确定大气颗粒物平均滞留时间的新方法

刘亚春

doi:10.7498/aps.62.092301

摘要

从低层大气的基本属性出发,利用大气颗粒物中放射性核素的衰变特性与转移速率等相关信息, 建立了单位体积大气颗粒物中被吸附的放射性粒子数、衰变粒子数和转移粒子数的数学模型, 获得了确定低层大气颗粒物平均滞留时间的新方法.该方法解决了当前相关研究中出现的困惑, 说明了大气具有有限的自净功能,给出了大气颗粒物中同一衰变链上各核素达到活度平衡的条件及降低平均滞留时间的途径,为大气环境的监测与治理提供了科学依据.

关键词:

Abstract

The long life decay products 210Pb, 210Bi and 210Po of 222Rn are adsorbed in atmospheric particulate matters, thus making it possible to estimate the average residence time by measuring the specific activity or activity ratio of radon daughters. However, the existing research results are rather bad in consistency and the contradictory phenomena cannot be reasonably explained, which makes it inapplicable to atmospheric environmental monitoring. For this reason, starting with the basic attributes of lower atmosphere, based on the decay characteristics, transfer rates and other related information of radioactive nuclides in atmospheric particulates, a mathematical model is built to reflect the relationship among the particle numbers of the absorbed, decayed and transferred. Then, a new method is presented to estimate the average residence time of atmospheric aerosol. The method can solve the confusion that have appeared in the current research, reveal that the atmosphere has limited self-purification function, and provide the condition for nuclides in the same decaying chain to decay to the activity balance and the way to reduce the average residence time. All these conclusions will provide a scientific basis for further study and exploitation in atmospheric environment monitoring.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

刘亚春^1,2

1.
南华大学数理学院, 衡阳 421001;

2.
南华大学核科学技术学院, 衡阳 421001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号:11075070)和湖南省研究生创新基金(批准号:CX2009B187)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Liu Ya-Chun^1,2

1.
School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;

2.
School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11075070), and the Innovation Foundation for Graduate of Hunan Province of China (Grant No. CX2009B187).

参考文献

[1]	Obot C J 2002 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 184 98
[2]	Auana K 2004 Science of the Total Environment 329 3
[3]	Zhou X F 2010 Environment and Life 12 15 (in Chinese) [周霞芳 2010 环境与生活 12 15]
[4]	Yu Y, Zhang Z J, Li Y P 2003 Journal of Environment and Health 20 359 (in Chinese) [于燕, 张振军, 李义平 2003 环境与健康杂志 20 359]
[5]	Yang X X, Feng L H, Wei P 2012 Frontier Science 21 22 (in Chinese) [杨新兴, 冯丽华, 尉鹏 2012 前沿科学 21 22]
[6]	Tan J H 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Guangzhou: Guangzhou Geochemical Research Institute of CAS) (in Chinese) [谭吉华 2007 博士学位论文(广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所)]
[7]	Pope C A 1995 Am Respir Crit Care Med 151 669
[8]	Dockery 1993 New England Journal of Medicine 329 1753
[9]	Li X 2003 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 210 412
[10]	Yue W S, Li X L, Liu J F 2006 Science of the Total Environment 368 916
[11]	Jia Y Q, Zhao X H, Guo X B 2011 J. Environ Health 3 206 (in Chinese) [贾玉巧, 赵晓红, 郭新彪 2011 环境与健康杂志 3 206]
[12]	Qian L, Yin Y, Tong Y Q, Wang W W, Wei Y X 2008 China Environmental Science 1 18 (in Chinese) [钱凌, 银燕, 童尧青, 王巍巍, 魏玉香 2008 中国环境科学 1 18]
[13]	Kunzli N, Kaiser R, Medina S, Studnicka M 2000 Lancet 365 795
[14]	Oboat C J, Morandib M T, Beebe T P 2002 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 184 98
[15]	Baulig A, Sourdeval M, Meyer M, Marano F, Baeza Squiban A 2003 Toxicology in Vitro 17 567
[16]	Kriston Aunan, Xiao Chuan. Pan 2004 Science of the Total Environment 329 3
[17]	Baskaran M, Shaw G E 2001 Aerosol Science 32 443
[18]	Ebaid Y Y, Khater A E M 2006 Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 270 609
[19]	Papastefanou C 2006 Applied Radiation and Isotopes 64 93
[20]	Shan J, Xiao D T, Liu W, Lin J, Wang G H, Wei N N, Zhou Q Z 2010 Acta Phys.Sin. 59 5358 (in Chinese) [单健, 肖德涛, 刘卫, 林俊, 王广华, 位楠楠, 周青芝 2010 59 5358]
[21]	Shan J 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Hengyang: Nanhua University) (in Chinese) [单健 2010 博士学位论文(衡阳:南华大学)]
[22]	Le R C, Jia W Y, Wu Y P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2457 (in Chinese) [乐仁昌, 贾文懿, 吴允平 2008 57 2457]
[23]	Tan Y L, Xia D T, Zhao G Z 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 9 5452 (in Chinese) [谭延亮, 肖德涛, 赵桂芝 2008 9 5452]
[24]	Hong J Q, Le R C, He Z J, Ye Q Y, Chen J D, Zhou B Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 5452 (in Chinese) [洪锦泉, 乐仁昌, 何志杰, 叶全意, 陈健俤, 周宝庸 2008 58 5350]
[25]	Lu X T 2002 Nuclear physics (Beijing: Atomic Energy Press) p22 (in Chinese) [卢希庭 2002 原子核物理 (北京:原子能出版社) 第22页]
[26]	Cai C G 2005 College Physics 8 81 (in Chinese) [蔡崇贵 2005 大学物理 8 81]
[27]	Nozaki Y, Tsunogai S 1976 Earth and planetary Science letters 32 313
[28]	Lambert G, Polian G, Sanak J 1982 Ann. Geophys 38 497
[29]	Guebuem Kim, Najid Hussain, Hhomas M. Church 2000 Tellus 52B 74
[30]	Yang W F, Huang Y P, Chen M 2006 Science in China (Series D: Earth Sciences) 1 81 (in Chinese) [杨伟锋, 黄奕普, 陈敏 2006 中国科学(D辑,地球科学) l 81]
[31]	Masqué P, Sanchez-Cabeza J A, Bruach J M 2002 Continental Shelf Research 22 2127
[32]	Dlugosz-Lisiecka M, Bem H 2012 Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 293 135

