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利用量子旋转场理论详细研究了从光晶格中释放的超冷玻色气体的空间密度-密度关联函数. 由于量子旋转场理论充分考虑了光晶格中冷原子气体的粒子数涨落和相位效应，该理论能有效应用于具有强相互作用的冷原子系统，从而光晶格处于超流态到绝缘态逐渐过渡过程中的超冷原子气体的关联特性在这一理论体系下都得到了很好的描述. 结果表明：随着超冷玻色气体逐渐从绝缘态向超流态过渡，其密度-密度关联图样中连续对角斜线也逐渐向分散的尖峰过渡，理论结果与目前实验观测到的结果符合. 除此以外，上述密度-密度关联的结果中还包含了超冷原子系统量子耗散效应，相关结论与目前已有的理论和实验一致.The density-density correlations of ultracold Bosons released from a two-dimensional square optical lattice are investigated based on the quantum phase field U (1) rotor field. With the effects of the particle number fluctuations and the phase degrees of freedom taken into consideration, the theory can be used to describe the cold atom system with strong interaction. Using this theory, the characteristics of ultracold atom gas in the process in which the superfluid state of optical lattice transits to insulating state, are well described. The results show that in the patterns of the density-density correlations, the continuous diagonal lines gradually transit to scattered peaks. The results match the experimental ones. In addition, the effects of the quantum depletion on the density-density correlation are also included in the result, and the relevant conclusions are also consistent with the existing theoretical and experimental results.
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Keywords:
- ultracold Bosonic gas /
- optical lattice /
- density-density correlations
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[2] Bloch I 2005 Nat. Phys. 1 23
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[25] Chen L M, Cao L, Wu D J 2005 Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 2500
[26] Schellekens M, Hoppeler R, Perrin A, Gomes J V, Boiron D, Aspect A, Westbrook C I 2005 Science 310 648
[27] Fölling S, Gerbier F, Widera A, Mandel O, Gericke T, Bloch I 2005 Nature 434 481
[28] Spielman I B, Phillips W D, Porto J V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 080404
[29] Rom T, Best T, Oosten D, Schneider U, Fölling S, Paredes B, Bloch I 2006 Nature 444 733
[30] Wang M Y, Liang J Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 060305
[31] Xu Z J, Liu X Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 120305 (in Chinese) [徐志君, 刘夏吟 2011 60 120305]
[32] Xu Z J, Li P H 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5607 (in Chinese) [徐志君, 李鹏华 2007 56 5607]
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[34] Teng F, XIe Z W 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 026701 (in Chinese) [藤斐, 谢征微 2013 62 026701]
[35] Toth E, Rey A M, Blakie P B 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 013627
[36] Hu Y H, Wang J Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 014203
[37] Xu Z J, Zhang D M, Liu X Y 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 010305
[38] Wu Z S, Zhang G 2009 Chin. Phys. Lett. 26 114208
[39] Kheruntsyan K V, Jaskula J C, Deuar P, Bonneau M, Partridge G B, Ruaudel J, Lopes R, Boiron D, Westbrook C I 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 260401
[40] Bouchoule I, Arzamasov M, Kheruntsyan K V, Gangardt D M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 033626
-
[1] Greiner M, Mandel O, Esslinger T Hansch T W, Bloch I 2002 Nature 415 39
[2] Bloch I 2005 Nat. Phys. 1 23
[3] Hen I, Rigol M 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 043634
[4] Xu Z J, Wang D M, Li Z 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3076 (in Chinese) [徐志君, 王冬梅, 李珍 2007 56 3076]
[5] Xu Z J, Chen C, Yang H S, Wu Q, Xiong H W 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 2835 (in Chinese) [徐志君, 程成, 杨欢耸, 武强, 熊宏伟 2004 53 2835]
[6] Jaksh D, Bruder C, Cira J I, Gardiner C W, Zoller P 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 3108
[7] Kampf A P, Zimanyi G T 1993 Phys. Rev. B 47 279
[8] Freeriks J K, Monien H 1996 Phys. Rev. B 53 2691
[9] Elstner N, Monien H 1999 Phys. Rev. B 59 12184
[10] Sheshadri K, Krishnamurthy H R, Pandit R, Ramakrishnan T V 1993 Europhys. Lett. 22 257
[11] Sengupta K, Dupuis N 2005 Phys. Rev. A 71 033629
[12] Spielman I B, Phillips W D, Porto J V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 080404
[13] Polak T P, Kopeć T K 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 094503
[14] Polak T P, Kopeć T K 2009 Annalen der Physik 17 947
[15] Polak T P, Kopeć T K 2009 J. Phys. B 42 095302
[16] Kopeć T K 2004 Phys. Rev. B 70 054518
[17] Polak T P, Kopeć T K 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 043612
[18] Polak T P, Kopeć T K 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 053613
[19] Zaleski T A 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 043611
[20] Polak T P, Zaleski T A 2012 Acta Phys. Pol. A 121 1312
[21] Zaleski T A, Polak T P 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 023607
[22] Capogrosso-Sansone B, Söyler S G, Prokof’ev N, Svistunov B 2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 015602
[23] Teichmann N, Hinrichs D, Holthaus M, Eckardt A 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 100503
[24] Li Y Y, Cheng M T, Zhou H J, Liu S D, Wang Q Q 2005 Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 2960
[25] Chen L M, Cao L, Wu D J 2005 Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 2500
[26] Schellekens M, Hoppeler R, Perrin A, Gomes J V, Boiron D, Aspect A, Westbrook C I 2005 Science 310 648
[27] Fölling S, Gerbier F, Widera A, Mandel O, Gericke T, Bloch I 2005 Nature 434 481
[28] Spielman I B, Phillips W D, Porto J V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 080404
[29] Rom T, Best T, Oosten D, Schneider U, Fölling S, Paredes B, Bloch I 2006 Nature 444 733
[30] Wang M Y, Liang J Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 060305
[31] Xu Z J, Liu X Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 120305 (in Chinese) [徐志君, 刘夏吟 2011 60 120305]
[32] Xu Z J, Li P H 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5607 (in Chinese) [徐志君, 李鹏华 2007 56 5607]
[33] Huang J S, Chen H F, Xie Z W 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 3435 (in Chinese) [黄劲松, 陈海峰, 谢征微 2008 57 3435]
[34] Teng F, XIe Z W 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 026701 (in Chinese) [藤斐, 谢征微 2013 62 026701]
[35] Toth E, Rey A M, Blakie P B 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 013627
[36] Hu Y H, Wang J Q 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 014203
[37] Xu Z J, Zhang D M, Liu X Y 2011 Chin. Phys. Lett. 28 010305
[38] Wu Z S, Zhang G 2009 Chin. Phys. Lett. 26 114208
[39] Kheruntsyan K V, Jaskula J C, Deuar P, Bonneau M, Partridge G B, Ruaudel J, Lopes R, Boiron D, Westbrook C I 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 260401
[40] Bouchoule I, Arzamasov M, Kheruntsyan K V, Gangardt D M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 033626
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