The dynamic interaction of microbubbles in an ultrasonic field is a core issue for precisely manipulating acoustofluidics and the efficient application of ultrasonic cavitation. Existing microbubble generation technologies, such as ultrasonic cavitation and laser-induced nucleation, are generally limited by non-uniform bubble sizes, random spatial distribution, and the difficulty in balancing high-precision control with high-throughput repeatability. Furthermore, multi-bubble dynamics theory currently lacks systematic experimental support under multi-parameter coupling such as initial radius, spacing, and orientation angle. In this study, we propose an experimental method that uses low-intensity ultrasound, with a hydrophobic surface serving as a stable bubble source to release surface microbubbles. These microbubbles then migrate towards the acoustic pressure antinode. Using high-speed imaging technology, we systematically observe and analyze the mutual translational behaviors of coupled dual bubbles in the aggregation region, identifying four translational modes with distinct characteristics. The results indicate that the bubble aggregation region is precisely located at the acoustic pressure antinode, and the bubble area fraction within this region increases significantly as dimensionless power increases. The four identified translational modes, which are strongly coupled with radial oscillation, consist of a “velocity bouncing-collision” process. Modes I and III are characterized by accelerated collisions caused by velocity bouncing and radial contraction, whereas Modes II and IV are characterized by decelerated collisions resulting from velocity bouncing and radial expansion. Statistical analysis of the dual-bubble translational collision data demonstrates that as power increases, the amplitude of radial oscillation increases, the number of velocity bounces decreases, and the translational collision process accelerates significantly. Moreover, at higher power levels, Modes III and IV tend to degenerate towards Modes I and II. The initial radius ratio, initial spacing, and collision Reynolds number are key parameters that regulate the translational modes. Modes I and II dominate when the initial radius ratio deviates from 1 and the initial spacing exceeds 350 μm, whereas Modes III and IV are more likely to occur when the initial radius ratio approaches 1 and the initial spacing is less than 200 μm. The orientation angle has no significant effect on the modes. The predictions of the dual-bubble theoretical model show good agreement with the experimental data, which validates the precise regulatory mechanism of radial oscillation on bubble translational behavior. These insights into the translational motion laws of dual bubbles in low-intensity ultrasonic fields provide a crucial experimental basis for the dynamic modeling of multi-bubble systems, and they also hold significant implications for the optimal design of acoustofluidic devices, targeted microbubble delivery, and the optimization of ultrasonic cavitation applications.