Pulse laser one-dimensional range profile theory and simulation are investigated. Laser one-dimensional range profile simulation is studied based on pulse wave scattering theory and the radar equation, and the calculated formula of laser one-dimensional range profile is obtained. As examples, the range profile simulations are calculated for the sloped-plane, sphere, and cone. It is also analyzed that the influences of target shape, radial length and pulsewidth on the simulation results. This paper offers theory bases and simulation method for abstraction and identification target feature on the laser.