Effect of the deuterium ion beam bombarding time on characteristic of the deuteride titanium target is studied by measuring the neutron yield as a function of bombarding time with the associated-particles method in ZF-300 neutron generation. Slow positron annihilation spectroscopy for defect structure analysis and scanning electron microscopy for the surface morphology analysis are used to characterize the targets. The results show that the beam bombardment cause the changes of the defect structure and the surface morpholoy of the deuteride titanium target, but the different bombarding times do not lead to the changes of the neutron yield, the defect structure, and the surface morphology of the deuteride titanium target under the work condition. The prominent physical mechanism of the interaction between deuterium ion beam and deuteride titanium target is discussed in detail based on the numerical study of the interaction between beam and solid.