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To obtain a maximal blue up-conversion luminescence of Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped BaY2ZnO5 phosphors, orthogonal experimental design combined with quadratic general rotary unitized design method is employed to optimize the Tm3+ and Yb3+ ions doping concentration. Two sets of BaY2ZnO5:Tm3+/Yb3+ phosphors are synthesized by the traditional high temperature solid reaction method. The doping concentration ranges of Tm3+ and Yb3+ are first narrowed by orthogonal experimental design, and then quadratic general rotary unitized design is performed and one regression equation is established based on the experimental results from the latter design. The theoretical maximum value of the blue up-conversion luminescence intensity and the optimal Tm3+ and Yb3+ doping concentrations are obtained by genetic algorithm. The optimal sample is synthesized and its crystal structure and up-conversion luminescence properties are investigated. It is found that the blue up-conversion luminescence originates from three photon processes under 980 nm excitation. Temperature dependent up-conversion luminescence spectra of the optimal sample show that the blue up-conversion luminescence intensity declines with increasing temperature, implying the occurrence of thermal quenching of up-conversion luminescence. The calculated excitation energy is about 0.602 eV.
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Keywords:
- experimental optimal design /
- BaY2ZnO5 /
- Tm3+/Yb3+ /
- temperature quenching
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[2] Xie W, Wang Y H, Quan J, Zhou C W, Liang F, Shao L X 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 016101 (in Chinese) [谢伟, 王银海, 全军, 邹长伟, 梁枫, 邵乐喜 2014 63 016101]
[3] Luo Q, Qiao X S, Fan X P, Yang H, Zhang X H, Cui S, Wang L, Wang G 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 43506
[4] Sun X Y, Zhang J H, Zhang X, Luo Y S, Hao Z D, Wang X J 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 13501
[5] Tian B N, Chen B J, Tian Y, Li X P, Zhang J S, Sun J S, Zhong H Y, Cheng L H, Fu S B, Zhong H, Wang Y Z, Zhang X Q, Xia H P, Hua R N 2013 J. Mater. Chem. C 1 2338
[6] Tian B N 2013 M. S. Dissertation (Dalian: Dalian Maritime University) (in Chinese) [田碧凝 2013 硕士学位论文 (大连: 大连海事大学)]
[7] Guo C F, Ding X, Xu Y 2010 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 93 1708
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[9] He W, Xue W D, Tang B 2012 The Method of Optimal Design of Experiment and Data Analysis (Beijing: Chemical Industry Press) pp191-194 (in Chinese) [何为, 薛卫东, 唐斌 2012 优化试验设计方法及数据分析 (北京: 化学工业出版社) 第191—194页]
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[11] Zhang Q H, Wang J, Ni H Y, Wang L L 2012 J. Rare Metals 31 35
[12] Boyer J C, Cuccia L A, Capobianco J A 2007 Nano Lett. 7 847
[13] Chen D, Wang Y, Yu Y 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 051920
[14] Zhang Q Y, Li T, Jiang Z H 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 171911
[15] Piskuła Z, Staninski K, Lis S 2011 J. Rare Earth. 29 1166
