动态背景下基于光流场分析的运动目标检测算法

崔智高; 王华; 李艾华; 王涛; 李辉

doi:10.7498/aps.66.084203

摘要

针对现有动态背景下运动目标检测算法的不足，提出一种基于光流场分析的运动目标检测算法. 首先根据前背景在光流梯度幅值和光流矢量方向上的差异确定目标的大致边界，然后通过点在多边形内部原理获得边界内部的稀疏像素点，最后以超像素为节点，利用混合高斯模型拟合的表观信息和超像素的时空邻域关系构建马尔可夫随机场模型的能量函数，并通过使目标函数能量最小化得到最终的运动目标检测结果. 该算法不需要任何先验假设，能够同时处理动态背景和静态背景两种情况. 多组实验结果表明，本文算法在检测的准确性和处理速度上均优于现有算法.

关键词:

Abstract

To overcome the limitation of existing algorithms for detecting moving objects from the dynamic scenes, a foreground detection algorithm based on optical flow field analysis is proposed. Firstly, the object boundary information is determined by detecting the differences in optical flow gradient magnitude and optical flow vector direction between foreground and background. Then, the pixels inside the objects are obtained based on the point-in-polygon problem from computational geometry. Finally, the superpixels per frame are acquired by over-segmenting method. And taking the superpixels as nodes, the Markov Random field model is built, in which the appearance information fitted by Gaussian Mixture Model is combined with spatiotemporal constraints of each superpixel. The final foreground detection result is obtained by finding the minimum value of the energy function. The proposed algorithm does not need any priori assumptions, and can effectively realize the moving object detection in dynamic and stationary background. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the existing state-of-the-art algorithms in the detection accuracy, robustness and time consuming.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
火箭军工程大学, 西安 710025;

2.
清华大学自动化系, 北京 100084

通信作者: 崔智高, cuizg10@tsinghua.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：61501470）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
The Rocket Force of Engineering University, Xi'an 710025, China;

2.
Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Corresponding author: Cui Zhi-Gao, cuizg10@tsinghua.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61501470).

参考文献

[1]	Radke R, Andra S, Kofahi A, Roysam B 2005 IEEE Trans. Image Process. 14 294
[2]	Ren Y, Chua C, Ho Y 2003 Mach. Vision Appl. 13 332
[3]	Sheikh Y, Javed O, Kanade T 2009 Conference. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR) Miami, USA, June 20-25, 2009 p1219
[4]	Chen L, Zhu S, Li X 2015 International Symposium on Computers Informatics Beijing, China, January 17-18, 2015 p742
[5]	Bi G L, Xu Z J, Chen T, Wang J L, Zhang Y S 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 150701 (in Chinese) [毕国玲, 续志军, 陈涛, 王建立, 张延坤 2015 64 150701]
[6]	Sun S W, Wang Y F, Huang F, Liao H Y 2013 J. Visual. Commun. Image Represent 24 232
[7]	Li A H, Cui Z G 2016 Moving Object Detection in Videos (Beijing: Science Press) p15 (in Chinese) [李艾华, 崔智高 2016 视频序列运动目标检测技术 (北京: 科学出版社) 第15页]
[8]	Lee Y, Kim J, Grauman K 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision(ICCV) Barcelona, Spain, November 6-13, 2011 p1995
[9]	Li W T, Chang H S, Lien K C, Chang H T, Wang Y C 2011 IEEE Trans. Image Proc. 22 2600
[10]	Zhang D, Javed O, Shah M 2013 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR) Oregon, Portland, June 25-27, 2013 p682
[11]	Elqursh A, Elgammal A 2012 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012 p228
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[13]	Cui Z G, Li A H, Feng G Y 2015 Journal of Computer-Aided Design Computer Graphics 27 621 (in Chinese) [崔智高, 李艾华, 冯国彦 2015 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报 27 621]
[14]	Wang J, Adelson E 1994 IEEE Trans. Image Process. 3 625
[15]	Cremers D, Soatto S 2004 Int. J. Comput Vison 62 249
[16]	Yoon S, Park S, Kang S 2005 Pattern Recognit. Lett. 26 2221
[17]	Adhyapak S, Kehtarnavaz N, Nadin M 2007 J. Electron. Imaging 16 13012
[18]	Di S, Mattoccia S, Tombari F 2005 International Workshop on Computer Architecture for Machine Perception Palermo, Italy, July 4-6, 2005 p193
[19]	Bouguet J 2001 Intel Corporation 5 10
[20]	Brox T, Malik J 2010 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010 p282
[21]	Achanta R, Shaji A, Smith K 2012 IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 34 2274
[22]	Achanta R, Shaji A 2010 EPFL Technical Report 1 149
[23]	Vazquez A, Avidan S, Pfister H 2010 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010 p268
[24]	Fulkerson B, Vedaldi A, Soatto S 2009 International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Kyoto, Japan, September 27-October 4, 2009 p670
[25]	Boykov Y, Veksler O, Zabih R 2001 IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 23 1222
[26]	Boykov Y, Funka L 2006 Int. J. Comput. Vison. 70 109
[27]	Tron R, Vidal R 2007 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Minneapolis, USA, June 18-23 2007 p1
[28]	Sand P, Teller S 2008 Int. J. Comput. Vison. 80 72
[29]	Goyette N, Jodoin P, Porikil F 2012 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) Providence, Rhode Island, June 16-21, 2012 p1
[30]	Cui X, Huang J, Zhang S, Metaxas D 2012 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012 p612
[31]	Sundaram N, Brox T, Keutzer K 2010 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010 p438

