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In order to establish quantitative timbre representation of underwater noise, this paper tries to build a relationship between essential timbre scores and central auditory responses to stimulus based on partial least squares regression, and use regression coefficients to interpret the physical meaning of each dimension. In order to verify the utility of this method, this paper extracts a large amount of timbre descriptors as independent variables for comparisons, and it is shown that the predictive ability of the central auditory model is better. Finally it is found from two types of timbre representations that the first three dimensions in the timbre space can be respectively interpreted as high-frequency energy ratio, spectral flatness and temporal continuity; however, dimension 4 cannot be related to any acoustical features.
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Keywords:
- essential timbre /
- central auditory model /
- partial least squares regression /
- timbre descriptor
[1] Wang N, Chen K A 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2873 (in Chinese) [王娜, 陈克安 2010 59 2873]
[2] Zwicker H E, Fastl H 1999 Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Press)
[3] Donnadieu S 2007 Analysis, Synthesis, and Perception of Musical Sounds (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Press) p272-319
[4] Peeters G, Giordano B L, Susini P, Misdariis N, MaAdams S 2011 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130 2902
[5] Collier G L 2004 Speech Commun. 43 297
[6] Wang N, Chen K A, Huang H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 5730 (in Chinese) [王娜, 陈克安, 黄凰 2009 58 5730]
[7] Wang N 2010 Ph.D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Northwestern Polytechnical University) (in Chinese) [王娜 2010 博士学位论文 (西安: 西北工业大学)]
[8] Shamma S 2003 IETE J. Res. 49 1
[9] Chi T, Gao Y H, Guyton M C, Ru P, Shamma S 1999 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106 2719
[10] Mesgarani N, Shihab S, Slaney M 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 17-21, 2004 I-601
[11] Kumar S, Foster H M, Bailey P, Griffiths T D 2008 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124 3810
[12] Chen K A, Wu Y, Yang L X 2011 Appl Acoust 30 407 (in Chinese) [陈克安, 伍莹, 杨立学 2011 应用声学 30 407]
[13] Chen K A, Wang N, Wu Y, Ma M, Zhang B R 2010 Chinese Sci. Bull. 55 651 (in Chinese) [陈克安, 王娜, 伍莹, 马苗, 张冰瑞 2010 科学通报 55 651]
[14] Meddis R, Hewitt M J, Shackleton T M 1990 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87 1813
[15] Wang H W 1999 Partial Least-Squares Regression: Method and Applications (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) (in Chinese) [王慧文 1999 偏最小二乘回归方法及其应用 (北京: 国防工业出版社)]
[16] Akitoshi I, Hiroshi Y 2006 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems Singapore, December 4-7, 2006 992
[17] Fabian M, Ultsch A, Thies M, Lohken I 2006 IEEE Trans. Audio and Speech Processing 14 81
[18] Vassilakis P N 2007 Proceedings SMC’07, 4th Sound and Music Computing Conference Lefkada, Greece, July 11-13, 2007 319
[19] Gygi B, Kidd G R, Watson C S 2007 Percept Psycho 69 839
[20] Mackie R R, Wylie C D, Ridihalgh R R, Shultz T E, Seltzer M L 1981 Some Dimensions of Auditory Sonar Signal Perception and Their Relationship to Target Classification ADA102598, California: Human Factors Research
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[1] Wang N, Chen K A 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2873 (in Chinese) [王娜, 陈克安 2010 59 2873]
[2] Zwicker H E, Fastl H 1999 Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Press)
[3] Donnadieu S 2007 Analysis, Synthesis, and Perception of Musical Sounds (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Press) p272-319
[4] Peeters G, Giordano B L, Susini P, Misdariis N, MaAdams S 2011 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130 2902
[5] Collier G L 2004 Speech Commun. 43 297
[6] Wang N, Chen K A, Huang H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 5730 (in Chinese) [王娜, 陈克安, 黄凰 2009 58 5730]
[7] Wang N 2010 Ph.D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Northwestern Polytechnical University) (in Chinese) [王娜 2010 博士学位论文 (西安: 西北工业大学)]
[8] Shamma S 2003 IETE J. Res. 49 1
[9] Chi T, Gao Y H, Guyton M C, Ru P, Shamma S 1999 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106 2719
[10] Mesgarani N, Shihab S, Slaney M 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 17-21, 2004 I-601
[11] Kumar S, Foster H M, Bailey P, Griffiths T D 2008 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124 3810
[12] Chen K A, Wu Y, Yang L X 2011 Appl Acoust 30 407 (in Chinese) [陈克安, 伍莹, 杨立学 2011 应用声学 30 407]
[13] Chen K A, Wang N, Wu Y, Ma M, Zhang B R 2010 Chinese Sci. Bull. 55 651 (in Chinese) [陈克安, 王娜, 伍莹, 马苗, 张冰瑞 2010 科学通报 55 651]
[14] Meddis R, Hewitt M J, Shackleton T M 1990 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87 1813
[15] Wang H W 1999 Partial Least-Squares Regression: Method and Applications (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) (in Chinese) [王慧文 1999 偏最小二乘回归方法及其应用 (北京: 国防工业出版社)]
[16] Akitoshi I, Hiroshi Y 2006 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems Singapore, December 4-7, 2006 992
[17] Fabian M, Ultsch A, Thies M, Lohken I 2006 IEEE Trans. Audio and Speech Processing 14 81
[18] Vassilakis P N 2007 Proceedings SMC’07, 4th Sound and Music Computing Conference Lefkada, Greece, July 11-13, 2007 319
[19] Gygi B, Kidd G R, Watson C S 2007 Percept Psycho 69 839
[20] Mackie R R, Wylie C D, Ridihalgh R R, Shultz T E, Seltzer M L 1981 Some Dimensions of Auditory Sonar Signal Perception and Their Relationship to Target Classification ADA102598, California: Human Factors Research
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