In recent years, with the advancement of attosecond pulse generation and polarization-shaping techniques, vortex structures featuring Archimedean spiral patterns observed in photoelectron momentum distributions have attracted widespread attention in the study of ultrafast electron dynamics in atoms and molecules. In this paper, we systematically review the generation mechanisms, dynamical behavior, and application prospects of electron vortices in attosecond photoionization. Theoretical studies reveal that electron vortices originate from quantum interference between photoelectron wave packets with different magnetic quantum numbers. Their number of spiral arms and spatial distributions are highly sensitive to the laser pulse polarization, time delay, chirp, and the orbital symmetry of the target system. Experimentally, by combining polarization-shaped pulses with high-resolution photoelectron imaging techniques, a variety of vortex structures have been successfully observed and verified. Beyond their fundamental interest, electron vortices demonstrate significant application potentials in interference metrology, carrier-envelope phase retrieval, electron displacement and time-delay measurements, thereby further opening new avenues for molecular orbital imaging and quantum-state control. Finally, this paper outlines future research directions and potential applications of electron vortices in strong-field ionization, molecular dissociation, and related areas.