低强度周期量级脉冲驱动排列分子的非次序双电离

黄诚; 钟明敏; 吴正茂

doi:10.7498/aps.65.083301

摘要

本文利用三维经典系综模型研究了低强度周期量级脉冲驱动排列分子的非次序双电离. 结果表明, 电子对的关联特性强烈地依赖于分子的排列方向和激光脉冲的载波包络相位; 垂直分子反关联电子对的比例总是高于平行分子反关联电子对的比例; 当载波包络相位从0到逐渐增加时, 反关联电子对的数目先增加再减少; 对于平行分子, 电子对的释放总是以正关联为主; 而垂直分子的主导关联模式则依赖于激光脉冲的载波包络相位, 当载波包络相位为0.3-0.7之间时, 电子对以反关联释放为主, 其他相位下以正关联为主. 本文利用分子势能曲线和电子返回能量很好地解释了电子关联特性对分子排列方向和载波包络相位的依赖关系.

关键词:

Abstract

Using the three-dimensional classical ensemble model, nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of aligned molecules by the few-cycle laser pulse at the low intensity is investigated. Here the two electrons involved in NSDI finally are ionized through a transition doubly excited state induced by the recollision. The results show that the electron correlation behavior in NSDI is strongly dependent on the molecular alignment and the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the laser pulse. There are more anti-correlated emissions for the perpendicular molecules than those for the parallel molecules regardless of CEP. The dependence of the electron correlation behavior on molecular alignment can be well explained by the potential energy curves of molecules. That is because the suppressed potential barrier for perpendicular molecules is higher and the electron is more difficult to ionize than for parallel molecules. Thus for perpendicular molecules the ionization of the two electrons has longer time delay, which results in more anticorrelated emissions. Additionally, because the potential barrier for the perpendicular molecules is higher than that for the parallel molecules, the ionization yield of NSDI is about an order of magnitude smaller than that for the parallel molecules. With CEP increasing from 0 to , the anti-correlated emission first increases and then decreases. For parallel alignment, the correlated emission is always dominant at all CEPs. However, for perpendicular alignment, the dominant correlation behavior depends on the CEP of the laser pulse. When the CEP is in a range from 0.3 to 0.7, the anti-correlated emission is dominant. At other CEPs, the correlated emission is dominant. The dependence of the electron correlation behavior on the CEP of the laser pulse is well explained by the dependence of the returning energy of the electron on the CEP of the laser pulse. For different CEPs, the single ionization times resulting in NSDI and the corresponding acceleration electric field are different, which leads to at some CEPs the returning energy of the electron being large and at some other CEPs the returning energy of the electron being small. When those CEPs are available where the returning energy of the electron is larger, the doubly excited state induced by the recollision is more energetic. Thus at those CEPs the emissions of the two electrons from the doubly excited state have smaller time delays and more correlated emissions occur. On the contrary, at those CEPs where the returning energy of the electron is small, more anti-correlated emissions are produced.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
西南大学物理科学与技术学院, 重庆 400715

通信作者: 黄诚, huangcheng@swu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号：11504302, 61178011, 61475127, 11504301)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金 (批准号: SWU114069, XDJK2015C148) 资助的课题．

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Corresponding author: Huang Cheng, huangcheng@swu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11504302, 61178011, 61475127, 11504301) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant Nos. SWU114069, XDJK2015C148).

参考文献

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[35]	Ma X M, Zhou Y M, Lu P X 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013425
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[42]	Liao Q, Lu P X, Zhang Q B, Hong W Y, Yang Z Y 2008 J. Phys. B 41 125601
[43]	Li H Y, Chen J, Jiang H B, Liu J, Fu P M, Gong Q H, Yan Z C, Wang B B 2009 J. Phys. B 42 125601
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[45]	Zhou Y M, Liao Q, Lan P F, Lu P X 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 3950
[46]	Bergues B, Kubel M, Johnson N G, Fischer B, Camus N, Betsch K J, Herrwerth O, Senftleben A, Sayler A M, Rathje T, Pfeifer T, Ben-Itzhak I, Jones R R, Paulus G G, Krausz F, Moshammer R, Ullrich J, Kling M F 2012 Nature Commun. 3 813
[47]	Huang C, Zhou Y M, Zhang Q B, Lu P X 2013 Opt. Express 19 11382
[48]	Zeidler D, Staudte A, Bardon A B, Villeneuve D M, Drner R, Corkum P B 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 203003
[49]	Huang C, Zhou Y M, Tong A H, Liao H Q, Y, Lu P X 2011 Opt. Express 19 5627
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施引文献

