海杂波背景下小目标检测的分形方法

行鸿彦; 龚平; 徐伟

doi:10.7498/aps.61.160504

摘要

针对海杂波背景下小目标检测对海情依赖性强的问题, 本文采用分数布朗运动模型对实测海杂波建模, 结合多重分形去势波动分析法确定分形参数, 分析了海杂波的单尺度、多重分形特性. 在单尺度分形的基础上, 利用表征海杂波分形特征的分数维和Hurst指数构建了分形差量, 提出了基于分形差量的小目标检测方法;在多重分形基础上, 比较了两种海杂波的高尺度多重分形特性. 结果表明, 当尺度q 10时, 纯海杂波的多重分形参数H(q) 0, 而存在小目标的H(q) 0, 此差异性为高尺度分形参数的海杂波背景小目标检测提供了判定依据. 所研究的两种方法均能实现不同海情下的小目标检测.

关键词:

Abstract

Because the detecting of the small target in the background of sea clutter is strongly dependent on sea condition, in this article we use fractional Brownian motion to model IPIX sea clutter and combine multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) to determine the fractal parameters for analyzing fractal and multifractal property of IPIX sea clutter. Based on the fact that Hurst parameter and fractal dimension can reflect the fractal property of data, a new parameter named fractal differential which has difference when the sea clutter with or without target is defined, thereby solving the problem of small target in sea clutter background. By comparing the multifractal parameters of two sea clutter, the experimental results show that H(q) is a special value which is bigger than zero when the sea clutter has a small target but smaller than zero when the sea clutter has no target if q is bigger than ten. Another method is proposed by using the difference of H(q). Two methods in this article can solve the problem of strong dependence of detecting the small target in different sea conditions on sea condition.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
南京信息工程大学, 江苏省气象探测与信息处理重点实验室, 南京 210044;

2.
南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院, 南京 210044

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61072133) 和江苏省传感网与现代气象装备优势学科建设项目资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;

2.
College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61072133) and the Jiangsu Sensor Network and Modern Meteorological Equipment Preponderant Discipline Platform, China.

参考文献

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[31]	Flandrin P 1992 IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 38 910
[32]	Kantelhardt J W, Zschiegner S A, Koscielny B E 2002 Physica A 316 87
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施引文献

[1]	Duan G, Qian Y Y, Wang Z 2009 Sci. Technol. Inform. 35 863 (in Chinese) [段刚, 钱玉莹, 王哲 2009 科技信息 35 863]
[2]	Trunk G V, George S F 1970 IEEE Trans. Aero. Elec. Sys. 6 620
[3]	Fay F A, Clarke J, Peters R S 1977 Proceedings of the International Conference, London, England, October 25-28, 1977 p101
[4]	Nohara T J, Haykin S 1991 Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. 138 80
[5]	Haykin S, Heung H 1990 Appl. Phys. Lett. 56 593
[6]	Haykin S, Li X B 1995 Proc. IEEE 83 195
[7]	Haykin S, Puthusserypady S 1997 Chaos 7 777
[8]	Chen Y, Luo P F 2005 Rader Sci. Technol. 5 271 (in Chinese) [陈瑛, 罗鹏飞 2005 雷达科学与技术 5 271]
[9]	Hennessey G, Leung H, Drosopoulos A, Yip P C 2001 IEEE J Ocean Eng. 26 358
[10]	Jiang B, Wang H Q, Fu Y W 2007 Prog. Nat. Sci. 17 415 (in Chinese) [姜斌, 王宏强, 付耀文 2007 自然科学进展 17 415]
[11]	Xing H Y, Xu W 2007 Atca Phys. Sin. 56 3771 (in Chinese) [行鸿彦, 徐伟 2007 56 3771]
[12]	Xing H Y, Jin T L 2010 Atca Phys. Sin. 59 140 (in Chinese) [行鸿彦, 金天力 2010 59 140]
[13]	Unsworth C P, Cowper M R, McLaughlin S, Mulgrew B 2002 IEE Pro.: Radar Son. Nav. 149 105
[14]	Haykin S, Bakker R, Currie B W 2002 Proc. IEEE 90 860
[15]	Yu Z G, Vo A, Gong Z M, Long S C 2002 Chin. Phys. 11 1313
[16]	Han J J, Fu W J 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 010205
[17]	Yang X D, Ning X B, He A J, Dou S D 2008 Atca Phys. Sin. 57 1514 (in Chinese) [杨小冬, 宁新宝, 何爱军, 都思丹 2008 57 1514]
[18]	Zang B J, Shang P J 2007 Chin. Phys. 16 565
[19]	Lo T, Leung H, Litva J, Haykin S 1993 IEEE Proc. F 140 243
[20]	Hu J, Gao J B, Posner F L, Zheng Y, Tung W W 2006 Fractals 14 187
[21]	Hu J, Tung W W, Gao J B 2006 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 54 136
[22]	Gao J B, Yao K 2002 Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE Radar Conference Long Beach, USA, April 25-25, 2002 p500
[23]	Shi Z G, Zhou J X, Fu Q 2006 J. Sys. Simu. 18 2289 (in Chinese) [石志广, 周剑雄, 付强 2006 系统仿真学报 18 2289]
[24]	Xu X K, Liu X M, Chen X N 2007 J. D. M. U. 33 45 (in Chinese) [许小可, 柳晓鸣, 陈晓楠 2007 大连海事大学学报 33 45]
[25]	Xu X K 2010 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 58 1425
[26]	Guan J, Liu N B, Zhang J, Song J 2010 Signal Proc. 90 523
[27]	Jiang B, Wang H Q, Li X, Guo G R 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 3985 (in Chinese) [姜斌, 王宏强, 黎湘, 郭桂荣 2006 55 3985]
[28]	Xu W, Tang S T, Zhou X C 2007 Radar Ecm. 2 27 (in Chinese) [徐伟, 唐霜天, 周希辰 2007 雷达与对抗 2 27]
[29]	Mandelbrot B B, Ness J W V 1968 SIAM Rev. 10 422
[30]	Gao J B, Cao Y H, Tung W W, Hu J 2007 Multiscale Analysis of Complex Time Series: Integration of Chaos and Random Fractal Theory, and Beyond (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.) p79
[31]	Flandrin P 1992 IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 38 910
[32]	Kantelhardt J W, Zschiegner S A, Koscielny B E 2002 Physica A 316 87
[33]	Zhou Y, Leung Y, Yu Z G 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 090507
[34]	Yang P, Hou W, Feng G L 2008 Atca Phys. Sin. 57 5333 (in Chinese) [杨萍, 侯威, 封国林 2008 57 5333]

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