High-pressure science has emerged as one of the core frontiers for exploring novel states of matters and phenomena under extreme conditions. In high-pressure environments, the in situ detection of physical quantities such as magnetic fields and pressure is crucial for understanding material behaviors under extreme conditions. However, traditional high-pressure magnetic sensing techniques often face challenges such as low spatial resolution, poor sensitivity, and difficulties in achieving in situ magnetic detection.

In recent years, quantum sensors based on solid-state color centers, such as nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, silicon-vacancy/double-vacancy centers in silicon carbide, and color centers in hexagonal boron nitride, have enabled high-pressure quantum metrology with micrometer-scale spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and superior in situ detection capabilities, offering innovative solutions for high-pressure research.

This review systematically summarizes the effects of extreme high-pressure conditions on the optical and spin properties of these solid-state defects. Furthermore, taking high-pressure magnetic phase transition studies of magnetic materials and Meissner effect measurements in superconductors for example, we highlight recent advances in in situ magnetic sensing using solid-state color centers under high pressure. This review aims to provide technical guidance for developing high-pressure quantum precision measurement techniques based on solid-state defects in the future.