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中国物理学会期刊

N型甲烷水合物结构和电子性质的密度泛函理论计算

Density functional theory calculation of structure and electronic properties in N-methane hydrate

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.68.20182230
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  • 基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法, 在广义梯度近似下考虑Grimme色散修正, 预测并研究N型甲烷水合物结构和电子性质, 得到如下结论: 1) N型甲烷水合物的水笼子整体结构为截角八面体(4668), 由8个正六边形和6个正方形构成, 其中六边形的平均边长和正方形的平均边长约为2.723Å, 对称群为IM\bar 3M, 具有简单和严格的周期性稳定结构; 2) N型甲烷水合物晶格参数为7.700Å, 密度为0.903 g/cm3, 大于I型、II型及H型水合物密度; 3) 计算并得到了N型甲烷水合物XRD衍射图, 其与I型甲烷水合物结构较为接近, 前者水笼子大, 甲烷分子与水笼子相互作用力为范德瓦耳斯力; 4) N型甲烷水合物密度为形成能为–0.247 eV, 易于形成, 电子态密度及分波态密度也均表明了甲烷与N型水笼子相互作用微弱, 靠分子力作用; 5) N型甲烷水合物为绝缘体材料, 能隙大于5 eV.

     

    As a clean and efficient unconventional energy source, natural gas hydrate has been highly valued and vigorously developed by many countries in recent years. In order to solve the problem that the existing hydrate structure symmetry is not high, which leads the theoretical research to be restricted, it is imperative to explore a new type of methane hydrate structure with high symmetry. Using the first-principles method which is based on the density functional theory (DFT), the structure and electronic properties of N-methane hydrate are calculated in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for Grimme dispersion correction. The obtained results are shown below. 1) The water cage structure of N-methane hydrate is a truncated octahedron (4668), which is composed of 8 regular hexagons and 6 squares, and the average length of the hexagons and the average length of the squares are both 2.723 Å. The average bond length of water molecules is optimized to be 1.056 Å, and the average bond angle of water molecules is 107.738°. The average bond length of methane molecules is 1.0973 Å. The average distance from methane molecules to water molecules is 4.2831 Å that is longer than the distance in the I- methane hydrate. So N-methane hydrate can accommodate larger volumes of gas molecules. The symmetric group is \rmIM\bar 3\rmM for N-methane hydrate, which has a simple and strict periodic stable structure. 2) The lattice parameter of N-methane hydrate is 7.70 Å, and the density is 0.903 g/cm3, which is greater than I-, II- and H-type hydrate density. 3) The x-ray diffraction(XRD) pattern of N-methane hydrateis calculated and is close to that of of I-methane hydrate, while the water cage of N-methane hydrate is larger. 4) The interaction between methane molecules and the water cage is van der Waals force, and the formation energy of N- methane hydrate is –0.247 eV, which indicates that the N-methane hydrate is easy to form. Both the density of states and partial density of states indicate that the interaction between methane and water cage is weak, and it relies on molecular force. 5) In addition, N-methane hydrate is an insulator material with the energy gap greater than 5 eV.

     

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