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The shear behavior of granular material is not only the most important mechanical property but also the most basic technical indicator in an engineering project. Today, it is still widely used, owing to its simplicity in operation. However, unlike common solid material, granular material shows the properties of disorder and non-uniformity. This is due to the formation of complex network force chains in granular medium. This also leads to the size effect of shear stress in granular solid. In this paper, direct shear tests with various sizes of high-precision spherical glass beads and sample aspect ratio are carried out to investigate the size effect of shear stress. It is found that when the particle size of glass bead decreases, or when the number of glass beads increases, the shear stress decreases slightly, while the reduction of the sample aspect ratio will lead to similar changes. The experimental results show that when the sample length is less than 50 times the particle size or aspect ratio less than 0.5, direct shear tests shows a significant size effect. Therefore the result of this investigation suggests that the guidance for current standard direct shear test should be revised.
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Keywords:
- granular media /
- direct shear test /
- scale effect
[1] Zhang Q, Li Y C, Hou M Y, Jiang Y M, Liu M 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 031306
[2] Khidas Y, Jia X P 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 051302
[3] Hartley R R, Behringer R P 2003 Nature 421 928
[4] majmudar T S, Behringer R P 2005 Nature 435 1079
[5] Cerato A B, Lutenegger A J 2006 Geotech Test. J. 29 507
[6] Douglas E J, Julio R V, Matthew T E 2007 Geotech Test. J. 30 512
[7] Zhou Q, Hayley H S, Brian T S 2009 China. Sci. Bull. 54 4337
[8] Wang J F, Gutierrez M 2010 Geotechnique 60 395
[9] Wang J F, Gutierrez M 2009 Powders & Grains 1145 365
[10] Andres D O, Daniel M H, Hayley H S 2009 Powders & Grains 1145 413
[11] Sezer A, Altun S, Goktepe B A 2011 S Oils and Foundations 51 857
[12] Pecker A 2007 Advanced Earthquake Engineering Analysis 494 978
[13] Feng D K, Hou W J, Zhang J M 2012 China Civil Engineering Journal 45 169 (in Chinese) [冯大阔, 侯文峻, 张建民 2012 土木工程学报 45 169]
[14] Xu S H, Zheng G, Xu G L 2010 Rock and Soil Mechanics 31 08 (in Chinese) [徐舜华, 郑刚, 徐光黎 2010 岩土力学 31 08]
[15] Bi Z W, Sun Q C, Liu, J G, Zhang C H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 034502 (in Chinese) [毕忠伟, 孙其诚, 刘建国, 金峰, 张楚汉 2011 60 034502]
[16] Cui L, Sullivan C O 2006 Geotechnique 56 455
[17] Yan Y, Ji S Y 2010 Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech 34 978
[18] Liu S H 2006 Can. Geotech. J. 43 155
[19] Wang G Q, Sun Q C 2009 Engineering Mechanics 26 Sup.II-0001-07
[20] Liu H T, Cheng X H 2009 Rock and Soil Mechanics 30 Sup.I-0287-06 (in Chinese) [刘海涛, 程晓辉 2009 岩土力学 30 增 I-0287-06]
[21] Xu F X, Chen X 2009 Mechanics of Materials 41 174
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[1] Zhang Q, Li Y C, Hou M Y, Jiang Y M, Liu M 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 031306
[2] Khidas Y, Jia X P 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 051302
[3] Hartley R R, Behringer R P 2003 Nature 421 928
[4] majmudar T S, Behringer R P 2005 Nature 435 1079
[5] Cerato A B, Lutenegger A J 2006 Geotech Test. J. 29 507
[6] Douglas E J, Julio R V, Matthew T E 2007 Geotech Test. J. 30 512
[7] Zhou Q, Hayley H S, Brian T S 2009 China. Sci. Bull. 54 4337
[8] Wang J F, Gutierrez M 2010 Geotechnique 60 395
[9] Wang J F, Gutierrez M 2009 Powders & Grains 1145 365
[10] Andres D O, Daniel M H, Hayley H S 2009 Powders & Grains 1145 413
[11] Sezer A, Altun S, Goktepe B A 2011 S Oils and Foundations 51 857
[12] Pecker A 2007 Advanced Earthquake Engineering Analysis 494 978
[13] Feng D K, Hou W J, Zhang J M 2012 China Civil Engineering Journal 45 169 (in Chinese) [冯大阔, 侯文峻, 张建民 2012 土木工程学报 45 169]
[14] Xu S H, Zheng G, Xu G L 2010 Rock and Soil Mechanics 31 08 (in Chinese) [徐舜华, 郑刚, 徐光黎 2010 岩土力学 31 08]
[15] Bi Z W, Sun Q C, Liu, J G, Zhang C H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 034502 (in Chinese) [毕忠伟, 孙其诚, 刘建国, 金峰, 张楚汉 2011 60 034502]
[16] Cui L, Sullivan C O 2006 Geotechnique 56 455
[17] Yan Y, Ji S Y 2010 Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech 34 978
[18] Liu S H 2006 Can. Geotech. J. 43 155
[19] Wang G Q, Sun Q C 2009 Engineering Mechanics 26 Sup.II-0001-07
[20] Liu H T, Cheng X H 2009 Rock and Soil Mechanics 30 Sup.I-0287-06 (in Chinese) [刘海涛, 程晓辉 2009 岩土力学 30 增 I-0287-06]
[21] Xu F X, Chen X 2009 Mechanics of Materials 41 174
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