[1]	L'Huillier A, Lompre L A, Mainfray G, Manus C 1983 Phys. Rev. A 27 2503
[2]	Walker B, Sheehy B, DiMauro L F, Agostini P, Schafer K J, Kulander K C 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 1227
[3]	Weber T, Giessen H, Weckenbrock M, Urbasch G, Staudte A, Spielberger L, Jagutzki O, Mergel V, Vollmer M, Drner R 2000 Nature 405 658
[4]	Becker W, Liu X, Jo Ho P, Eberly J H 2012 Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 1011
[5]	Figueira de Morisson Faria C, Liu X 2011 J. Mod. Opt. 58 1076
[6]	Corkum P B 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1994
[7]	Schafer K J, Young B, DiMauro L F, Kulander K C 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1599
[8]	Feuerstein B, Moshammer R, Fischer D, Dorn A, Schrter C D, Deipenwisch J, Crespo Lopez-Urrutia J R, Hhr C, Neumayer P, Ullrich J, Rottke H, Trump C, Wittmann M, Korn G, Sandner W 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 043003
[9]	Eckhardt B, Prauzner-Bechcickib J S, Sachac K, Zakrzewski J 2010 Chem. Phys. 370 168
[10]	Camus N, Fischer B, Kremer M, Sharma V, Rudenko A, Bergues B, Kubel M, Johnson N G, Kling M F, Pfeifer T, Ullrich J, Moshammer R 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 073003
[11]	Liao Q, Lu P X 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 021403
[12]	Lein M, Gross E K U, Engel V 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 4707
[13]	Tong A H, Zhou Y M, Lu P X 2015 Opt. Express 23 15774
[14]	Zhou Y M, Huang C, Lu P X 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 023405
[15]	Hao X L, Chen J, Li W D, Wang B B, Wang X D, Becker W 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 073002
[16]	Wu M Y, Wang Y L, Liu X J 2013 Phys. Rev. A 87 013431
[17]	Guo J, Liu X S, Chu S I 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 023405
[18]	Dong S S, Zhang Z L, Bai L H, Zhang J T 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 033409
[19]	Staudte A, Ruiz C, Schffler M, Schssler S, Zeidler D, Weber T, Meckel M, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B, Becker A, Drner R 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 263002
[20]	Rudenko A, Jesus V L B, Ergler T, Zrost K, Feuerstein B, Schrter C D, Moshammer R, Ullrich J 2007 Phys.Rev. Lett. 99 263003
[21]	Ye D F, Liu X J, Liu J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 233003
[22]	Zhou Y M, Liao Q, Lu P X 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 053402
[23]	Chen Z J, Liang Y, Lin C D 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 253201
[24]	Liao Q, Zhou Y M, Huang C, Lu P X 2012 New J. Phys. 14 013001
[25]	Liu Y Q, Tschuch S, Rudenko A, Drr M, Siegel M, Morgner U, Moshammer R, Ullrich J 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 053001
[26]	Sun X F, Li M, Ye D F, Xin G G, Fu L B, Xie X G, Deng Y K, Wu C Y, Liu J, Gong Q H, Liu Y Q 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 103001
[27]	Parker J S, Doherty B J S, Taylor K T, Schultz K D, Blaga C I, DiMauro L F 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 133001
[28]	Wang X, Eberly J H 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 103007
[29]	Fu L B, Xin G G, Ye D F, Liu J 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 103601
[30]	Tong A H, Feng G Q 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 023303 (in Chinese) [童爱红, 冯国强 2014 63 023303]
[31]	Yu W W, Guo J, Liu X S 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 023201
[32]	Tong A H, Liu D, Feng G Q 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 103302
[33]	Jia X Y, Fan D H, Li W D, Chen J 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 013303
[34]	Huang C, Guo W L, Zhou Y M, Wu Z M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013416
[35]	Ma X M, Zhou Y M, Lu P X 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013425
[36]	Zhou Y M, Huang C, Tong A H, Liao Q, Lu P X 2011 Opt. Express 19 2301
[37]	Zhou Y M, Huang C, Liao Q, Hong W Y, Lu P X 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 2758
[38]	Zhang L, Xie X H, Roither S, Zhou Y M, Lu P X, Kartashov D, Schoffler M, Shafir D, Corkum P B, Baltuska A, Staudte A, Kitzler M 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 193002
[39]	Tong A H, Feng G Q, Deng Y J 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 093303 (in Chinese) [童爱红, 冯国强, 邓永菊 2012 61 093303]
[40]	Liu X, Rottke H, Eremina E, Sandner W, Goulielmakis E, Keeffe K O, Lezius M, Krausz F, Lindner F, Schatzel M G, Paulus G G, Walther H 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 263001
[41]	Morisson Faria C F, Liu X, Sanpera A, Lewenstein A 2004 Phys. Rev. A 70 043406
[42]	Liao Q, Lu P X, Zhang Q B, Hong W Y, Yang Z Y 2008 J. Phys. B 41 125601
[43]	Li H Y, Chen J, Jiang H B, Liu J, Fu P M, Gong Q H, Yan Z C, Wang B B 2009 J. Phys. B 42 125601
[44]	Tang Q B, Zhang D L, Yu B H, Chen D 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 7775 (in Chinese) [汤清彬, 张东玲, 余本海, 陈东 2010 59 7775]
[45]	Zhou Y M, Liao Q, Lan P F, Lu P X 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 3950
[46]	Bergues B, Kubel M, Johnson N G, Fischer B, Camus N, Betsch K J, Herrwerth O, Senftleben A, Sayler A M, Rathje T, Pfeifer T, Ben-Itzhak I, Jones R R, Paulus G G, Krausz F, Moshammer R, Ullrich J, Kling M F 2012 Nature Commun. 3 813
[47]	Huang C, Zhou Y M, Zhang Q B, Lu P X 2013 Opt. Express 19 11382
[48]	Zeidler D, Staudte A, Bardon A B, Villeneuve D M, Drner R, Corkum P B 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 203003
[49]	Huang C, Zhou Y M, Tong A H, Liao H Q, Y, Lu P X 2011 Opt. Express 19 5627
[50]	Liao Q, Lu P X 2009 Opt. Express 17 15550
[51]	Haan S L, Breen L, Karim A, Eberly J H 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 103008
[52]	Haan S L, Dyke J S V, Smith Z S 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 113001
[53]	Zhou Y M, Huang C, Liao Q, Lu P X 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 053004
[54]	Zhou Y M, Zhang Q B, Huang C, Lu P X 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 043427

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