蓝光钙钛矿发光二极管: 机遇与挑战

段聪聪; 程露; 殷垚; 朱琳

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20190745

摘要

基于金属卤化物钙钛矿材料制备的发光二极管(LED)发展迅速, 短短五年内, 近红外、红光和绿光钙钛矿发光器件的外量子效率均超过了20%, 在显示与照明领域展示出很好的应用前景. 然而, 蓝光钙钛矿LED的性能相对较差, 制约了钙钛矿LED在全色显示领域的应用. 目前, 实现钙钛矿蓝光主要有两种方式, 一种是基于卤素掺杂的组分工程, 另一种是基于量子限域效应的维度调控. 本文主要介绍了基于这两种方法的蓝光钙钛矿LED的发展历程, 讨论了蓝光钙钛矿LED面临的主要问题, 并对如何提升蓝光钙钛矿LED性能进行展望.

关键词:

Abstract

The great progress of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been made based on perovskites, and the external quantum efficiency of near infrared, red and green devices have reached > 20%, exhibiting their great potential applications in lighting and displays. However, the performance of blue perovskite LEDs is very poor, thus limiting their applications in the field of full-color displays. The blue perovskite LEDs can be achieved through mixed halides or quantum confinement effect. In this paper, we review the research progress of blue perovskite LEDs based on these two strategies, discuss the challenges to achieve high-performance perovskite LEDs and present our perspectives.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

南京工业大学先进材料研究院, 南京　210009

通信作者: 殷垚, iamyyin@njtech.edu.cn ; 朱琳, iamlzhu@njtech.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 21601085)和江苏省自然科学基金(批准号: BK20161008)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 210009, China

Corresponding author: Yin Yao, iamyyin@njtech.edu.cn ; Zhu Lin, iamlzhu@njtech.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21601085) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20161008).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 实现蓝光钙钛矿方法的示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the method to achieve blue perovskites.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 三维蓝光钙钛矿LED^[14]　(a)电流密度-电压-亮度; (b)不同电压下的电致发光(EL)光谱; (c)器件稳定性

Fig. 2. Characterization of blue LEDs based on 3D perovskites^[14]: (a) Current-voltage-luminance; (b) normalized electroluminance (EL) spectra of device under various voltages; (c) lifetime characteristics of device.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 量子点蓝光钙钛矿LED^[16]　(a)器件能级结构图; (b) EL光谱; (c)电流密度-电压-亮度; (d) EQE-电流密度

Fig. 3. Characterization of blue LEDs fabricated with nanocrystals of varying Mn content^[16]: (a) Device structure; (b) normalized EL spectra; (c) current-voltage-luminance; (d) external quantum efficiency (EQE)-current density.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 单卤素多量子阱天蓝光钙钛矿LED^[18]　(a)不同电压下的EL光谱; (b)连续工作条件下的EL光谱; (c)不同初始亮度条件下器件的寿命

Fig. 4. Characterization of blue LEDs based on single-halide MQW perovskites^[18]: (a) EL spectra of perovskite LEDs operating under different voltages; (b) EL spectra of device operating with various exposure time; (c) lifetime measurement of devices at different initial luminance.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 光谱稳定的单卤素多量子阱蓝光钙钛矿LED^[19]　(a)在4.5 V电压连续工作条件下器件的EL光谱; (b) 4.5 V电压连续工作条件下器件的稳定性

Fig. 5. Spectra stable blue LED based on single-halide MQW perovskites^[19]: (a) EL spectrum under a constant applied voltage of 4.5 V as a function of time; (b) lifetime of device at a constant voltage of 4.5 V.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 混合卤素多量子阱蓝光钙钛矿LED　(a)发光区域调控示意图; (b)不同PEDOT:PSS厚度器件的电流密度-电压-亮度; (c)不同PEDOT:PSS厚度器件的EQE-电流密度; (d) 4.4 V电压连续工作条件下器件的稳定性; (e)不同电压下器件的EL光谱; (f) 4.4 V电压连续工作条件下器件的EL光谱^[11]

Fig. 6. Characterization of blue LEDs based on mixed-halide MQW perovskites: (a) Schematic diagram of the modulation of recombination zone position; (b) current-voltage-luminance; (c) characterization of EQE versus current density; (d) lifetime of device at a constant voltage of 4.4 V; (e) initial EL spectrum under different applied voltages; (f) EL spectrum under a constant applied voltage of 4.4 V as a function of time^[11].

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 蓝光钙钛矿发光二极管研究进展

Table 1. Research progress of blue perovskite LEDs.

Perovskites	EL peak/nm	Peak EQE/%	Luminance/cd·m^–2	Ref.
CH₃NH₃Pb(Br_0.36Cl_0.64)₃	482	—	1.7	[13]
CH₃NH₃Pb(Br_0.4Cl_0.6)₃	～ 480	—	—	[12]
Cs₁₀(MA_0.17FA_0.83)_(100–x)PbCl_1.5Br_1.5	475	1.7	3567	[14]
CsPb(Cl/Br)₃ QDs	455	0.07	742	[15]
CsMn_yPb_1–yBr_xCl_3–x QDs	466	2.12	245	[16]
(4-PBA)-CsPbBr₃ MQWs	435, 466, 491	0.015	186	[10]
POEA-CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ MQWs	480, 494, 508	1.1	19.25	[17]
(IPA/PEA)-(MA/Cs)PbBr₃ MQWs	490	1.5	2480	[18]
PBA-CsPbBr_3–xCl_x MQWs	473/481	0.16/0.25	217/509	[20]
PEA-CsPbBr_2.1Cl_0.9 MQWs	480	5.7	3780	[11]
BA-CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ MQWs	465	2.4	962	[21]
PEA-(Rb/Cs)PbBr₃ MQWs	475	1.35	100.6	[19]

下载: 导出CSV

map

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[2]	Tan Z K, Moghaddam R S, Lai M L, Docampo P, Higler R, Deschler F, Price M, Sadhanala A, Pazos L M, Credgington D, Hanusch F, Bein T, Snaith H J, Friend R H 2014 Nat. Nanotechnol. 9 687 Google Scholar
[3]	Wang J, Wang N, Jin Y, Si J, Tan Z K, Du H, Cheng L, Dai X, Bai S, He H, Ye Z, Lai M L, Friend R H, Huang W 2015 Adv. Mater. 27 2311 Google Scholar
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[18]	Xing J, Zhao Y, Askerka M, Quan L N, Gong X, Zhao W, Zhao J, Tan H, Long G, Gao L, Yang Z, Voznyy O, Tang J, Lu Z H, Xiong Q, Sargent E H 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 3541 Google Scholar
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[20]	Wang K H, Peng Y, Ge J, Jiang S, Zhu B S, Yao J, Yin Y C, Yang J N, Zhang Q, Yao H B 2019 ACS Photon. 6 667 Google Scholar
[21]	Vashishtha P, Ng M, Shivarudraiah S B, Halpert J E 2019 Chem. Mater. 31 83 Google Scholar
[22]	Gangishetty M K, Hou S, Quan Q, Congreve D N 2018 Adv. Mater. 30 1706226 Google Scholar
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[26]	Li G, Rivarola F W R, Davis N J L K, Bai S, Jellicoe T C, de la Peña F, Hou S, Ducati C, Gao F, Friend R H, Greenham N C, Tan Z K 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 3528 Google Scholar
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[20]	赵尚弘, 陈国夫, 赵卫, 王屹山, 于连君, 常琳. 高效全固体脉冲蓝光系统实验研究. , 2000, 49(7): 1273-1276. doi: 10.7498/aps.49.1273

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