基于中国散裂中子源反角白光中子束线的天然锂中子全截面测量

张江林; 姜炳; 陈永浩; 郭子安; 王小鹤; 蒋伟; 易晗; 韩建龙; 胡继峰; 唐靖宇; 陈金根; 蔡翔舟

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20211646

摘要

锂是熔盐堆燃料载体盐的主要材料之一, 其中子核反应截面数据是熔盐堆芯中子物理设计及堆芯长期安全运行中的重要基础数据. 本工作基于中国散裂中子源反角白光中子束线(CSNS Back-n)飞行时间谱仪, 利用中子全截面测量谱仪(NTOX), 采用透射法测量了天然锂中子全截面. 实验中, 中子飞行距离约为76.0 m, 采用15.0 mm和8.00 mm两种厚度的天然锂金属样品, 在0.4 eV—20 MeV中子能量范围内测得了统计计数较好的中子全截面. 特别是在keV及以下能区增补了实验数据, 为锂的核数据评价工作提供了更加丰富和可靠的实验数据. 在此基础上, 采用1/v律和R矩阵理论对MeV以下能区的新测量数据进行了理论分析, 获得了⁷Li和⁶Li在260 keV能量附近的中子共振参数.

关键词:

Abstract

Lithium is one of the main materials of fuel carrier salt in molten salt reactors. Its neutron cross section provides an important basic datum for physical design of molten salt reactor core and for evaluating the safety of the core during operation. The total neutron cross sections of natural lithium samples with thickness values of 8.00 mm and 15.0 mm are measured, respectively, in an energy range from 0.4 eV to 20 MeV by using a neutron total cross section spectrometer (NTOX) with the transmission method at the Back-n white neutron source of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS Back-n) with a 76.0 m time-of-flight path. High quality experimental data are obtained, especially in the energy region of keV and below, which supply a significative supplement of the data, thereby providing more abundant and reliable experimental data for nuclear data evaluation of lithium. Additionally, a theoretical analysis is carried out under the guidance of 1/v law and the multilevel R-matrix theory. And the resonance parameters of n+^6,7Li reaction around the energy of 260 keV are extracted from the measured data.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院上海应用物理研究所, 上海　201800

2.
中国科学院先进核能创新研究院, 上海　201800

3.
中国科学院大学, 北京　100049

4.
中国科学院高能物理研究所, 北京　100049

5.
散裂中子源科学中心, 东莞　523803

通信作者: 韩建龙, hanjianlong@sinap.ac.cn ; 胡继峰, hujifeng@sinap.ac.cn ;

基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(批准号: XDA02010000)、中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(批准号: QYZDY-SSW-JSC016)和国家自然科学基金重大项目(批准号: 11790321)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

2.
Innovative Academy in TMSR Energy System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

4.
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

5.
Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China

Corresponding author: Han Jian-Long, hanjianlong@sinap.ac.cn ; Hu Ji-Feng, hujifeng@sinap.ac.cn ;

Funds: Project supported by the Chinese TMSR Strategic Pioneer Science and Technology Project (Grant No. XDA02010000), the Frontier Science Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. QYZDY-SSW-JSC016), and the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11790321).

