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车辆的横向偏移现象在现实的交通流中广泛存在, 交通瓶颈处的横向偏移现象往往更加显著. 车辆间横纵向的运动相互干扰, 使得瓶颈交通流组织十分混乱, 通行能力受到显著影响. 为了研究瓶颈处车辆横纵向行为规律及其对交通流的影响, 提出一个考虑横向偏移特征的车辆行为模型: 通过引入目标转向角概念,并结合经典优化速度模型, 给出了用于描述车辆的横纵向运动规律的运动方程, 同时通过分析车辆横向偏移特征, 制定了基于车辆行驶状态划分的目标转向角确定规则集. 数值模拟结果表明: 车辆的横向偏移会对交通流的运行产生影响, 在一定的横向偏移反应阈值下, 瓶颈处横向干扰于交通流的影响随着密度的增加而增加; 同时观察到了实际城市交通瓶颈的宏观及微观现象, 验证了模型的有效性.Microscopic traffic models are developed to simulate traffic phenomena. However, current models are usually based on the fact that vehicles travel in the middle of a single lane and make a lateral movement only when the driver wants to change lane. They are incapable of describing driving behavior in a complex traffic environment with a lot of lateral separations which may cause traffic flow to be unstable on a single lane. In order to solve the problem, in this paper we first build up the equations of motion based on target steering angle (TSA) and then establish a series of rules for determining TSA by considering the lateral separation characteristics between the follower and the leader. Finally a new vehicular behavior model is developed. The properties of the model are investigated by simulating two scenarios. It is found that the proposed model is capable of describing complex phenomena which cannot be described by existing models and explaining the perturbation caused by bus near bus stations. The results also imply that this model with taking the lateral separation characteristic into account greatly enhances the effectiveness of vehicular behavior.
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Keywords:
- traffic flow /
- bottleneck /
- vehicle behavior /
- lateral separation characteristic
[1] He S, Guan W, Song L Y 2010 Physica A 389 825
[2] Laval J A, Leclercq L 2010 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368 4519
[3] Kerner B S 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 046138
[4] Siebel F, Mauser W, Moutari S, Rascle M 2009 Mathematical and Compute Modelling 49 689
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[6] Jiang R, Wu Q S, Wang B H 2002 Phy. Rev. E 66 036104
[7] Fouladvand E M, Zeinab S, Shaebani R M 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 046132
[8] Zhu H B, Lei L, Dai S Q 2009 Physica A 388 2903
[9] Sheng P, Zhao S L, Wang J F, Zuo H 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 3831 (in Chinese) [盛鹏, 赵树龙, 王俊峰, 左航 2010 59 3831]
[10] Lei L, Dong L Y, Song T, Dai S Q 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1711 (in Chinese) [雷丽, 董力耘, 宋涛, 戴世强2006 55 1711]
[11] Reusch B 1950 Oesterreichisches Ingenieur-Archir 4 193
[12] Pipes L A 1953 J. Appl. Phys. 24 274
[13] Newell G F 1961 Oper. Res. 9 209
[14] Bando M, Nakayama A, Sugiyama Y 1995 Phys. Rev. E 51 1035
[15] Helbing D, Tilch B 1998 Phys. Rev. E 58 133
[16] Jiang R, Wu Q S, Zhu Z J 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 017101
[17] Xue Y, Dong L Y, Yuan Y W, Dai S Q 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 492 (in Chinese) [薛郁, 董力耘, 袁以武, 戴世强 2002 51 492]
[18] Xue Y 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2750 (in Chinese) [薛郁 2003 52 2750]
[19] Xie D F, Gao Z Y, Zhao X M, Li K P 2009 Physica A 388 2041
[20] L W, Song W G, Fang Z M 2011 Physica A 390 2303
[21] Toledo T, Choudhury C, Ben-Akiva M 2005 Trans. Res. Record 1934 157
[22] Kesting A, Treiber M, Helbing D 2007 Trans. Res. Record 1999 86
[23] Yang X B 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 837 (in Chinese) [杨小宝 2009 58 837]
[24] Tang T Q, Huang H J, Gao Z Y 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 066124
[25] Jin S, Wang D H 2010 Physica A 389 4654
[26] Jin S, Wang D H 2011 Trans. Res. Record 2249 7
[27] Jin S, Wang D H 2012 Phys. Lett. A 376 153
[28] Reymond G, Kemeny A, Droulez J, Berthoz A 2001 Human Factors 43 483
[29] Gunay B 2007 Trans. Res. Part B 41 722
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[1] He S, Guan W, Song L Y 2010 Physica A 389 825
[2] Laval J A, Leclercq L 2010 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368 4519
[3] Kerner B S 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 046138
[4] Siebel F, Mauser W, Moutari S, Rascle M 2009 Mathematical and Compute Modelling 49 689
[5] Munoz J C, Daganzo C 2002 Trans. Res. Part B 36 483
[6] Jiang R, Wu Q S, Wang B H 2002 Phy. Rev. E 66 036104
[7] Fouladvand E M, Zeinab S, Shaebani R M 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 046132
[8] Zhu H B, Lei L, Dai S Q 2009 Physica A 388 2903
[9] Sheng P, Zhao S L, Wang J F, Zuo H 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 3831 (in Chinese) [盛鹏, 赵树龙, 王俊峰, 左航 2010 59 3831]
[10] Lei L, Dong L Y, Song T, Dai S Q 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1711 (in Chinese) [雷丽, 董力耘, 宋涛, 戴世强2006 55 1711]
[11] Reusch B 1950 Oesterreichisches Ingenieur-Archir 4 193
[12] Pipes L A 1953 J. Appl. Phys. 24 274
[13] Newell G F 1961 Oper. Res. 9 209
[14] Bando M, Nakayama A, Sugiyama Y 1995 Phys. Rev. E 51 1035
[15] Helbing D, Tilch B 1998 Phys. Rev. E 58 133
[16] Jiang R, Wu Q S, Zhu Z J 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 017101
[17] Xue Y, Dong L Y, Yuan Y W, Dai S Q 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 492 (in Chinese) [薛郁, 董力耘, 袁以武, 戴世强 2002 51 492]
[18] Xue Y 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2750 (in Chinese) [薛郁 2003 52 2750]
[19] Xie D F, Gao Z Y, Zhao X M, Li K P 2009 Physica A 388 2041
[20] L W, Song W G, Fang Z M 2011 Physica A 390 2303
[21] Toledo T, Choudhury C, Ben-Akiva M 2005 Trans. Res. Record 1934 157
[22] Kesting A, Treiber M, Helbing D 2007 Trans. Res. Record 1999 86
[23] Yang X B 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 837 (in Chinese) [杨小宝 2009 58 837]
[24] Tang T Q, Huang H J, Gao Z Y 2005 Phys. Rev. E 72 066124
[25] Jin S, Wang D H 2010 Physica A 389 4654
[26] Jin S, Wang D H 2011 Trans. Res. Record 2249 7
[27] Jin S, Wang D H 2012 Phys. Lett. A 376 153
[28] Reymond G, Kemeny A, Droulez J, Berthoz A 2001 Human Factors 43 483
[29] Gunay B 2007 Trans. Res. Part B 41 722
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