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In order to improve the efficiency of the single event effect (SEE) experiments on the 100 MeV proton cyclotron of China Institute of Atomic Energy, a binary energy degrader that can lower the initial proton energy to other values rapidly is designed for the 100 MeV protons provided by the accelerator. The energy degrader is comprised of six aluminum plates of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mm at thickness, where the thickness of the latter plate is twice that of the previous one. We introduce the concept of relative thickness, which can also represent the order of the energy of the produced protons, and the state or operation of the degrader. The energy interval of 61 protons with energy above 9.69 MeV, produced by the degrader, is between 0.84 MeV and 4.09 MeV. And their energy straggling degree is less than 10%, and full width at half maximum of the scattering angle is less than 45 mrad. So the energy degrader basically meets the requirements of the proton SEE experiments. The influence of the initial proton energy accuracy of the protons directly provided by the accelerator on the residual energy after they have passed through the degrader is discussed. It is found that the lower the residual energy, the greater the influence is. In addition, the degrader is also suitable for protons in the 70－100 MeV energy range that the accelerator can directly provide, and more continuous energy can be obtained by using more plates designed with this method. The design method of the energy reducer proposed in this paper is simple and effective, and has a strong reference value.
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Keywords:
- energy degrader /
- single event effects /
- energy straggling /
- angle straggling
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Luo Y H, Zhang F Q, Guo H X, Guo X Q, Zhao W, Ding L L, Wang Y M 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 216103
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Zhang F Q, Guo G, Liu J C, Chen Q M 2018 Atom. Energ. Sci. Technol. 52 1
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Google Scholar
Han J H, Guo G, Liu J C, Sui L, Kong F Q, Xiao S Y, Qin Y C, Zhang Y W 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 054104
Google Scholar
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Fudan University, Tsinghua University, Peking University 1985 Nuclear Physics Experimental Methods (Part I) (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: Atomic Energy Press) pp57−60 (in Chinese)
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Yu J G, Yu Q C 1997 High Energ. Phys. Nuc. 21 851
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图 1 采用SRIM计算得到的1−100 MeV质子在铝中的阻止本领及射程
Figure 1. Stopping power and range of 1−100 MeV protons in aluminum calculated by SRIM.
图 2 入射质子穿过64种不同降能片组合之后的能量
Figure 2. Residual energies of the incident protons after they pass through the energy degrader with 64 kinds of combinations of 6 energy degrader plates.
图 3 质子经过降能器产生的各能点质子的能量岐离程度
Figure 3. Energy straggling degree of the resulting protons at each energy point produced by the energy degrader.
图 4 经过降能器产生的各能点质子的散射角半高宽
Figure 4. Full width at half maximum of the scattering angle of the resulting protons at each energy point produced by the energy degrader.
图 5 加速器直接提供的质子能量偏差0.1 MeV时造成质子经过降能器后剩余能量的偏差情况
Figure 5. Variation of the residual energy after the protons with the energy deviation of 0.1 MeV directly provided by the accelerator pass through the energy degrader.
图 6 降能器对加速器直接提供的100, 90, 80, 70 MeV 四种能量质子的降能效果
Figure 6. Effects of the energy degrader for the protons at 100, 90, 80 and 70 MeV directly provided by the accelerator.
图 7 降能器使用6, 7, 8片降能片时的降能效果
Figure 7. Effects of the energy degrader using 6, 7 and 8 aluminum plates, respectively.
