多粒子纠缠的保护方案

宗晓岚; 杨名

doi:10.7498/aps.65.080303

摘要

量子纠缠是量子信息的重要物理资源. 然而当量子系统与环境相互作用时, 会不可避免地产生消相干导致纠缠下降, 因此保护纠缠不受环境的影响具有重要意义. 振幅衰减是一种典型的衰减机制. 如果探测环境保证没有激发从系统中流出, 即视为对系统的一种弱测量. 本文基于局域脉冲序列和弱测量, 提出了一种可以保护多粒子纠缠不受振幅衰减影响的有效物理方案, 保护的对象是在量子通信和量子计算中发挥重要作用的Cluster态和Maximal slice态.

关键词:

Abstract

Entanglement is a vital resource for many quantum information processes. However, the unavoidable interaction between quantum system and its environment will lead to quantum decoherence. So protecting remote entanglement against decoherence is of great importance for realizing quantum information and quantum communication. In fact, there are many types of decoherences. Besides the depolarization and phase damping, amplitude damping is a typical decoherence mechanism. If we monitor the environments to guarantee that no excitation escapes from the system, the amplitude damping is modified into a weak measurement induced amplitude damping of the system. Amplitude damping decoherence can affect both single-qubit quantum states and multipartite entangled states. However, in most of previous quantum state protection schemes, the authors only pay attention to the single-qubit system or two-qubit system. Compared with bipartite entangled states, multipartite entangled states possess many advantages, but the entanglement property of multipartite entangled state is much more complicated than bipartite entanglement, so bipartite entanglement reversal (protection) scheme may not be suitable for multipartite case. Thus, in this paper, according to local pulse series and weak measurement, we propose an effective scheme for protecting two multipartite entangled states against amplitude damping, and these two multipartite states are Cluster state and Maximal slice (MS) state. Cluster state and MS state are two typical classes of multipartite entangled states, which play important roles in quantum computation and communication, respectively. These two states cannot be converted into each other with local operation and classical communication. Owing to its good operational and computable properties, here we choose negativity as a measure to quantify the multipartite entanglement. For the case of MS sate, no matter what the initial parameter is, when the local pulses are exerted on all qubits, the entanglement can be fixed around the entanglement of the initial state. Similarly, in the four-qubit cluster state case, if a series of flip operations is exerted on all qubits, it is shown that the multipartite entanglement can be recovered to the maximum 1.0. All these results show that this protocol can protect remote multipartite entanglement effectively. The physical mechanism behind this scheme is that the weak measurement combining with flip operation can balance the weight of different terms of the state, and move the entanglement toward the initial value. To summarize, our scheme is much simpler and feasible, which may warrant its experimental realization. Moreover, our scheme could be extended to protect other multipartite states.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

宗晓岚,
杨名

1.
安徽大学物理与材料科学学院, 合肥 230601

通信作者: 杨名, mingyang@ahu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11274010)和高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(批准号: 20113401110002)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Physics and Material Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China

Corresponding author: Yang Ming, mingyang@ahu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11274010) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20113401110002).

参考文献

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施引文献

[1]	Xue Z Y, Zhou J, Wang Z D 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 022320
[2]	Masanes L, Pironio S, Acn A 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 238
[3]	Bennett C H, Brassard G, Crpeau C, Jozsa R, Peres A, Wootters W K 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1895
[4]	Bouwmeester D, Pan J W, Mattle K, Eibl M, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A 1997 Nature 390 575
[5]	Kim Y H, Kulik S P, Shih Y 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 1370
[6]	Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2011 Nature Photon. 5 222
[7]	Xue Z Y 2010 J. Anhui Univ. 34 12
[8]	Steane A M 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 793
[9]	Lidar D A, Chuang I L, Whaley K B 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 2594
[10]	Kwiat P G, Berglund A J, Altepeter J B, White A G 2000 Science 290 498
[11]	Facchi P, Lidar D A, Pascazio S 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 183
[12]	Maniscalco S, Francica F, Zaffino R L, Zaffino R L, Gullo N L, Plastina F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 1937
[13]	Sun Q H, Yang M, Cao Z L 2011 J. Anhui Univ. 35 34
[14]	Viola L, Knill E, Lloyd S 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 2417
[15]	Koashi M, Ueda M 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 2598
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[17]	Katz N 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 200401
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[19]	Sun Q, Al-Amri M, Zubairy M S 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 033838
[20]	Sun Q, Al-Amri M, Davidovich L, Zubairy M S 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 052323
[21]	Kim Y S, Lee J C, Kwon O, Kim Y H 2012 Nature Phys. 8 117
[22]	Liao X P, Fang M F, Fang J S, Zhu Q Q 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 020304
[23]	Wang M J, Xia Y J 2015 Phys. Sin. 64 40303
[24]	Greenberger D M, Horne M A, Shimony A, Zeilinger A 1990 Am. J. Phys 58 1131
[25]	Dr W 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 020303
[26]	Briegel H J, Raussendorf R 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 910
[27]	Gao T, Yan F L, Li Y C 2008 Eur. Phys. Lett. 84 50001
[28]	Zhao Z, Chen Y A, Zhang A N, Yang T, Briegel H J, Pan J W 2004 Nature 430 54
[29]	Kempe J 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 910
[30]	Wang J, Zhang Q, Tang C J 2007 Commun. Theor. Phys. 48 637
[31]	Menicucci N C, Loock P V, Gu M, Weedbrook C, Ralph T C, Nielsen M A 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 110501
[32]	Ukai R, Iwata N, Shimokawa Y, Armstrong S C, Politi A, Yoshikawa J, van Peter L, Furusawa A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 240504
[33]	Vidal G, Werner R F 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 032314

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