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中国物理学会期刊

声子系统中弹性波与热输运的拓扑与非互易现象

Topological and non-reciprocal phenomena in elastic waves and heat transport of phononic systems

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.68.20191463
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  • 声子是晶格集体振动模式二次量子化之后的准粒子激元. 在声子的框架下, 可以对固体中的力学、弹性波以及热现象进行统一描述. 随着对固体系统认识的提高, 声子成为补充和替代电子、光子的另一种操控固体器件的重要手段. 其中, 对声子体系中弹性波和热传导的调控在理论和应用上都具有非常巨大的价值. 弹性波作为信息载体具有构建新型芯片元件的潜力, 而调控以声子为能量载体的热则可以实现能量转化与器件优化. 该领域近些年来发展迅猛, 大量声子热二极管、弹性和热学超材料、热抽运等新奇材料与器件已经被科学家们预测并实现. 这些发展进一步得益于“拓扑”与“非互易性”概念在声子系统器件上的探究和应用.本文综述了声子体系中的拓扑和非互易性相关现象, 介绍部分最新研究成果并对发展趋势进行初步展望. 主要讨论弹性波和热传导中的拓扑和非互易性, 其中重点回顾了利用含时驱动实现的弹性波与热流的非互易传输现象. 这种动态调控手段的可调节性很大, 可广泛应用于各尺度多组分的声子弹性波与热输运体系之中.

     

    Phonon is a quasi-particle excitation after the second quantization of lattice vibration. In the phonon framework, we can describe mechanics, elastic wave and thermal phenomena in solid uniformly. With the development of our understanding about solid state systems, phonon has become an important method to control device in solid state, which can be seen as a supplement and replacement for electronics and photonics. Among them, the modulation of elastic wave and heat conduction in phonon system has great theoretical and practical value. Elastic wave as an information carrier has the potential to construct new chip elements, while manipulating thermal phonon as an energy carrier can achieve the goal of energy transformation and device optimization. These fields have developed rapidly in recent years. A large number of novel materials such as thermal diodes, elastic meta-materials, thermal meta-materials, and heat pumping devices have been predicted and obtained. These developments are inseparable from the application of the concept of "topology" to phonon systems and the realization of non-reciprocal devices on various scales. In this paper, the topological and nonreciprocal phenomena in phonon systems are tentatively summarized. Besides, the latest research results are introduced and the development trend is prospected. The non-reciprocity of elastic wave and heat flow realized by time-dependent driving is reviewed with emphasis. This method has a great flexibility and can be similarly applied to multi-component systems on all scales.

     

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