施引文献

[1]	Obot C J 2002 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 184 98
[2]	Auana K 2004 Science of the Total Environment 329 3
[3]	Zhou X F 2010 Environment and Life 12 15 (in Chinese) [周霞芳 2010 环境与生活 12 15]
[4]	Yu Y, Zhang Z J, Li Y P 2003 Journal of Environment and Health 20 359 (in Chinese) [于燕, 张振军, 李义平 2003 环境与健康杂志 20 359]
[5]	Yang X X, Feng L H, Wei P 2012 Frontier Science 21 22 (in Chinese) [杨新兴, 冯丽华, 尉鹏 2012 前沿科学 21 22]
[6]	Tan J H 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Guangzhou: Guangzhou Geochemical Research Institute of CAS) (in Chinese) [谭吉华 2007 博士学位论文(广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所)]
[7]	Pope C A 1995 Am Respir Crit Care Med 151 669
[8]	Dockery 1993 New England Journal of Medicine 329 1753
[9]	Li X 2003 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 210 412
[10]	Yue W S, Li X L, Liu J F 2006 Science of the Total Environment 368 916
[11]	Jia Y Q, Zhao X H, Guo X B 2011 J. Environ Health 3 206 (in Chinese) [贾玉巧, 赵晓红, 郭新彪 2011 环境与健康杂志 3 206]
[12]	Qian L, Yin Y, Tong Y Q, Wang W W, Wei Y X 2008 China Environmental Science 1 18 (in Chinese) [钱凌, 银燕, 童尧青, 王巍巍, 魏玉香 2008 中国环境科学 1 18]
[13]	Kunzli N, Kaiser R, Medina S, Studnicka M 2000 Lancet 365 795
[14]	Oboat C J, Morandib M T, Beebe T P 2002 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 184 98
[15]	Baulig A, Sourdeval M, Meyer M, Marano F, Baeza Squiban A 2003 Toxicology in Vitro 17 567
[16]	Kriston Aunan, Xiao Chuan. Pan 2004 Science of the Total Environment 329 3
[17]	Baskaran M, Shaw G E 2001 Aerosol Science 32 443
[18]	Ebaid Y Y, Khater A E M 2006 Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 270 609
[19]	Papastefanou C 2006 Applied Radiation and Isotopes 64 93
[20]	Shan J, Xiao D T, Liu W, Lin J, Wang G H, Wei N N, Zhou Q Z 2010 Acta Phys.Sin. 59 5358 (in Chinese) [单健, 肖德涛, 刘卫, 林俊, 王广华, 位楠楠, 周青芝 2010 59 5358]
[21]	Shan J 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Hengyang: Nanhua University) (in Chinese) [单健 2010 博士学位论文(衡阳:南华大学)]
[22]	Le R C, Jia W Y, Wu Y P 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2457 (in Chinese) [乐仁昌, 贾文懿, 吴允平 2008 57 2457]
[23]	Tan Y L, Xia D T, Zhao G Z 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 9 5452 (in Chinese) [谭延亮, 肖德涛, 赵桂芝 2008 9 5452]
[24]	Hong J Q, Le R C, He Z J, Ye Q Y, Chen J D, Zhou B Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 5452 (in Chinese) [洪锦泉, 乐仁昌, 何志杰, 叶全意, 陈健俤, 周宝庸 2008 58 5350]
[25]	Lu X T 2002 Nuclear physics (Beijing: Atomic Energy Press) p22 (in Chinese) [卢希庭 2002 原子核物理 (北京:原子能出版社) 第22页]
[26]	Cai C G 2005 College Physics 8 81 (in Chinese) [蔡崇贵 2005 大学物理 8 81]
[27]	Nozaki Y, Tsunogai S 1976 Earth and planetary Science letters 32 313
[28]	Lambert G, Polian G, Sanak J 1982 Ann. Geophys 38 497
[29]	Guebuem Kim, Najid Hussain, Hhomas M. Church 2000 Tellus 52B 74
[30]	Yang W F, Huang Y P, Chen M 2006 Science in China (Series D: Earth Sciences) 1 81 (in Chinese) [杨伟锋, 黄奕普, 陈敏 2006 中国科学(D辑,地球科学) l 81]
[31]	Masqué P, Sanchez-Cabeza J A, Bruach J M 2002 Continental Shelf Research 22 2127
[32]	Dlugosz-Lisiecka M, Bem H 2012 Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 293 135

