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The Stark effect in Rydberg atoms exhibits remarkable sensitivity to external electric fields, forming the fundamental basis for precision electric field measurements. This study systematically investigates the regulatory effects of both DC and AC electric fields on cesium Rydberg atoms through a comprehensive experimental and theoretical approach. Utilizing a two-photon three-level system, we generated 28D5/2 Rydberg states and established electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) as the macroscopic observable. Our experimental results demonstrate distinct Stark splitting patterns under DC fields, revealing three fine-structure states with polarization-dependent frequency shifts， negative polarizability states (mj=1/2, 3/2) exhibiting rightward shifts while the positive polarizability state (mj=5/2) shows leftward displacement. For power-frequency AC fields (50 Hz), we observed characteristic double-frequency modulation of the EIT-Stark spectra, with measurement limitations emerging at field strengths above 24 V/cm due to laser scanning range constraints. To overcome this limitation, we developed an innovative DC field regulated measurement scheme, establishing a dynamic model for the combined AC/DC field interaction with Rydberg atoms. The model successfully derived demodulation expressions for extracting both DC and AC field components from the composite spectral shifts. Experimental validation showed that applying an 8 V/cm DC bias field extended the measurable AC field range to 32 V/cm, achieving a 33.3 % improvement over direct measurement methods within a 1 GHz laser scanning range, while maintaining exceptional accuracy with demodulation errors below 0.8 % across all tested configurations. Detailed error analysis revealed measurement precision improved with increasing field strength, exhibiting a standard deviation of σ=0.2196 %, demonstrating the robustness of our approach. Compared with existing techniques, this DC-field regulation method effectively addresses the critical challenge of limited laser scanning range in strong-field measurements, while preserving the quantum advantages of Rydberg atom sensors. The research provides both theoretical foundations and practical solutions for power-frequency strong electric field measurements in power systems, with potential applications extending to other low-frequency strong-field measurement scenarios. Future work will focus on enhancing measurement stability in extreme field conditions, improving accuracy, and further expanding the operational range of this quantum sensing technology.
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