基于轨道角动量的多自由度W态纠缠系统

范榕华; 郭邦红; 郭建军; 张程贤; 张文杰; 杜戈

doi:10.7498/aps.64.140301

摘要

提出了一种制备三光子纠缠W态的方案, 该方案利用携带轨道角动量为lħ的光子(其中l可取(-∞, +∞)的任意整数)可构成无穷维向量空间的特性, 采用两种类型的参量下转换, 产生轨道角动量-自旋角动量纠缠的两对光子和一对偏振纠缠光子, 通过纠缠交换制备三光子多自由度的W态, 实现三光子体系纠缠的高维度、大容量量子信息处理. 方案采用q-plate相位光学器件和单模光纤等器件制备两个不同自由度(轨道角动量与偏振)混合的W态, 并利用计算机全息相位图改进方案制备三个不同自由度(轨道角动量、线动量和偏振)混合的W态. 本方案可稳定产生两种等概率互为对称的W态, 具有高维度、强纠缠特性与抗比特丢失能力, 信息量达log2m+2比特(m为l的可取值个数), 有望实现可扩容量子比特的安全通信.

关键词:

Abstract

We propose a method of generating the three-photon W state. The method uses parametric down-conversion process and hybrid entanglement swapping from multiphoton spin-entangled states to multiphoton orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled states, with the aid of a pair of polarization photons. They generate W state entangled in different degrees of freedom of polarization and OAM with a high-dimensional Hilbert space. By simply changing the methods of generating a polarization-OAM-linear momentum entangled W state. Our method produces two mutually symmetric W states with strong entanglement and high dimension, which is expected to realize the secure communication of extending quantum bits.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
华南师范大学信息光电子科技学院, 广东省微纳光子功能材料与器件重点实验室, 广州 510631;

2.
广东有线广播电视网络股份有限公司, 广州 510066

基金项目: “十二五”国家密码发展基金密码理论课题研究项目(批准号: MMJJ201401011)、广东省省部产学研引导项目(批准号: 2012B091100063)和广州市科技计划项目科学研究专项(批准号: 2014J4100050)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;

2.
Guangdong Cable TV Network Co., LTD, Guangzhou 510066, China

Funds: Project supported by the Program of the National Code Development Foundation and Cryptography Project Research during the 12st Five-Year Plan Period of China (Grant No. MMJJ201401011), the Program of Provincial Guidance for Producing, Studying and Researching of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2012B091100063) and the Program of Science and Technology for the Special Scientific Research, Guangzhou, China (Grant No. 2014J4100050).

参考文献

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[2]	Zhou X Q, Wu Y W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1881 (in Chinese) [周小清, 邬云文 2007 56 1881]
[3]	Karlsson A, Bourennane M 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 4394
[4]	Zhou N R, Song H C, Gong L H, Liu Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 214203 (in Chinese) [周南润, 宋汉冲, 龚黎华, 刘晔 2012 61 214203]
[5]	Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661
[6]	Lin Q, Bai Y K, Ye M Y, Lin X M 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 030304
[7]	Dür W, Vidal G, Cirac J 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 062314
[8]	Höffner H, Hönsel W, Roos C F, Benhelm J 2005 Nature 438 643
[9]	Guo G C, Zhang Y S 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 054302
[10]	Chen L B, Ye M Y, Lin G W, Du Q H, Lin X M 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 062304
[11]	Zhang C L, Li W Z, Chen M F 2013 Opt. Commun. 311 301
[12]	Zou X B, Pahlke K, Mathis W 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 044302
[13]	Eibl M, Kiesel N, Bourennane M, Kurtsiefer C, Weinfurter H 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 077901
[14]	Mikami H, Li Y, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 70 052308
[15]	Tashima T, Wakatsuki T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 130502
[16]	Tashima T, Kitano T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 210503
[17]	Wang T J, Long G L 2013 JOSA B 30 1069
[18]	Grfe M, Heilmann R, Perez-Leija A, Keil R, Dreisow F, Heinrich M, Moya-Cessa H, Nolte S, Christodoulides D N, Szameit A 2014 Nature Photon. 8 791
[19]	Shih Y H, Alley C O 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2921
[20]	Kwiat P G, Mattle K, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A, Sergienko A V, Shih Y 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 4337
[21]	Kwiat P G, Waks E, White A G, Appelbaum I, Eberhard P H 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 R773
[22]	Dür W 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 020303
[23]	Koashi M, Buek V, Imoto N 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 R050302
[24]	Leach J, Jack B, Romero J, Ritsch-Marte M, Boyd R W, Jha A K, Barnett S M, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J 2009 Opt. Express 17 8287
[25]	Mair A, Vaziri A, Weihs G, Zeilinger A 2001 Nature 412 313
[26]	Karimi E, Leach J, Slussarenko S, Piccirillo B, Marrucci L, Chen L X, She W L, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J, Santamato E 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022115
[27]	Zhang C X, Guo B H, Cheng G M, Guo J J, Fan R H 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 2043
[28]	Marrucci L, Manzo C, Paparo D 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 163905
[29]	Chen L X, She W 2010 JOSA B 27 A7
[30]	Torres J P, Deyanova Y, Torner L, Molina-Terriza G 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 052313
[31]	Franke-Arnold S, Barnett S M, Yao E, Leach J, Courtial J, Padgett M 2004 New J. Phys. 6 103
[32]	Chen L X, She W 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 032305

