Based on semi-classical theory, a model of the interaction between neutral atoms and the laser standing wave field is established in this paper. The trajectories and the deposition characteristics are analyzed under channel effect, and the values of full width at half maximum of nano-grating are 0.532, 12.16 and 96.70 nm when the divergence angle, spherical and chromatic aberration are discussed, respectively. The simulation results show that the contrast of the stripe decreases with the increasing of divergence angle of the atomic beam. Also, the contrasts of the stripe are 85.2:1 and 5.33:1 when the divergence angles equal 0.1 and 0.3 mrad. When divergence angle increases over 0.5 mrad, the splitting of the stripe takes place, leading to the degradation of the deposition.