文章全文

参考文献

[1]	江绵恒, 徐洪杰, 戴志敏 2012 中国科学院院刊 27 366 Google Scholar Jiang M H, Xu H J, Dai Z M 2012 Bull. Chin. Acad. Sci. 27 366 Google Scholar
[2]	Egorov M V 2019 Nucl. Phys. A 986 175 Google Scholar
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[4]	胡继峰, 王小鹤, 李文江, 李晓晓, 韩建龙 2019 核技术 42 030601 Google Scholar Hu J F, Wang X H, Li W J, Li X X, Han J L 2019 J. Nucl. Tech. 42 030601 Google Scholar
[5]	Otuka N, Dupont E, Semkova V, Pritychenko B, Blokhin A I, Aikawae M, Babykinaf S, Bossantb M, Cheng G, Dunaevah S, Forresta R A, Fukahorii T, Furutachie N, Ganesanj S, Geg Z, Gritzayk O O, Hermanc M, Hlavačl S, Zhuang Y 2014 Nucl. Data Sheets 120 272 Google Scholar
[6]	Dunning J R, Pegram G B, Fink G A, Mitchell D P 1935 Phys. Rev. 48 265 Google Scholar
[7]	Havens W W, Rainwater J 1946 Phys. Rev. 70 154 Google Scholar
[8]	Hibdon C T 1950 Phys. Rev. 79 747 Google Scholar
[9]	Jing H T, Tang J Y, Tang H Q, Xia H H, Liang T J, Zhou Z Y, Zhong Q P, Ruan X C 2010 Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 621 91 Google Scholar
[10]	Chen H S, Wang X L 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 689 Google Scholar
[11]	An Q, Bai H Y, Bao J, et al. 2017 J. Instr. 12 07022
[12]	唐靖宇, 敬罕涛, 夏海鸿, 唐洪庆, 张闯, 周祖英, 阮锡超, 张奇玮, 杨征 2013 原子能科学技术 47 1089 Google Scholar Tang J Y, Jing H T, Xia H H, Tang H Q, Zhang C, Zhou Z Y, Ruan X C, Zhang Q W, Yang Z 2013 J. Atom. Ener. 47 1089 Google Scholar
[13]	Liu X Y, Yang Y W, Liu R, et al. 2019 Nucl. Sci. Tech. 30 139 Google Scholar
[14]	鲍杰, 陈永浩, 张显彭等 2019 68 080101 Google Scholar Bao J, Chen Y H, Zhang X P, et al. 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 080101 Google Scholar
[15]	Yi H, Wang T F, Li Y, et al. 2020 J. Instr. 15 03026
[16]	Jiang B, Han L J, Jiang W, Hu J F, Wang X H, Chen J G, Cai X Z 2021 Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 1013 165677 Google Scholar
[17]	Reich C W, Moore M S 1958 Phys. Rev. 111 929 Google Scholar
[18]	Trkov A, Griffin P J, Simakov S P, et al. 2020 Nucl. Data Sheets 163 1 Google Scholar
[19]	Brown D A, Chadwick M B, Capote R, et al. 2018 Nucl. Data Sheets 148 1 Google Scholar
[20]	Stelson P H, Preston W M 1951 Phys. Rev. 84 162 Google Scholar
[21]	Johnson C H, Willard H B, Bair J K 1954 Phys. Rev. 96 985 Google Scholar
[22]	姜炳, 王小鹤, 韩建龙, 胡继峰, 陈金根, 蔡翔舟 2021 原子能科学技术 55 8 Google Scholar Jiang B, Wang X H, Han J L, Hu J F, Chen J G, Cai X Z 2021 J. Atom. Ener. 55 8 Google Scholar
[23]	Ajzenberg-Selove F, Lauritsen T 1974 Nucl. Phys. A 227 1 Google Scholar
[24]	Tilley D R, Kelley J H, Godwin J L, Millener D J, Purcell J E, Sheu C G, Weller H R 2004 Nucl. Phys. A 754 155
[25]	Koning A J, Rochman D, Sublet J C, Dzysiuk N, Fleming M, van der Marck S 2019 Nucl. Data Sheets 155 1 Google Scholar
[26]	Willard H B, Bair J K, Kington J D, Cohn H O 1956 Phys. Rev. 101 765 Google Scholar
[27]	Tilley D R, Cheves C M, Godwin J L, Hale G M, Hofmann H M, Kelley J H, Sheu C G, Weller H R 2002 Nucl. Phys. A 708 3 Google Scholar

施引文献

图 1 实验布局示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic drawing of the layout of the measurement.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 第一层²³⁵U裂变层时间-幅度二维谱　(a) 无束流空靶; (b) 有束流空靶

Fig. 2. Amplitude-energy distribution in the first ²³⁵U cell: (a) Empty target without beam; (b) empty target with beam.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 裂变室输出的时间信号示例

Fig. 3. Signal of flight time in the fission chamber.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 裂变层第1层²³⁵U共振裂变峰的高斯拟合

Fig. 4. Gaussian fit of the resonance peaks in the first ²³⁵U cell.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 裂变室测得的归一后的中子能谱

Fig. 5. Normalized neutron energy spectrum measured by the fission chamber.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 测得的天然锂样品的中子透射率

Fig. 6. Measured transmission of the natural lithium samples.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 实验测得的天然锂中子全截面数据与IRDFF评价数据库中的数据 (1 b = 10^–28 m²)

Fig. 7. The measured neutron total cross section of the natural lithium and the data from IRDFF (1 b = 10^–28 m²).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 1/v律拟合天然锂在0.4 eV—0.1 MeV中子能区全截面测量结果

Fig. 8. Fitting results of the measured neutron total cross section of the natural lithium with 1/v law in the energy range of neutron from 0.4 eV to 0.1 MeV.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 R矩阵理论拟合15.0 mm样品靶中子透射率结果

Fig. 9. R-matrix analysis of the measured transmission of 15.0 mm natural lithium sample.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 裂变层第1层²³⁵U共振峰高斯拟合峰值结果

Table 1. Parameters of the Gaussian fit of the resonance peaks of the first ²³⁵U.

共振峰/eV	裂变峰中心值对应的信号输出时间 $ T_{\rm ff}^* $/ns	T_OF/ns
8.77	1892730 ± 34	1893569
12.40	1592672 ± 56	1593511
19.3	1276160 ± 46	1276999
注: ^*对应的误差为高斯拟合的误差, 即标准差.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 Li同位素中子核反应共振参数

Table 2. Resonance parameters of neutron reaction for ⁷Li and ⁶Li.

