基于光学Parity-Time对称微腔结构的大范围电场传感器

方云团; 王誉雅; 夏景

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20190784

摘要

为解决传统电场传感器测量范围受限的技术难题, 设计了一种基于光学Parity-Time(PT)对称掺杂电光介质的微腔结构, 提出新的电场传感机制. 利用传输矩阵方法计算结构的传输谱, 发现独特的放大的缺陷模式. 缺陷模式的峰值和波长位置均随外电场变化, 由此可以利用缺陷模峰值变化和波长位置变化两种机制测量同一电场. 测量范围仅受电光介质击穿电场的限制, 可以为0—0.06 V/nm, 几乎涵盖了可能的电场环境. 对峰值变化传感机制, 灵敏度范围38.042—47.558 nm/V; 对波长变化传感机制, 灵敏度范围18.357—18.642 nm²/V, 在测量范围内平均分辨率为0.00925 V/nm.

关键词:

Abstract

In order to solve the technical problem of the traditional electric field sensor limited by its measurement range, a parity-time (PT) symmetric microcavity structure doped by electro-optical medium is designed, and a new electric field sensing mechanism is proposed. The transfer matrix method is used to calculate the transmission spectrum of the structure. A unique amplified defect mode is found. The peak value and wavelength position of the defect mode vary with the external electric field. The same electric field can be measured by using two mechanisms. One is to detect the change of the defect mode peak value, and the other is to measure the change of the defect mode wavelength position. The measurement range is limited only by the breakdown field value of the electro-optical medium, which can range from 0 to 0.06 V/nm, covering almost any possible electric field environment. For the peak-value sensing mechanism, the sensitivity range is 38.042—47.558 (nm/V); for the wavelength position sensing mechanism, the sensitivity range is 18.357—18.642 (nm²/V), and the average resolution in the measurement range is 0.00925 V/nm.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
江苏大学计算机科学与通信工程学院, 镇江　212013

2.
江苏大学, 江苏省工业网络安全技术重点实验室, 镇江　212013

通信作者: 方云团, fang_yt1965@sina.com

基金项目: 江苏省工业网络安全技术重点实验室开放基金(批准号: STICB201906)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

2.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Security Tech. for Industrial Cyberspace, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Corresponding author: Fang Yun-Tuan, fang_yt1965@sina.com

Funds: Project supported by Jiangsu Key laboratory of Security Tech. for Industrial Cyberspace, China (Grant No. STICB201906)

文章全文

参考文献

[1]	Fort A, Mugnaini M, Vignoli V, et al. 2011 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 60 2778 Google Scholar
[2]	Bateman M G, Stewart M F, Podgorny S J, et al. 2007 J. Atmos. Oceanic. Technol. 24 1245 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 结构示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic of designed structure.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 A, C层的介电常数的实部和虚部随波长的分布

Fig. 2. The real part and imaginary part of layers A and C, respectively.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同d_B下的结构透射率谱线

Fig. 3. Transmission spectra with different d_B.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同d_B下的缺陷模式的峰值位置变化

Fig. 4. The positions of defect modes with different d_B.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 周期数不同时的结构透射谱　(a) N = 5; (b) N = 6; (c) N = 7

Fig. 5. The transmission spectra of the structure with different period number: (a) N = 5; (b) N = 6; (c) N = 7.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 两种${{\omega }_0}$的取值得到的传输谱

Fig. 6. The transmission spectra of the structure with two values of ${{\omega }_0}$.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 两种方法研究结构周期数N = 6时缺陷模在结构内部对应的场分布　(a) 传输矩阵方法; (b) comsol软件频域仿真

Fig. 7. The field distributions inside the structure with N = 6: (a) Calculation based on the transfer matrix method; (b) frequency domain simulation based on Comsol.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 LiNbO₃的折射率与电场的关系

Fig. 8. The refraction index of LiNbO₃ with the electric field.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同电场条件下结构共振腔的透射谱

Fig. 9. The transmission spectra of the structure with different ecetric fields.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 (a)缺陷模峰值大小与电场的变化关系; (b)传感灵敏度

