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中国物理学会期刊

CFETR参数下\boldsymbol \alpha粒子慢化过程的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of \boldsymbol \alpha particle slowing-down process under CFETR scenario

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20230700
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  • 氘氚聚变产生的高能量α粒子是维持未来托卡马克反应堆等离子体高温的主要加热源, 良好的α粒子约束对于维持稳态燃烧等离子体至关重要. 在持续发生聚变反应的系统中, α粒子远离热平衡, 呈现非麦克斯韦分布. 如果忽略轨道效应, 基于局域库仑碰撞的假设可以得到α粒子的经典慢化分布, 然而由于α粒子存在较大的漂移轨道宽度, 空间输运不容忽视, 为得到更为准确的α粒子分布函数, 需要开展相关的数值计算. 本文使用模拟程序PTC (particle tracer code)在中国聚变工程试验堆(CFETR)不同的放电模式下, 采用粒子轨道跟踪和蒙特卡罗碰撞方法, 对α粒子慢化过程进行了数值模拟, 获得了更为真实的α粒子分布函数, 并将其与经典慢化分布进行了对比. 结果显示分布函数在中等能量附近和经典慢化分布存在较大差异. 进一步的分析表明, 这是由于中等能量下α粒子的较强的径向输运引起的. 本文的研究结果对准确评估α粒子加热背景等离子体的能力具有重要参考价值.

     

    The high-energy α particles produced by deuterium-tritium fusion are the primary heating source for maintaining high temperatures in future tokamak plasma. Effective confinement of α particles is crucial for sustaining steady-state burning plasma. The initial energy of α particles is 3.5 \text MeV . According to theoretical calculations, it takes approximately 1 second to slow down α particles through Coulomb collisions to an energy range similar to the energy range of the background plasma. In the slowing-down process, some α particles may be lost owing to various transport processes. One significant research problem is how to utilize α particles to effectively heat fuel ions so as to sustain fusion reactions in a reactor. Assuming local Coulomb collisions and neglecting orbital effects, a classical slowing-down distribution for α particles can be derived. However, considering the substantial drift orbit width of α particles and the importance of spatial transport, numerical calculations are required to obtain more accurate α particle distribution function. In this study, the particle tracer code (PTC) is used to numerically simulate the slowing-down process of α particles under different scenarios in the Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). By combining particle orbit tracing method with Monte Carlo collision method, a more realistic α particle distribution function can be obtained and compared with the classical slowing-down distribution. The results show significant differences between this distribution function and the classical slowing-down distribution, particularly in the moderate energy range. Further analysis indicates that these disparities are primarily caused by the strong radial transport of α particles at these energy levels. The research findings hold profound implications for the precise evaluating of ability of α particles to heat the background plasma. Understanding and characterizing the behavior of α particles in the slowing-down process and their interaction with the plasma is critical for designing and optimizing future fusion reactors. By attaining a deeper comprehension of the spatial transport and distribution of α particles, it becomes possible to enhance the efficiency of fuel ion heating and sustain fusion reactions more effectively. This study establishes a foundation for subsequent investigations and evaluation of α particles as a highly efficient heating source for fusion plasmas.

     

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