
[15] Wang G F, Ye D F, Fu L B, Chen X Z, Liu J 2006 Phys. Rev. A 74 033414
[16] Ishkhanyan A, Mackie M, Carmichael A, Gould P L, Javan-ainen J 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 043612
[17] Duan S Q, Fu L B, Liu J, Zhao X G 2005 Phys. Lett. A 346 315
[18] Ye D F, Fu L B, Zhao H, Liu J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5071 (in Chinese) [叶地发、傅立斌、赵 鸿、刘 杰 2007 56 5071]
[19] Nesterenko V O, Novikov A N, Cherny A Y, Cruz F F S, Suraud E 2009 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 42 235303
[20] Wu L H, Duan W S 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 4110
[21] Wang S, Yang Z A 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3699 (in Chinese) [王 沙、杨志安 2009 58 3699]
[22] Wang S, Yang Z A 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 729 (in Chinese) [王 沙、杨志安 2009 58 729]
[23] Wang G F, Liu B, Fu L B, Zhao H 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3733 (in Chinese) [王冠芳、刘 彬、傅立斌、赵 鸿 2007 56 3733]
[24] Xi Y D, Wang D L, Ding J W, She Y C, Wang F J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 3720 (in Chinese) [奚玉东、王登龙、丁建文、佘彦超、王凤姣 2010 59 3720]
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