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Terahertz pulses accelerating and scanning electron beam can break through the limitation of accelerating electric field between cathodes and grids in traditional streak tubes, thus reducing the time dispersion and enhancing the temporal resolution of time-scanning detectors. Based on this new technology, in this paper an ultra-small structured time-resolved detector with no focusing pole is designed. The terahertz pulse coupling/enhancing device suitable for acceleration zone and scanning zone is designed and optimized. The enhanced coefficient of the terahertz pulse electric field in the device reaches 9.39. In the paper, the relationship between time dispersion in acceleration zone and the moment of electrons emission is analyzed theoretically. We also analyze the influence of space charge effect on time dispersion. The electronic trajectory tracking is used to calculate and analyze the time dispersion of this detector, and finally the time resolution is better than 50fs.
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Keywords:
- streak camera /
- terahertz /
- temporal resolution
[1] van Oudheusden T, Pasmans P L E M, van der Geer S B, de Loos M J, van der Wiel M J, Luiten O J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 264801
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
Liu X B, Lin D Y, Wu Q Q, Yan W, Luo T, Yang Z G, Qu L 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 178701
Google Scholar
[9] Kinoshita K, Suyama M, Ito M 1990 Proc. SPIE 1358 490
Google Scholar
[10] Lebedev V B, Feldman G G, Veinbein P 1999 Proc. SPIE 3516 74
Google Scholar
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[12] Pálfalvi L, Fülöp J A, Tóth G, Hebling J 2014 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top-AC 17 031301
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Google Scholar
[14] Huang R, Fallahi A, Wu X J, Cankaya H, Calendron A L, Ravi K, Zhang D F, Nanni E A, Hong K H, Kärtner F X 2016 Optica 3 1209
Google Scholar
[15] Huang W R, Nanni E A, Ravi K, Hong K H, Fallahi A, Liang J W, Phillip D K, Luis E Z, Kärtner F X 2015 Sci. Rep. 5 14899
Google Scholar
[16] Niu H, Degtyareva V, Platonov V, Prokhorov A, Schelev M 1989 Proceedings of Spie 1032 79
Google Scholar
[17] Siwick B J, Dwyer J R, Jordan R E, Miller R 2002 J. Appl. Phys. 92 1643
Google Scholar
[18] QianB, Hani E, Elsayed Ali 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 94 803
Google Scholar
[19] Siwick B J, Dwyer J R, Jordan R E, Miller R J D 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 94 807
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图 1 加速腔太赫兹脉冲耦合增强结构 (a) 三维图; (b) 俯视图; (c) 正视图
Figure 1. THz pulse coupling and enhancing device of accelerating cavity: (a) Perspective; (b) top view; (c) front view.
图 2 太赫兹加速腔及扫描腔 (a) 三维图; (b) 俯视图
Figure 2. THz accelerating and scanning cavity: (a) Perspective; (b) top view.
图 3 太赫兹脉冲输入波形、以及在加速腔和扫描腔中心处的波形
Figure 3. Wave form of THz pulse at the entrance and the center of accelerating cavity and scanning cavity.
图 4 (a) 实际太赫兹脉冲电场波形及频谱; (b) 计算时采用的太赫兹脉冲电场强度波形
Figure 4. (a) Actual wave form of THz pulse’s electric field and spectrum; (b) wave form of THz pulse’s electric field in the calculation.
图 5 (a)电子随时间的位移, 位移为150 μm(栅极)的区域展示于嵌入图中; (b) 电子到达栅极的相对延迟
Figure 5. (a) Displacement with time of electrons, displacement of 150 μm (grid) is shown in embedded graph; (b) relative delay among the electrons.
图 6 (a) 栅极处两束电子的时间弥散; (b) 探测屏处两束电子的时间弥散
Figure 6. (a) Time dispersion of the two electron pulses at the grid; (b) time dispersion of the two electron pulses at the screen.
图 7 (a) 两束发射间隔50 fs电子束的扫描图像; (b) 扫描方向电子分布概率
Figure 7. (a) Sweeping image of electron pulses with interval of 50 fs; (b) electron distribution probability in sweeping direction.
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[1] van Oudheusden T, Pasmans P L E M, van der Geer S B, de Loos M J, van der Wiel M J, Luiten O J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 264801
Google Scholar
[2] Veisz L, Kurkin G, Chernov K, Tarnetsky V, Apolonski A, Krausz F, Fill E 2007 New J. Phys. 9 451
Google Scholar
[3] Rousse A, Rischel C, Gauthier J C 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 17
Google Scholar
[4] Gotchev O V, Jaanimagi P A, Knauer J P, Marshall F J, Meyerhofer D D, Bassett N L, Oliver J B 2003 Rev. Sci. Instru. 74 2178
Google Scholar
[5] Becker W 2012 J. Microsc. 2472 119
Google Scholar
[6] Krishnan R V, Saitoh H, Terada H, Centonze V E, Herman B 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 745 2714
Google Scholar
[7] Wang Y, Wang Z, Dang W 2013 Sci. China-Chem. 4312 1713
[8] 刘雄波, 林丹樱, 吴茜茜, 严伟, 罗腾, 杨志刚, 屈军乐 2018 67 178701
Google Scholar
Liu X B, Lin D Y, Wu Q Q, Yan W, Luo T, Yang Z G, Qu L 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 178701
Google Scholar
[9] Kinoshita K, Suyama M, Ito M 1990 Proc. SPIE 1358 490
Google Scholar
[10] Lebedev V B, Feldman G G, Veinbein P 1999 Proc. SPIE 3516 74
Google Scholar
[11] Kinoshita K, Ishihara Y, Ai T, Hino S, Inagaki Y, Mori K, Goto M, Niikura F, Takahashi A, Uchiyama K, Abe S 2016 The 31st International Congress on High-speed Imaging and Photonics Osaka, Japan, November 7–10, 2016 pp305−310
[12] Pálfalvi L, Fülöp J A, Tóth G, Hebling J 2014 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top-AC 17 031301
[13] Wei Y, Ischebeck R, Dehler M, Ferrari E, Hiller N, Jamison S, Xia G, Hanahoe K, Li Y, Smith J D A, Welsch C P 2018 Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 877 173
Google Scholar
[14] Huang R, Fallahi A, Wu X J, Cankaya H, Calendron A L, Ravi K, Zhang D F, Nanni E A, Hong K H, Kärtner F X 2016 Optica 3 1209
Google Scholar
[15] Huang W R, Nanni E A, Ravi K, Hong K H, Fallahi A, Liang J W, Phillip D K, Luis E Z, Kärtner F X 2015 Sci. Rep. 5 14899
Google Scholar
[16] Niu H, Degtyareva V, Platonov V, Prokhorov A, Schelev M 1989 Proceedings of Spie 1032 79
Google Scholar
[17] Siwick B J, Dwyer J R, Jordan R E, Miller R 2002 J. Appl. Phys. 92 1643
Google Scholar
[18] QianB, Hani E, Elsayed Ali 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 94 803
Google Scholar
[19] Siwick B J, Dwyer J R, Jordan R E, Miller R J D 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 94 807
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