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中国物理学会期刊

基于非高斯态区分探测的往返式离散调制连续变量量子密钥分发方案

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20222253

Plug-and-play discrete modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution based on non-Gaussian state-discrimination detection

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.72.20222253
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  • 往返式离散调制连续变量量子密钥分发, 无需使用两台独立的激光器也能本地生成本振光, 并且信号光与本振光均来自于同一台激光器, 在有效保证系统实际安全性的同时, 具有较好的同频特性. 此外, 该方案与高效纠错码具有良好的兼容性, 即使在低信噪比情况下也能获得较高的协商效率. 然而, 基于非可信信源模型的往返式光路结构存在较大的过噪声, 严重限制离散调制方案的最大传输距离. 针对这个问题, 本文提出基于非高斯态区分探测的往返式离散调制连续变量量子密钥分发方案, 即在探测端部署非高斯态区分探测器, 采用自适应测量方法并结合贝叶斯推论, 可以在满足低于标准量子极限错误概率的情况下无条件区分出基于四态离散调制的四种非正交相干态. 本文详细分析了所提出的基于非高斯态区分探测的往返式离散调制连续变量量子密钥分发方案的安全性, 包括渐近情况与有限长效应情况. 仿真结果表明所提出的方案相比于原始方案, 即使在有信源噪声的情况下, 其密钥率与最大传输距离仍然有明显的提升. 这些结果表明本方案能够有效降低往返式离散调制连续变量量子密钥分发方案中非可信信源噪声对方案性能的负面影响, 在保证系统实际安全性的同时, 实现更高效、更远传输距离的量子密钥分发.

     

    Plug-and-play discrete modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution can generate local oscillator light locally without using two independent lasers, and both signal light and local oscillator are generated from the same laser, which can effectively ensure the practical security of the system and have a completely identical frequency characteristic. In addition, this scheme has good compatibility with efficient error correction codes, and can achieve high reconciliation efficiency even at low signal-to-noise ratio. However, there exists large excess noise in the plug-and-play configuration based on the untrusted source model, which seriously limits the maximum transmission distance of the discrete modulation scheme. To solve this problem, we propose a plug-and-play discrete modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution based on non-Gaussian state-discrimination detection. That is to say, a non-Gaussian state-discrimination detector is deployed at the receiver. With adaptive measurement method and Bayesian inference, four non-orthogonal coherent states which are based on four-state discrete modulation can be unconditionally distinguished on condition that the error probability is lower than the standard quantum limit. We analyze the security of the proposed protocol by considering both asymptotic limit and finite-size effect. Simulation results show that the secret key rate and maximum transmission distance are significantly enhanced by using no-Gaussian state-discrimination detection even under the influence of the untrusted source noise compared with the original plug-and-play discrete modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution. These results indicate that the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the negative influence of the untrust source noise on the performance of the plug-and-play discrete modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution protocol. The proposed protocol can not only ensure the practical security of the system, but also achieve more efficient and longer transmission distance quantum key distribution.

     

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