施引文献

[1]	Bennett C H, Brassard G, Crépeau C, Jozsa R, Peres A, Wootters W K 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1895
[2]	Zhou X Q, Wu Y W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 1881 (in Chinese) [周小清, 邬云文 2007 56 1881]
[3]	Karlsson A, Bourennane M 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58 4394
[4]	Zhou N R, Song H C, Gong L H, Liu Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 214203 (in Chinese) [周南润, 宋汉冲, 龚黎华, 刘晔 2012 61 214203]
[5]	Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661
[6]	Lin Q, Bai Y K, Ye M Y, Lin X M 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 030304
[7]	Dür W, Vidal G, Cirac J 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 062314
[8]	Höffner H, Hönsel W, Roos C F, Benhelm J 2005 Nature 438 643
[9]	Guo G C, Zhang Y S 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 054302
[10]	Chen L B, Ye M Y, Lin G W, Du Q H, Lin X M 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 062304
[11]	Zhang C L, Li W Z, Chen M F 2013 Opt. Commun. 311 301
[12]	Zou X B, Pahlke K, Mathis W 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 044302
[13]	Eibl M, Kiesel N, Bourennane M, Kurtsiefer C, Weinfurter H 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 077901
[14]	Mikami H, Li Y, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 70 052308
[15]	Tashima T, Wakatsuki T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 130502
[16]	Tashima T, Kitano T, Özdemir S K, Yamamoto T, Koashi M, Imoto N 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 210503
[17]	Wang T J, Long G L 2013 JOSA B 30 1069
[18]	Grfe M, Heilmann R, Perez-Leija A, Keil R, Dreisow F, Heinrich M, Moya-Cessa H, Nolte S, Christodoulides D N, Szameit A 2014 Nature Photon. 8 791
[19]	Shih Y H, Alley C O 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2921
[20]	Kwiat P G, Mattle K, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A, Sergienko A V, Shih Y 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 4337
[21]	Kwiat P G, Waks E, White A G, Appelbaum I, Eberhard P H 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 R773
[22]	Dür W 2001 Phys. Rev. A 63 020303
[23]	Koashi M, Buek V, Imoto N 2000 Phys. Rev. A 62 R050302
[24]	Leach J, Jack B, Romero J, Ritsch-Marte M, Boyd R W, Jha A K, Barnett S M, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J 2009 Opt. Express 17 8287
[25]	Mair A, Vaziri A, Weihs G, Zeilinger A 2001 Nature 412 313
[26]	Karimi E, Leach J, Slussarenko S, Piccirillo B, Marrucci L, Chen L X, She W L, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J, Santamato E 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 022115
[27]	Zhang C X, Guo B H, Cheng G M, Guo J J, Fan R H 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 2043
[28]	Marrucci L, Manzo C, Paparo D 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 163905
[29]	Chen L X, She W 2010 JOSA B 27 A7
[30]	Torres J P, Deyanova Y, Torner L, Molina-Terriza G 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 052313
[31]	Franke-Arnold S, Barnett S M, Yao E, Leach J, Courtial J, Padgett M 2004 New J. Phys. 6 103
[32]	Chen L X, She W 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 032305

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