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[1] 黄建国, 韩建伟 2004 中国科学G辑 47 540
Google Scholar
Huang J G, Han J W 2004 Science in China, Ser G 47 540
Google Scholar
[2] Han J H, Guo G 2017 AIP Adv. 7 115220
Google Scholar
[3] 罗尹虹, 张凤祁, 郭红霞, 郭晓强, 赵雯, 丁李利, 王园明 2015 64 216103
Google Scholar
Luo Y H, Zhang F Q, Guo H X, Guo X Q, Zhao W, Ding L L, Wang Y M 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 216103
Google Scholar
[4] 赵雯, 郭晓强, 陈伟, 邱孟通, 罗尹虹, 王忠明, 郭红霞 2015 64 178501
Google Scholar
Zhao W, Guo X Q, Chen W, Qiu M T, Luo Y H, Wang Z M, Guo H X 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 178501
Google Scholar
[5] 罗尹虹, 张凤祁, 王燕萍, 王圆明, 郭晓强, 郭红霞 2016 65 068501
Google Scholar
Luo Y H, Zhang F Q, Wang Y P, Wang Y M, Guo X Q, Guo H X 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 068501
Google Scholar
[6] 何安林, 郭刚, 陈力, 沈东军, 任义, 刘建成, 张志超, 蔡莉, 史淑廷, 王惠, 范辉, 高丽娟, 孔福全 2014 原子能科学技术 48 2364
Google Scholar
He A L, Guo G, Chen L, Shen D J, Ren Y, Liu J C, Zhang Z C, Cai L, Shi S T, Wang H, Fan H, Gao L J, Kong F Q 2014 Atom. Energ. Sci. Technol. 48 2364
Google Scholar
[7] 杨海亮, 李国政, 李原春, 姜景和, 贺朝会, 唐本奇 2001 原子能科学技术 35 490
Google Scholar
Yang H L, Li G Z, Li Y C, Jiang J H, He C H, Tang B Q 2001 Atom. Energ. Sci. Technol. 35 490
Google Scholar
[8] 张付强, 郭刚, 刘建成, 陈启明 2018 原子能科学技术 52 1
Zhang F Q, Guo G, Liu J C, Chen Q M 2018 Atom. Energ. Sci. Technol. 52 1
[9] Hajdas W, Burri F, Eggle C, Harboe-Sorensen R and Marino R 2002 Proc. IEEE Radiat. Effects Data Workshop Phoenix, Arizona, American, 2002 p160
[10] 韩金华, 郭刚, 刘建成, 隋丽, 孔福全, 肖舒颜, 覃英参, 张艳文 2019 68 054104
Google Scholar
Han J H, Guo G, Liu J C, Sui L, Kong F Q, Xiao S Y, Qin Y C, Zhang Y W 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 054104
Google Scholar
[11] Ziegler J F http://www.srim.org. [2019-10-6]
[12] Ziegler J F, Ziegler M D, Biersack J P 2010 Nucl.Instr. and Meth. B 268 1818
Google Scholar
[13] 复旦大学, 清华大学, 北京大学 1985 原子核物理实验方法(上册) (第2版) (北京: 原子能出版社) 第57−60页
Fudan University, Tsinghua University, Peking University 1985 Nuclear Physics Experimental Methods (Part I) (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: Atomic Energy Press) pp57−60 (in Chinese)
[14] Zhang Z G, Liu J, Hou M D, Sun Y M, Zhao F Z, Liu G, Han Z S, Geng C, Liu J D, Xi K, Duan J L, Yao H J, Mo D, Luo J, Gu S, and Liu T Q 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 096103
Google Scholar
[15] Yang Q, O’Connor D J, Wang Z L 1991 Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 61 149
Google Scholar
[16] Lynch G R, Dahl O I 1991 Nucl.Instr. and Meth. B 58 6
Google Scholar
[17] Gottschalk B, Koehler A M, Schneider R J, Sisterson J M, Wagner M S 1993 Nucl.Instr. and Meth. B 74 467
Google Scholar
[18] Particle Data Group 2004 Physics Lett. B 592 1
Google Scholar
[19] 余建国, 郁庆长 1997 高能物理与核物理 21 851
Yu J G, Yu Q C 1997 High Energ. Phys. Nuc. 21 851
[20] 鞠志萍, 曹午飞, 刘小伟 2009 58 174
Google Scholar
Ju Z P, Cao W F, Liu X W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 174
Google Scholar
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