Isotope	J$^{\text{π }}$	$ \ell $	Reference	E_res/keV	Γ_γ/eV	Γ_n/eV	Γ_α/eV
⁷Li	3⁺	1	Ajzenberg-Selove ^[23]	261.2	0.07 ± 0.03	36.5	—
			Tilley^[24]	254 ± 3	0.07 ± 0.03	31 ± 7	—
			TENDL^[25]	259	0.12	32	—
			本工作	261.56	0.07	34.44	—
⁶Li	${\dfrac{5}{2}^ - }$	1	Willaid ^[26]	255	—	82	43
			Tilley^[27]	262	—	118	36
			TENDL ^[25]	254	—	92	—
			本工作	255.50	—	110.30	31.53

下载: 导出CSV

map

[1]	江绵恒, 徐洪杰, 戴志敏 2012 中国科学院院刊 27 366 Google Scholar Jiang M H, Xu H J, Dai Z M 2012 Bull. Chin. Acad. Sci. 27 366 Google Scholar
[2]	Egorov M V 2019 Nucl. Phys. A 986 175 Google Scholar
[3]	胡继峰, 余呈刚, 邹春燕, 蔡翔舟, 韩建龙, 陈金根 2017 原子能科学技术 51 2013 Google Scholar Hu J F, Yu C G, Zou C Y, Cai X Z, Han J L, Chen J G 2017 J. Atom. Ener. 51 2013 Google Scholar
[4]	胡继峰, 王小鹤, 李文江, 李晓晓, 韩建龙 2019 核技术 42 030601 Google Scholar Hu J F, Wang X H, Li W J, Li X X, Han J L 2019 J. Nucl. Tech. 42 030601 Google Scholar
[5]	Otuka N, Dupont E, Semkova V, Pritychenko B, Blokhin A I, Aikawae M, Babykinaf S, Bossantb M, Cheng G, Dunaevah S, Forresta R A, Fukahorii T, Furutachie N, Ganesanj S, Geg Z, Gritzayk O O, Hermanc M, Hlavačl S, Zhuang Y 2014 Nucl. Data Sheets 120 272 Google Scholar
[6]	Dunning J R, Pegram G B, Fink G A, Mitchell D P 1935 Phys. Rev. 48 265 Google Scholar
[7]	Havens W W, Rainwater J 1946 Phys. Rev. 70 154 Google Scholar
[8]	Hibdon C T 1950 Phys. Rev. 79 747 Google Scholar
[9]	Jing H T, Tang J Y, Tang H Q, Xia H H, Liang T J, Zhou Z Y, Zhong Q P, Ruan X C 2010 Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 621 91 Google Scholar
[10]	Chen H S, Wang X L 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 689 Google Scholar
[11]	An Q, Bai H Y, Bao J, et al. 2017 J. Instr. 12 07022
[12]	唐靖宇, 敬罕涛, 夏海鸿, 唐洪庆, 张闯, 周祖英, 阮锡超, 张奇玮, 杨征 2013 原子能科学技术 47 1089 Google Scholar Tang J Y, Jing H T, Xia H H, Tang H Q, Zhang C, Zhou Z Y, Ruan X C, Zhang Q W, Yang Z 2013 J. Atom. Ener. 47 1089 Google Scholar
[13]	Liu X Y, Yang Y W, Liu R, et al. 2019 Nucl. Sci. Tech. 30 139 Google Scholar
[14]	鲍杰, 陈永浩, 张显彭等 2019 68 080101 Google Scholar Bao J, Chen Y H, Zhang X P, et al. 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 080101 Google Scholar
[15]	Yi H, Wang T F, Li Y, et al. 2020 J. Instr. 15 03026
[16]	Jiang B, Han L J, Jiang W, Hu J F, Wang X H, Chen J G, Cai X Z 2021 Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 1013 165677 Google Scholar
[17]	Reich C W, Moore M S 1958 Phys. Rev. 111 929 Google Scholar
[18]	Trkov A, Griffin P J, Simakov S P, et al. 2020 Nucl. Data Sheets 163 1 Google Scholar
[19]	Brown D A, Chadwick M B, Capote R, et al. 2018 Nucl. Data Sheets 148 1 Google Scholar
[20]	Stelson P H, Preston W M 1951 Phys. Rev. 84 162 Google Scholar
[21]	Johnson C H, Willard H B, Bair J K 1954 Phys. Rev. 96 985 Google Scholar
[22]	姜炳, 王小鹤, 韩建龙, 胡继峰, 陈金根, 蔡翔舟 2021 原子能科学技术 55 8 Google Scholar Jiang B, Wang X H, Han J L, Hu J F, Chen J G, Cai X Z 2021 J. Atom. Ener. 55 8 Google Scholar
[23]	Ajzenberg-Selove F, Lauritsen T 1974 Nucl. Phys. A 227 1 Google Scholar
[24]	Tilley D R, Kelley J H, Godwin J L, Millener D J, Purcell J E, Sheu C G, Weller H R 2004 Nucl. Phys. A 754 155
[25]	Koning A J, Rochman D, Sublet J C, Dzysiuk N, Fleming M, van der Marck S 2019 Nucl. Data Sheets 155 1 Google Scholar
[26]	Willard H B, Bair J K, Kington J D, Cohn H O 1956 Phys. Rev. 101 765 Google Scholar
[27]	Tilley D R, Cheves C M, Godwin J L, Hale G M, Hofmann H M, Kelley J H, Sheu C G, Weller H R 2002 Nucl. Phys. A 708 3 Google Scholar

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