Taking the aurora in upper atmosphere as the detection source, we propose a new principle of passive detection of emission rate in upper atmosphere wind based on the Lorentzian line shape profile. Using this principle, we can detect not only the physical parameter of upper atmospheric wind such as velocity, temperature and pressure, but aslo the emission rate, which resolves the problem of detecting emission rate at present. The calculation formula of the distribution of the velocity, temperature, pressure and emission rate are deduced based on the Lorentzian line shape profile, and by using computer simulation, the error curve is described. This study provides a theoretical basis for further study of detection of upper atmospheric wind field. It will play a significant role and has a wide application prospect in aerospace, space exploration, and environmental protection.