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Using molecular dynamics simulation, the effects of temperature and depth of helium bubble on volume, pressure and releasing process of helium bubble in metal Ti are investigated. First, through studying the states of helium bubble at different depths at room temperature, the variation regularities of volume, pressure and releasing process of helium bubble with its depth are acquired. The results show that with depth augmenting, the pressure of helium bubble increases gradually, while the volume decreases, but these two parameters are kept at some level when the depth is greater than 2.6 nm. Then, the evolutions of model system with helium bubble at various temperatures are simulated. The critical temperatures of helium bubble released from Ti surface at different depths are greatly different. On the whole, the critical temperature is in direct proportion to depth. But the releasing rates at different temperatures are almost unanimous. Finally, the mechanism of helium bubble released from Ti surface is explained on the basis of statistics and analyses of pressure of helium bubble and tensile strength of the metal thin film above the bubble. It is found that helium bubble would tear the Ti film above it when the pressure in helium bubble is greater than the strength of Ti film, and then helium atoms will be released from the metal.
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Keywords:
- helium bubble /
- isotope of hydrogen /
- metal Ti /
- molecular dynamics simulation
[1] Rajainmaki H, Linderoth S, Hansen H E, Nieminen R M, Bentzon M D 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 1087
[2] Singh A, Maji S, Nambissan P M G 2001 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 13 177
[3] Trinkaus H, Singh B N 2003 J. Nucl. Mater. 323 229
[4] Iwakiri H, Yasunaga K, Morishita K, Yoshida N 2000 J. Nucl. Mater. 283-287 1134
[5] Ehrlich K, Bloom E E, Kondo T 2000 J. Nucl. Mater. 283-287 79
[6] Kawano S, Sumiya R, Fukuya K 1998 J. Nucl. Mater. 258-263 2008
[7] Wang P X, Song J S 2002 Helium in Materials and the Permeation of Tritium (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) pp1, 2 (in Chinese) [王佩璇, 宋家树 2002 材料中氦及氚渗透(北京: 国防工业出版社)第1, 2 页]
[8] Li N, Fu E G, Wang H, Carter J J, Shao L, Maloy S A, Misra A, Zhang X 2009 J. Nucl. Mater. 389 233
[9] Lindau R, Moslang A, Preininger D, Rieth M, Rohrigb H D 1999 J. Nucl. Mater. 271-272 450
[10] Birtcher R C, Donnelly S E, Templier C 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 764
[11] Galindo R E, Veen A V, Evans J H, Schut H, Hosson J T M D 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B 217 262
[12] Cipiti B B, Kulcinski G L 2005 J. Nucl. Mater. 347 298
[13] Li Y, Deng A H, Zhou Y L, Zhou B, Wang K, Hou Q, Shi L Q, Qin X B, Wang B Y 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 047801
[14] Liu W, Wu Q Q, Chen S L, Zhu J J, An Z, Wang Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 176802 (in Chinese) [刘望, 邬琦琦, 陈顺礼, 朱敬军, 安竹, 汪渊 2012 61 176802]
[15] Wang L, Hu W Y, Xiao S F, Yang J Y, Deng H Q 2011 J. Mater. Res. 26 416
[16] Zhang B L, Wang J, Li M, Hou Q 2013 J. Nucl. Mater. 438 178
[17] Zhang B L, Wang J, Hou Q 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 036105
[18] Wang J, Zhang B L, Zhou Y L, Hou Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 106601 (in Chinese) [汪俊, 张宝玲, 周宇璐, 侯氢 2011 60 106601]
[19] San-Martin A, Manchester F D 1987 Bull. Alloy Phase Diagr. 8 30
[20] Daw M S, Baskes M I 1984 Phys. Rev. B 29 6443
[21] Wang J, Hou Q, Wu Z C, Long X G, Wu X C, Luo S Z 2006 Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 1666
[22] Jorgensen W L, Chandrasekhar J, Madura J D, Impey R W, Klein M L 1983 J. Chem. Phys. 79 926
[23] Snow C S, Brewer L N, Gelles D S, Rodriguez M A 2008 J. Nucl. Mater. 374 147
[24] Allenand M P, Tildesley D J 1987 Computer Simulation of Liquids (Oxford: Clarendon) pp56-60
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[1] Rajainmaki H, Linderoth S, Hansen H E, Nieminen R M, Bentzon M D 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 1087
[2] Singh A, Maji S, Nambissan P M G 2001 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 13 177
[3] Trinkaus H, Singh B N 2003 J. Nucl. Mater. 323 229
[4] Iwakiri H, Yasunaga K, Morishita K, Yoshida N 2000 J. Nucl. Mater. 283-287 1134
[5] Ehrlich K, Bloom E E, Kondo T 2000 J. Nucl. Mater. 283-287 79
[6] Kawano S, Sumiya R, Fukuya K 1998 J. Nucl. Mater. 258-263 2008
[7] Wang P X, Song J S 2002 Helium in Materials and the Permeation of Tritium (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) pp1, 2 (in Chinese) [王佩璇, 宋家树 2002 材料中氦及氚渗透(北京: 国防工业出版社)第1, 2 页]
[8] Li N, Fu E G, Wang H, Carter J J, Shao L, Maloy S A, Misra A, Zhang X 2009 J. Nucl. Mater. 389 233
[9] Lindau R, Moslang A, Preininger D, Rieth M, Rohrigb H D 1999 J. Nucl. Mater. 271-272 450
[10] Birtcher R C, Donnelly S E, Templier C 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 764
[11] Galindo R E, Veen A V, Evans J H, Schut H, Hosson J T M D 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B 217 262
[12] Cipiti B B, Kulcinski G L 2005 J. Nucl. Mater. 347 298
[13] Li Y, Deng A H, Zhou Y L, Zhou B, Wang K, Hou Q, Shi L Q, Qin X B, Wang B Y 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 047801
[14] Liu W, Wu Q Q, Chen S L, Zhu J J, An Z, Wang Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 176802 (in Chinese) [刘望, 邬琦琦, 陈顺礼, 朱敬军, 安竹, 汪渊 2012 61 176802]
[15] Wang L, Hu W Y, Xiao S F, Yang J Y, Deng H Q 2011 J. Mater. Res. 26 416
[16] Zhang B L, Wang J, Li M, Hou Q 2013 J. Nucl. Mater. 438 178
[17] Zhang B L, Wang J, Hou Q 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 036105
[18] Wang J, Zhang B L, Zhou Y L, Hou Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 106601 (in Chinese) [汪俊, 张宝玲, 周宇璐, 侯氢 2011 60 106601]
[19] San-Martin A, Manchester F D 1987 Bull. Alloy Phase Diagr. 8 30
[20] Daw M S, Baskes M I 1984 Phys. Rev. B 29 6443
[21] Wang J, Hou Q, Wu Z C, Long X G, Wu X C, Luo S Z 2006 Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 1666
[22] Jorgensen W L, Chandrasekhar J, Madura J D, Impey R W, Klein M L 1983 J. Chem. Phys. 79 926
[23] Snow C S, Brewer L N, Gelles D S, Rodriguez M A 2008 J. Nucl. Mater. 374 147
[24] Allenand M P, Tildesley D J 1987 Computer Simulation of Liquids (Oxford: Clarendon) pp56-60
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