社会群体中观点的信任、演化与共识

苏炯铭; 刘宝宏; 李琦; 马宏绪

doi:10.7498/aps.63.050501

摘要

针对连续观点动力学模型中缺乏对个体信任及其观点的不同权重的考虑，本文通过扩展Hegselmann-Krause模型，引入个体间的信任度和观点间的相似度，将有限信任假设扩展为有限影响假设，建立带权重的观点更新模型，以研究社会群体中少数的偏执个体和权威个体对观点形成、演化以及共识构建过程的影响. 仿真结果表明，这两类个体的初始观点尽量接近观点分布区间中点0.5或者增加偏执个体的影响阈值和权威个体的可信任程度可以使群体形成更少和更大的观点簇. 随着偏执个体的影响阈值增加，最大簇的观点位置集中于0.5附近；而增加权威个体的可信任程度，最大簇的观点不断接近权威个体的最终观点. 模型结果能够在一定程度上反映和解释现实社会中偏执个体和权威个体现象.

关键词:

Abstract

Most dynamical models with continuous opinion lack the considerations of trust between individuals and different weights of opinions. This article extends the Hegselmann-Krause model by introducing the trust between individuals and the similarity between opinions, and extending the hypothesis of bounded confidence to bounded influence. Finally, the model of opinion updating with weights is proposed. We have studied the formation, evolution of opinions in a social group and consensus-building process under the influence of a few of narrow-minded and authoritative individuals. Simulation results show that decreases of the difference between the initial opinions of two types of individuals and the midpoint of distribution range (0.5), or increases of the influence thresholds of narrow-minded individuals and the trust degree of authoritative individuals would form larger and fewer opinion clusters. As the influence thresholds of narrow-minded individuals increases, the opinion of maximum cluster concentrates at near 0.5, but the trust degree of authoritative individuals will increases to make the opinion of maximum cluster constantly approach the final opinion of authoritative individuals. These results can reflect and explain the realistic social phenomenon with narrow-minded individuals and authoritative individuals to a certain extent.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
国防科学技术大学机电工程与自动化学院, 长沙 410073;

2.
国防科学技术大学信息系统与管理学院, 长沙 410073

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：61374185）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;

2.
College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61374185).

参考文献

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[39]	Singh P, Sreenivasan S, Szymanski B K, Korniss G 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 046104

施引文献

[1]	Xia H X, Wang H L, Xuan Z G 2011 Intenational Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 2 72
[2]	Castellano C, Fortunato S, Loreto V 2009 Reviews of Modern Physics 81 591
[3]	Lorenz J 2007 International Journal of Modern Physics C 18 1819
[4]	Galam S, Gefen Y, Shapir Y 1982 J. Math. Sociol. 9 1
[5]	Galam S, Moscovici S 1991 Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 21 49
[6]	Holley R, Liggett T 1975 Ann. Probab. 3 643
[7]	Slanina F, Lavička H 2003 Eur. Phys. J. B 35 279
[8]	Galam S 2002 Eur. Phys. J. B 25 403
[9]	Nowak A, Szamrej J, Latané B 1990 Psychol. Rev. 97 362
[10]	Lewenstein M, Nowak A, Latané B 1992 Phys. Rev. A 45 763
[11]	Sznajd-Weron K, Sznajd J 2000 International Journal of Modern Physics C 11 1157
[12]	Sznajd-Weron K 2005 Acta Phys. Pol. B 36 2537
[13]	Deffuant G, Neau D, Amblard F, Weisbuch G 2000 Advances in Complex Systems 3 87
[14]	Fortunato S 2004 International Journal of Modern Physics C 15 1301
[15]	Lorenz J, Urbig D 2007 Adv. Complex Syst. 10 251
[16]	Hegselmann R, Krauze U 2002 Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 5 8
[17]	Fortunato S 2005 International Journal of Modern Physics C 16 259
[18]	Deffuant G, Amblard F, Weisbuch G, Faure T 2002 Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 5 4
[19]	Hegselmann R, Krause U 2004 Comput. Econ. 25 381
[20]	Fortunato S, Latora V, Pluchino A, Rapisarda A 2005 International Journal of Modern Physics C 16 1535
[21]	Hendrickx J M 2008 Physica A 387 5255
[22]	Urbig D, Lorenz J, Herzberg H 2008 Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 11 4
[23]	Pan Z Z 2010 Mathematical Social Sciences 60 69
[24]	Gandica Y, Marcelo del Castillo-Mussot, Vázquez G J, Rojas S 2010 Physica A 389 5864
[25]	Gargiulo F, Huet S 2010 EPL 91 58004
[26]	Evguenii K, Héctor A J, Ricardo A G 2011 Physica A 390 2945
[27]	Li P P, Zheng D F, Hui P M 2006 Phys. Rev. E 73 056128
[28]	Wang R, Chi L P, Cai X 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 1502
[29]	Feng C F, Guan J Y, Wu Z X, Wang Y H 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 060203
[30]	Luo Z, Yang G Q, Di Z R 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 190509 (in Chinese) [罗植, 杨冠琼, 狄增如 2012 61 190509]
[31]	Guo Q, Liu J G, Wang B H, Zhou T, Chen X W, Yao Y H 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 773
[32]	Shi X M, Shi L, Zhang J F 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 038701
[33]	He M H, Zhang D M, Wang H Y, Li X G, Fang P J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5175 (in Chinese) [何敏华, 张端明, 王海艳, 李小刚, 方频捷 2010 59 5175]
[34]	Iniguez G, Kertész J, Kaski K K, Barrio R A 2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 066119
[35]	Kozma B, Barrat A 2008 Phys. Rev. E 77 016102
[36]	Fu F, Wang L 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 016104
[37]	Holme P, Newman M E J 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 056108
[38]	Zhong L X, Ren F, Qiu T, Xu J R, Chen B H, Liu C F 2010 Physica A 389 2557
[39]	Singh P, Sreenivasan S, Szymanski B K, Korniss G 2012 Phys. Rev. E 85 046104

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