Fig. 10. (a) The peak value of defect mode versus the electric field; (b) the sensor sensitivity.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 (a)缺陷模波长与电场的变化关系; (b)灵敏度分布

Fig. 11. (a) The wavelength of defect mode versus the electric field; (b) the sensor sensitivity.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 传感器分辨率的确定, 图中标注峰值间隔等于峰的半角宽度

Fig. 12. The determination of resolution. The interval of two peaks is just equal to the half-angular breadth.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 不同$\alpha $取值下, 结构的透射谱峰值随电场的变化曲线

Fig. 13. The peak values of defect mode versus the electric fields with different$\alpha $.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

map

[1]	Fort A, Mugnaini M, Vignoli V, et al. 2011 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 60 2778 Google Scholar
[2]	Bateman M G, Stewart M F, Podgorny S J, et al. 2007 J. Atmos. Oceanic. Technol. 24 1245 Google Scholar
[3]	郑凤杰, 夏善红, 陈贤祥 2008 传感技术学报 21 946 Google Scholar Zheng F J, Xia S H, Chen X X 2008 Chinese J. Sens. Actuators 21 946 Google Scholar
[4]	Kainz A, Steiner H, Schalko J, Jachimowicz A, Kohl F, Stifter M, Beigelbeck R, Keplinger F, Hortschitz W 2018 Nat. Electron. 1 68 Google Scholar
[5]	Xiao K, Jin X, Jin X, et al. 2017 IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. 16 2203 Google Scholar
[6]	Lu T B, Feng H, Zhao Z B, Cui X 2007 IEEE Trans. Magn. 43 1221 Google Scholar
[7]	Bobowski J S, Ferdous M S, Johnson T 2015 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 64 923 Google Scholar
[8]	Shoory A, Rachidi F, Rubinstein M, et al. 2011 IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. 53 792 Google Scholar
[9]	Miki M 2002 J. Geophys. Res. 107 4277 Google Scholar
[10]	Giles J C, Prather W D 2013 IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. 55 475 Google Scholar
[11]	付尚琛, 石立华, 周颖慧, 郭一帆 2018 复合材料学报 35 2730 Fu S S, Shi L H, Zhou X H, Guo Y F 2018 Acta Mater. Compos. Sin. 35 2730
[12]	陈未远, 曾嵘, 梁曦东, 何金良 2006 清华大学学报 46 1641 Google Scholar Chen W Y, Zeng R, Liang Y D, He J L 2006 J. Tsinghua Univ. 46 1641 Google Scholar
[13]	Makris K G, El-Ganainy R, Christodoulides D N, et al. 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 103904 Google Scholar
[14]	Lin Z, Ramezani H, Eichelkraut T, et al. 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 213901 Google Scholar
[15]	Tsoy E N 2017 Phys. Lett. A 381 462 Google Scholar
[16]	Zi J W, Xu Y L, Kim J, O’Brien K, Wang Y, Feng L, Zhang X 2017 Nat. Photonics 10 796
[17]	Govyadinov A A and Podolskiya V A, Noginov M A 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 191103 Google Scholar
[18]	Yariv A, Yeh P 2007 Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications (New York: Oxford University Press)
[19]	Klimov V I, Mikhailovsky A A, Xu S, et al. 2000 Science 290 314 Google Scholar
[20]	韦伟, 于建, 纪磊, 等 2005 人工晶体学报 34 628 Google Scholar Wei W, Yu J, Ji L 2005 J. Synth. Cryst. 34 628 Google Scholar
[21]	奚庆新, 刘德安, 刘立人 2005 激光与光电子学进展 42 39 Xu Q X, Liu D A, Liu L R 2005 Laser & Optoelectron. Prog. 42 39
[22]	陈建华, 屈绍波, 魏晓勇, 徐卓, 朱林户 2008 无机材料学报 23 851 Google Scholar Chen J H, Qu S B, Wei X Y, Xu Z, Zhu L H 2008 J. Inorg. Mater. 23 851 Google Scholar
[23]	Luennemann M, Hartwig U, Panotopoulos G, et al. 2003 Appl. Phys. B 76 403 Google Scholar

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基于光学Parity-Time对称微腔结构的大范围电场传感器