施引文献

[1]	Radke R, Andra S, Kofahi A, Roysam B 2005 IEEE Trans. Image Process. 14 294
[2]	Ren Y, Chua C, Ho Y 2003 Mach. Vision Appl. 13 332
[3]	Sheikh Y, Javed O, Kanade T 2009 Conference. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR) Miami, USA, June 20-25, 2009 p1219
[4]	Chen L, Zhu S, Li X 2015 International Symposium on Computers Informatics Beijing, China, January 17-18, 2015 p742
[5]	Bi G L, Xu Z J, Chen T, Wang J L, Zhang Y S 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 150701 (in Chinese) [毕国玲, 续志军, 陈涛, 王建立, 张延坤 2015 64 150701]
[6]	Sun S W, Wang Y F, Huang F, Liao H Y 2013 J. Visual. Commun. Image Represent 24 232
[7]	Li A H, Cui Z G 2016 Moving Object Detection in Videos (Beijing: Science Press) p15 (in Chinese) [李艾华, 崔智高 2016 视频序列运动目标检测技术 (北京: 科学出版社) 第15页]
[8]	Lee Y, Kim J, Grauman K 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision(ICCV) Barcelona, Spain, November 6-13, 2011 p1995
[9]	Li W T, Chang H S, Lien K C, Chang H T, Wang Y C 2011 IEEE Trans. Image Proc. 22 2600
[10]	Zhang D, Javed O, Shah M 2013 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR) Oregon, Portland, June 25-27, 2013 p682
[11]	Elqursh A, Elgammal A 2012 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012 p228
[12]	Gao W, Tang Y, Zhu M 2014 Acta Phys Sin. 63 094204 (in Chinese) [高文, 汤洋, 朱明 2014 63 094204]
[13]	Cui Z G, Li A H, Feng G Y 2015 Journal of Computer-Aided Design Computer Graphics 27 621 (in Chinese) [崔智高, 李艾华, 冯国彦 2015 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报 27 621]
[14]	Wang J, Adelson E 1994 IEEE Trans. Image Process. 3 625
[15]	Cremers D, Soatto S 2004 Int. J. Comput Vison 62 249
[16]	Yoon S, Park S, Kang S 2005 Pattern Recognit. Lett. 26 2221
[17]	Adhyapak S, Kehtarnavaz N, Nadin M 2007 J. Electron. Imaging 16 13012
[18]	Di S, Mattoccia S, Tombari F 2005 International Workshop on Computer Architecture for Machine Perception Palermo, Italy, July 4-6, 2005 p193
[19]	Bouguet J 2001 Intel Corporation 5 10
[20]	Brox T, Malik J 2010 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010 p282
[21]	Achanta R, Shaji A, Smith K 2012 IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 34 2274
[22]	Achanta R, Shaji A 2010 EPFL Technical Report 1 149
[23]	Vazquez A, Avidan S, Pfister H 2010 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010 p268
[24]	Fulkerson B, Vedaldi A, Soatto S 2009 International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Kyoto, Japan, September 27-October 4, 2009 p670
[25]	Boykov Y, Veksler O, Zabih R 2001 IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 23 1222
[26]	Boykov Y, Funka L 2006 Int. J. Comput. Vison. 70 109
[27]	Tron R, Vidal R 2007 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Minneapolis, USA, June 18-23 2007 p1
[28]	Sand P, Teller S 2008 Int. J. Comput. Vison. 80 72
[29]	Goyette N, Jodoin P, Porikil F 2012 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) Providence, Rhode Island, June 16-21, 2012 p1
[30]	Cui X, Huang J, Zhang S, Metaxas D 2012 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012 p612
[31]	Sundaram N, Brox T, Keutzer K 2010 European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010 p438

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