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The radiation properties of a whispering-gallery-mode （WGM） fibre laser based on skew beam pumping have been studied. It is found from experiment that when pumped by skew light along the fibre’s axis, both transverse electric wave （TE） and transverse magnetic wave （TM） exist in WGM lasing emission simultaneitly. With the increase of refractive index of cladding dye solution, the wavelength spacing between TE and TM waves of which the radial mode number and angular mode number are the same value decreases, and the central lasing wavelength of WGM bluely shifts to short wavelength direction. Based on radiation theory of WGM fibre laser and a model of four-energy levels of dye laser, the obtained experimental results are well explained.
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Keywords:
- fibre laser /
- whispering-gallery-mode /
- wavelength shift /
- wavelength spacing between TE & TM waves
[1] ［1］Wu Y，Yang X, Leung P T 1999 Opt. Lett. 24 345
[2] ［2］Li Y M, Liu Q, Tian X T, Zhang K S 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 2324
[3] ［3］Yang Y D, Huang Y Z, Chen Q 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 013817-1
[4] ［4］Vernooy D W, Furusawa A, Georgiades N Ph, Hchenko V S, Kimble H J 1998 Phys. Rev . A 57 R2293
[5] ［5］Gmachal C, Capasso F, Narimanov E E 1998 Science 280 1556
[6] ［6］Spillane S M, Kippenberg T J, Vahala K J 2002 Nature 415 621
[7] ［7］Vahala K J 2003 Nature 424 839
[8] ［8］Vollmer F, Braun D, Libchaber A 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 4057
[9] ［9］Cole R M, Sugawara Y, Baumberg J J 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 137401-1
[10] ］Pu X Y, Lee W K 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 466
[11] ］Wu Y, Leung P T 1999 Phys. Rev.A 60 630
[12] ］Wu Y 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 0338034
[13] ］Wu Y, Yang X 2001 J. Phys. B 34 2281
[14] ］Feng X, Liu Y, Liu X M, Zhang W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2971 （in Chinese）［冯雪、刘越、刘小明、张巍 2009 58 2971 ］
[15] ］Moon H J, Chough Y T, An K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3161
[16] ］Shevchenko A, Lindfors K, Buchter S C, Kaivola M 2005 Opt. Commun. 245 349
[17] ］Zhang Y X, Pu X Y, Zhu K, Han D Y, Jiang N 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3179 （in Chinese）［张远宪、普小云、祝昆、韩德昱、江楠 2009 58 3179］
[18] ］Pu X Y, Bai R, Xiang W L, Du F, Jiang N 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3923 （in Chinese）［普小云、白然、向文丽、杜飞、江楠 2009 58 3923］
[19] ］Han D Y, Pu X Y, Jiang N, Feng Y L, Zhu K, Zhang Y X 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 3259 （in Chinese）［韩德昱、普小云、江楠、冯永利、祝昆、张远宏 2009 科学通报 54 3259］
[20] ］Djafar K M, Lowell L S 2002 Fiber-Optic Communications Technology （Beijing: Science Press, 2002）
[21] ］Wang D L, Jiang N, Jiang L Q, Pu X Y 2008 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 28 2749 （in Chinese）［王东林、江楠、姜利群、普小云 2008 光谱学与光谱分析 28 2749］
[22] ］Xiang W L, Pu X Y, Bai R, Zhang Y X, Jiang N 2008 Acta Opt. Sin. 28 2359 （in Chinese）［向文丽、普小云、白然、张远宪、江楠 2008 光学学报 28 2359］
[23] ］Bohren C F, Huffman D R 1998 Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles （Wiley 1998）
[24] ］Chang S, Rex N B, Chang R K1999 J. Opt. Soc. of Am. B 161 224
[25] ］Lam C C, Leung P T, Yang K 1992 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9 1585
[26] ］Chio Y S, Moon H J, An K 2001 J. Phys. Soc. Korean 39 928
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[1] ［1］Wu Y，Yang X, Leung P T 1999 Opt. Lett. 24 345
[2] ［2］Li Y M, Liu Q, Tian X T, Zhang K S 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 2324
[3] ［3］Yang Y D, Huang Y Z, Chen Q 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 013817-1
[4] ［4］Vernooy D W, Furusawa A, Georgiades N Ph, Hchenko V S, Kimble H J 1998 Phys. Rev . A 57 R2293
[5] ［5］Gmachal C, Capasso F, Narimanov E E 1998 Science 280 1556
[6] ［6］Spillane S M, Kippenberg T J, Vahala K J 2002 Nature 415 621
[7] ［7］Vahala K J 2003 Nature 424 839
[8] ［8］Vollmer F, Braun D, Libchaber A 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 4057
[9] ［9］Cole R M, Sugawara Y, Baumberg J J 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 137401-1
[10] ］Pu X Y, Lee W K 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 466
[11] ］Wu Y, Leung P T 1999 Phys. Rev.A 60 630
[12] ］Wu Y 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 0338034
[13] ］Wu Y, Yang X 2001 J. Phys. B 34 2281
[14] ］Feng X, Liu Y, Liu X M, Zhang W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2971 （in Chinese）［冯雪、刘越、刘小明、张巍 2009 58 2971 ］
[15] ］Moon H J, Chough Y T, An K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3161
[16] ］Shevchenko A, Lindfors K, Buchter S C, Kaivola M 2005 Opt. Commun. 245 349
[17] ］Zhang Y X, Pu X Y, Zhu K, Han D Y, Jiang N 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3179 （in Chinese）［张远宪、普小云、祝昆、韩德昱、江楠 2009 58 3179］
[18] ］Pu X Y, Bai R, Xiang W L, Du F, Jiang N 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3923 （in Chinese）［普小云、白然、向文丽、杜飞、江楠 2009 58 3923］
[19] ］Han D Y, Pu X Y, Jiang N, Feng Y L, Zhu K, Zhang Y X 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 3259 （in Chinese）［韩德昱、普小云、江楠、冯永利、祝昆、张远宏 2009 科学通报 54 3259］
[20] ］Djafar K M, Lowell L S 2002 Fiber-Optic Communications Technology （Beijing: Science Press, 2002）
[21] ］Wang D L, Jiang N, Jiang L Q, Pu X Y 2008 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 28 2749 （in Chinese）［王东林、江楠、姜利群、普小云 2008 光谱学与光谱分析 28 2749］
[22] ］Xiang W L, Pu X Y, Bai R, Zhang Y X, Jiang N 2008 Acta Opt. Sin. 28 2359 （in Chinese）［向文丽、普小云、白然、张远宪、江楠 2008 光学学报 28 2359］
[23] ］Bohren C F, Huffman D R 1998 Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles （Wiley 1998）
[24] ］Chang S, Rex N B, Chang R K1999 J. Opt. Soc. of Am. B 161 224
[25] ］Lam C C, Leung P T, Yang K 1992 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9 1585
[26] ］Chio Y S, Moon H J, An K 2001 J. Phys. Soc. Korean 39 928
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