Frequency-modulated continuous wave ranging technology is widely used in industrial manufacturing. Because the on-site working environments are complex, the measured target may have slight vibration. The Doppler frequency shift caused by vibration leads to the broadening of the beat frequency signal generated by the superposition of the reference light wave and the measuring light wave in the continuous wave ranging system, which reduces the measurement accuracy of the ranging system. In this paper, we analyze the measurement principle of frequency modulation continuous wave ranging technology and the influence of target vibration on the range measurement accuracy. The analysis results indicate that the target vibration displacement can amplify the measurement error by dozens to hundreds of times. To address the above measurement error caused by tiny vibration displacement, in this paper we propose a vibration suppression method for the frequency modulation continuous wave ranging based on the four-wave mixing effect. Firstly, the generation principle of four-wave mixing is introduced. The single-frequency laser is used as the pump light, and the tunable laser is used as the signal light. These two lights are simultaneously incident into the highly nonlinear fiber. The converted light is generated by the third-order parametric process of the nonlinear medium of the fiber. The converted light and the signal light from the tunable laser form a symmetrical light source with scanning directions that are completely opposite. When the superimposed upper and lower scanning lights are filtered by high-pass filtering, the influence of vibration on the measurement signal is suppressed. Secondly, an experimental system of the four-wave mixing frequency modulation continuous wave is built, and the single-point measurement stability is verified. Based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometric measurement principle, a four-wave mixing effect frequency modulation continuous wave range measurement system is constructed. The static target at 6.9 m away is measured by this constructed ranging system. The distance of peak-to-bottom range is reduced from 199.8 μm before vibration suppression to 16μm, which represents an improvement of more than 12 times. A ranging accuracy comparison experiment is also carried out in a range of 6–7.2 m, and the ranging accuracy is lower than 9.4 μm. Experimental results demonstrate that the vibration suppression method utilizing the four-wave mixing effect can effectively improve the measurement accuracy of frequency modulation continuous wave ranging, which holds significant importance in industrial applications.