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中国物理学会期刊

不同取向角下CO2分子波长依赖的垂直谐波效率

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.64.183102

Wavelength-dependent perpendicular-harmonics efficiency from oriented CO2 molecule

CSTR: 32037.14.aps.64.183102
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  • 通过数值计算, 研究了强激光场中CO2 分子在不同波长和取向角下产生的高次谐波辐射的效率. 发现CO2 分子的垂直谐波效率在较小的和中间的取向角时倾向于与平行谐波效率可比或更高, 而在较大的取向角时, 垂直谐波效率远低于平行谐波效率. 进一步的分析表明, CO2 分子的结构对其垂直谐波效率有重要的影响, 且该影响与波长有关. 建议对于较复杂的分子, 应该在分子的轨道成像实验中考虑垂直谐波的贡献.

     

    In this paper, we numerically study the efficiencies of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from CO2 molecule exposed to strong laser fields with different laser wavelengths and different orientation angles. Through calculating the HHG spectra in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the laser polarization, we show that the efficiency of perpendicular harmonics can be higher than or comparable to the parallel ones at the relatively small and intermediate orientation angles in some wavelength cases. At larger angles, the efficiency of perpendicular harmonics is generally lower than the parallel one. Further analyses show that the structure of the CO2 molecule plays an important role in the HHG efficiency and this role is also related to the laser wavelength. Specifically, we show that the relative yields of perpendicular harmonic versus parallel harmonic are closely associated with the parallel and perpendicular dipoles of the molecule. Due to the effect of two-center interference, the parallel or perpendicular dipoles of the molecule show some deep hollows in some energy regions, which depend on the molecular orientation, and so do the corresponding parallel and perpendicular harmonics. As the parallel harmonics are suppressed due to the interference effect strongly in some energy regions, the yields of the perpendicular harmonics, which are not subjected to the interference effect in the corresponding energy regions, can be higher than the parallel one. As a result, the integrated harmonic yield (i.e., the harmonic efficiency) in the perpendicular case can be higher than the parallel one, especially for the cases with short laser wavelengths and small orientation angles. In these cases, the interference effect induces the suppression of parallel harmonics in the whole HHG plateau. We therefore expect that the interference effect plays an important role in the HHG efficiency in these cases. For the case of long laser wavelength, the HHG plateau extends to high energy region and the main contributions to the integrated HHG yield can come from harmonics out of the interference-effect-dominating region. As a result, the interference effect plays a smaller role in determining the HHG efficiencies of parallel and perpendicular harmonics, in comparison with the case of short laser wavelength. For large orientation angles, the value of the perpendicular dipole is smaller than the parallel one in a wide energy region, and accordingly, the perpendicular harmonics are weaker than the parallel ones on the whole. As a rule, the parallel efficiency is usually higher than the perpendicular one. As the perpendicular harmonic can contribute importantly to the harmonic emission in some cases, our results suggest that for the complicated molecule, the perpendicular harmonics should be considered in the molecular orbital tomography experiments.

     

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