The rapidly rising field of solid-state electronics is reviewed. The characteristics of its development, the important. items at the present time and its future trend of development are examined and analyzed.The content of solid-state electronics is summarized under the headings: solid-state phenomena, , devices and applications. Solid-state electronic systems are discussed briefly.The main theme of the paper consists of a discussion of the four important developments at the present time, namely:1. Ultra-high-speed switching devices and their applications.2. UHF and microwave devices and applications.3. Microelectronics and its synthesis.4. Quantum-mechanical amplifier.The paper concludes by summarizing some of the fundamental problems in the development of solid-state electronics.
The rapidly rising field of solid-state electronics is reviewed. The characteristics of its development, the important. items at the present time and its future trend of development are examined and analyzed.The content of solid-state electronics is summarized under the headings: solid-state phenomena, , devices and applications. Solid-state electronic systems are discussed briefly.The main theme of the paper consists of a discussion of the four important developments at the present time, namely:1. Ultra-high-speed switching devices and their applications.2. UHF and microwave devices and applications.3. Microelectronics and its synthesis.4. Quantum-mechanical amplifier.The paper concludes by summarizing some of the fundamental problems in the development of solid-state electronics.
A method of purifying ZnSO4 by ion exchange resin is described. The nitroso-R=salt is selected as the anionic complex-formation agent, with the help of which heavy metal ions in ZnSO4 solution are seperated out by the anion exchanger. The properties of some resins from different manufacturers, the amonnt of anionic complex-formation agent to be applied, the condition under which ion exchange takes place and the regeneration of resin are presented. Results of testing of the final product by different methods are given.lon exchanger may also be utilized for the purification of chlorides of Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, -Na, etc., and some of the sulfates.
A method of purifying ZnSO4 by ion exchange resin is described. The nitroso-R=salt is selected as the anionic complex-formation agent, with the help of which heavy metal ions in ZnSO4 solution are seperated out by the anion exchanger. The properties of some resins from different manufacturers, the amonnt of anionic complex-formation agent to be applied, the condition under which ion exchange takes place and the regeneration of resin are presented. Results of testing of the final product by different methods are given.lon exchanger may also be utilized for the purification of chlorides of Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, -Na, etc., and some of the sulfates.
By combining the equation of motion of a magneto-elastically coupled system derived from a classical hamiltonian and the Maxwell equations with the propagation factor neglected, we obtained a differential equation which determines the magnetic oscillations accompanying elastic vibrations of a ferrite specimen of the usual size for magnetic resonance experiments. To each normal mode of elastic vibration of the specimen there exists an associated magnetic oscillation (namely, a magneto-acoustic mode). We pointed out that the magneto-acoustic resonance phenomenon discovered by Spencer and Le Craw is a special case of the parametric oscillation involving a magnetoacoustic and a magnetostatic mode. The arrangements for observing the oscillation involving a certain magnetostatic mode and magnetoacoustic modes and the theoretical estimate of the threshold pumping power were discussed.We derived the equations coupling a magnetoacoustic and a magnetostatic mode under pumping. By analysing the (even or. odd) symmetry of the field quantities involved, we arrived at the selection rules for possible combinations of modes taking part in the parametric oscillations in a small sphere of ferrite.Finally, it was mentioned that attention should, be paid to the parametric amplification of the magnetic field accompanying thermal phonons as a possible source of noise in a ferrite microwave amplifier through the modulation of the pumping power.
By combining the equation of motion of a magneto-elastically coupled system derived from a classical hamiltonian and the Maxwell equations with the propagation factor neglected, we obtained a differential equation which determines the magnetic oscillations accompanying elastic vibrations of a ferrite specimen of the usual size for magnetic resonance experiments. To each normal mode of elastic vibration of the specimen there exists an associated magnetic oscillation (namely, a magneto-acoustic mode). We pointed out that the magneto-acoustic resonance phenomenon discovered by Spencer and Le Craw is a special case of the parametric oscillation involving a magnetoacoustic and a magnetostatic mode. The arrangements for observing the oscillation involving a certain magnetostatic mode and magnetoacoustic modes and the theoretical estimate of the threshold pumping power were discussed.We derived the equations coupling a magnetoacoustic and a magnetostatic mode under pumping. By analysing the (even or. odd) symmetry of the field quantities involved, we arrived at the selection rules for possible combinations of modes taking part in the parametric oscillations in a small sphere of ferrite.Finally, it was mentioned that attention should, be paid to the parametric amplification of the magnetic field accompanying thermal phonons as a possible source of noise in a ferrite microwave amplifier through the modulation of the pumping power.
Using the generalized method of self-consistent field developed by one of the authors[4], we discuss various correlation phenomena of many-body systems with a unified viewpoint. The general method of treatment is proposed and compared with the method of perturbation. From the approximation with two-body correlation we obtain, as particular applications, the Bruckner theory of nuclear matter and the Bohm-Pines theory of the collective oscillation of electron,gases. Finally the superconductivity and zero-point oscillations in non-ideal gases are discussed by solving, the bound state problem with the present method and the Gell-mann Low procedure. It is concluded that the method is very effective in treating correlation phenomena.
Using the generalized method of self-consistent field developed by one of the authors[4], we discuss various correlation phenomena of many-body systems with a unified viewpoint. The general method of treatment is proposed and compared with the method of perturbation. From the approximation with two-body correlation we obtain, as particular applications, the Bruckner theory of nuclear matter and the Bohm-Pines theory of the collective oscillation of electron,gases. Finally the superconductivity and zero-point oscillations in non-ideal gases are discussed by solving, the bound state problem with the present method and the Gell-mann Low procedure. It is concluded that the method is very effective in treating correlation phenomena.
In contrast to many other particles π- mesons at their stop-point effectively produce stars with large energy release. This phenomena has been used by us for selected detecting of π-mesons. The star-detector for π-mesons represents a simple telescope of two scintillation counters set in coincidence. The first counter is an ordinary counter with 100% efficiency for passing particles. The second counter of the star-detector works at a comparatively low voltage supply. Hence it detects the large light impulses only, produced in the scintillator as the result of π - stars. Its efficiency for the detecting of passing particles is very low. The photomultiplier of the second counter works as a spectrometric one with highly stabilized voltage supply. Using this detector one may quickly (in 15 minutes, the π-beam intensity being 103 per sec) measure the range and energy of π- mesons.The star-detector has the selected sensitiveness to π - mesons, its sensitiveness to π - mesons being at least 20 times larger than that to μ- mesons (see fig. 7).
In contrast to many other particles π- mesons at their stop-point effectively produce stars with large energy release. This phenomena has been used by us for selected detecting of π-mesons. The star-detector for π-mesons represents a simple telescope of two scintillation counters set in coincidence. The first counter is an ordinary counter with 100% efficiency for passing particles. The second counter of the star-detector works at a comparatively low voltage supply. Hence it detects the large light impulses only, produced in the scintillator as the result of π - stars. Its efficiency for the detecting of passing particles is very low. The photomultiplier of the second counter works as a spectrometric one with highly stabilized voltage supply. Using this detector one may quickly (in 15 minutes, the π-beam intensity being 103 per sec) measure the range and energy of π- mesons.The star-detector has the selected sensitiveness to π - mesons, its sensitiveness to π - mesons being at least 20 times larger than that to μ- mesons (see fig. 7).