[1]	张铭珂, 高振威, 高光珍, 江宇豪, 蔡廷栋. 基于二极管激光消光光谱的高温气体与颗粒物同时探测研究. , 2022, 71(19): 193301. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220866
[2]	王振, 杜艳君, 丁艳军, 李政, 彭志敏. 波长调制-直接吸收光谱(WM-DAS)在线监测大气CO浓度. , 2022, 71(4): 044205. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20211772
[3]	王振, 杜艳君, 丁艳军, 李政, 彭志敏. 波长调制-直接吸收光谱（WM-DAS）在线监测大气CO浓度. , 2021, (): . doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20211772
[4]	王振, 杜艳君, 丁艳军, 彭志敏. 波长调制-直接吸收方法在线监测大气中CH₄和CO₂浓度. , 2020, 69(6): 064205. doi: 10.7498/aps.69.20191569
[5]	周益娴. 基于连续数值模拟的筒仓卸载过程中颗粒物压强及其速度场分析. , 2019, 68(13): 134701. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20182205
[6]	郑香脂, 张爱兵, 关燚炳, 刘超, 孙越强, 王文静, 田峥, 孔令高, 丁建京. 电磁监测试验卫星离子漂移计探测技术. , 2017, 66(20): 209401. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.209401
[7]	章鹏, 刘琳, 陈伟民. 磁性应力监测中力磁耦合特征及关键影响因素分析. , 2013, 62(17): 177501. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.177501
[8]	李新利, 谷锦华, 高海波, 陈永生, 郜小勇, 杨仕娥, 卢景霄, 李瑞, 焦岳超. 椭圆偏振光谱实时在线监测与离线分析微晶硅薄膜的生长. , 2012, 61(3): 036802. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.036802
[9]	庞学霞, 邓泽超, 贾鹏英, 梁伟华. 大气等离子体中氮氧化物粒子行为的数值模拟. , 2011, 60(12): 125201. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.125201
[10]	杨传俊, 郭智, 张祥志, 邰仁忠, 包良满, 李晓林, 张桂林, 李燕. 汽车尾气颗粒物的STXM和NEXAFS研究. , 2010, 59(8): 5345-5350. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.5345
[11]	司福祺, 谢品华, 窦科, 詹铠, 刘宇, 徐晋, 刘文清. 被动多轴差分吸收光谱大气气溶胶光学厚度监测方法研究. , 2010, 59(4): 2867-2872. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.2867
[12]	单健, 肖德涛, 刘卫, 林俊, 王广华, 位楠楠, 周青芝. 大气颗粒物滞留时间的确定方法及初步实验验证. , 2010, 59(8): 5358-5363. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.5358
[13]	丁莉, 刘代中, 高妍琦, 朱宝强, 朱俭, 彭增云, 朱健强, 俞立钧. 高功率激光装置光束准直系统新型远场监测技术. , 2008, 57(9): 5713-5717. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5713
[14]	谭延亮, 肖德涛, 赵桂芝. 理想条件下氡及其子体垂直运移实验数据分析. , 2008, 57(9): 5452-5457. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.5452
[15]	郭群超, 耿新华, 孙建, 魏长春, 韩晓艳, 张晓丹, 赵颖. 气体滞留时间对高速沉积的微晶硅薄膜性能的影响分析. , 2007, 56(5): 2790-2795. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.2790
[16]	冯耀军, 曹庄琪, 陈麟, 沈启舜. 分辨率为1pm的波长监测新方法. , 2006, 55(9): 4709-4712. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.4709
[17]	司福祺, 刘建国, 谢品华, 张玉钧, 窦科, 刘文清. 差分吸收光谱技术监测大气气溶胶粒谱分布. , 2006, 55(6): 3165-3169. doi: 10.7498/aps.55.3165
[18]	姜泽辉, 李斌, 赵海发, 王运鹰, 戴智斌. 竖直振动颗粒物厚层中冲击力分岔现象. , 2005, 54(3): 1273-1278. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.1273
[19]	乐仁昌, 贾文懿, 吴允平. 理想条件下氡及其子体运移新理论及其运移方程. , 2003, 52(10): 2457-2461. doi: 10.7498/aps.52.2457
[20]	杨恢东, 吴春亚, 李洪波, 麦耀华, 朱锋, 周祯华, 赵颖, 耿新华, 熊绍珍. VHF等离子体光发射谱(OES)的在线监测. , 2003, 52(9): 2324-2330. doi: 10.7498/aps.52.2324

计量

文章访问数: 6100
PDF下载量: 597
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

搜索

留言板