[16] Shi L L, Sun J S, Zhai Z H, Li X P, Zhang J S, Chen B J 2014 Acta Photo. Sin. 43 203301 (in Chinese) [石琳琳, 孙佳石, 翟梓会, 李香萍, 张金苏, 陈宝玖 2014 光子学报 43 203301]
[17] Sun J S, Li S W, Shi L L, Zhou T M, Li X P, Zhang J S, Cheng L H, Chen B J 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 243301 (in Chinese) [孙佳石, 李树伟, 石琳琳, 周天民, 李香萍, 张金苏, 程丽红, 陈宝玖 2015 64 243301]
[18] Xiang S Y, Chen B J, Zhang J S, Li X P, Sun J S, Zheng H, Wu Z L, Zhong H, Yu H Q, Xia H P 2014 Opt. Mater. Express 4 1966
[19] Tian B N, Chen B J, Tian Y, Sun J S, Li X P, Zhang J S, Zhong H Y, Cheng L H, Hua R N 2012 J. Phys. Chem. Solid. 73 1314
[20] Tian Y, Chen B J, Hua R N, Yu N S, Liu B Q, Sun J S, Cheng L H, Zhong H Y, Li X P, Zhang J S, Tian B N, Zhong H 2012 Cryst. Eng. Comm. 14 1760
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[1] Blasse G, Grabmaier B C 1994 Luminescent Materials (Berlin: Springer Heidelberg) pp195-219
[2] Xie W, Wang Y H, Quan J, Zhou C W, Liang F, Shao L X 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 016101 (in Chinese) [谢伟, 王银海, 全军, 邹长伟, 梁枫, 邵乐喜 2014 63 016101]
[3] Luo Q, Qiao X S, Fan X P, Yang H, Zhang X H, Cui S, Wang L, Wang G 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 43506
[4] Sun X Y, Zhang J H, Zhang X, Luo Y S, Hao Z D, Wang X J 2009 J. Appl. Phys. 105 13501
[5] Tian B N, Chen B J, Tian Y, Li X P, Zhang J S, Sun J S, Zhong H Y, Cheng L H, Fu S B, Zhong H, Wang Y Z, Zhang X Q, Xia H P, Hua R N 2013 J. Mater. Chem. C 1 2338
[6] Tian B N 2013 M. S. Dissertation (Dalian: Dalian Maritime University) (in Chinese) [田碧凝 2013 硕士学位论文 (大连: 大连海事大学)]
[7] Guo C F, Ding X, Xu Y 2010 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 93 1708
[8] Ren L Q 2009 Design of Experiment and Optimization (Beijing: Science Press) pp174-180 (in Chinese) [任露泉 2009 试验设计及其优化 (北京: 科学出版社) 第174—180页]
[9] He W, Xue W D, Tang B 2012 The Method of Optimal Design of Experiment and Data Analysis (Beijing: Chemical Industry Press) pp191-194 (in Chinese) [何为, 薛卫东, 唐斌 2012 优化试验设计方法及数据分析 (北京: 化学工业出版社) 第191—194页]
[10] Abud-Archila M, Vázquez-Mzndujano D G, Ruiz-Cabrera M A 2008 J. Food Eng. 84 413
[11] Zhang Q H, Wang J, Ni H Y, Wang L L 2012 J. Rare Metals 31 35
[12] Boyer J C, Cuccia L A, Capobianco J A 2007 Nano Lett. 7 847
[13] Chen D, Wang Y, Yu Y 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 051920
[14] Zhang Q Y, Li T, Jiang Z H 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 171911
[15] Piskuła Z, Staninski K, Lis S 2011 J. Rare Earth. 29 1166
[16] Shi L L, Sun J S, Zhai Z H, Li X P, Zhang J S, Chen B J 2014 Acta Photo. Sin. 43 203301 (in Chinese) [石琳琳, 孙佳石, 翟梓会, 李香萍, 张金苏, 陈宝玖 2014 光子学报 43 203301]
[17] Sun J S, Li S W, Shi L L, Zhou T M, Li X P, Zhang J S, Cheng L H, Chen B J 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 243301 (in Chinese) [孙佳石, 李树伟, 石琳琳, 周天民, 李香萍, 张金苏, 程丽红, 陈宝玖 2015 64 243301]
[18] Xiang S Y, Chen B J, Zhang J S, Li X P, Sun J S, Zheng H, Wu Z L, Zhong H, Yu H Q, Xia H P 2014 Opt. Mater. Express 4 1966
[19] Tian B N, Chen B J, Tian Y, Sun J S, Li X P, Zhang J S, Zhong H Y, Cheng L H, Hua R N 2012 J. Phys. Chem. Solid. 73 1314
[20] Tian Y, Chen B J, Hua R N, Yu N S, Liu B Q, Sun J S, Cheng L H, Zhong H Y, Li X P, Zhang J S, Tian B N, Zhong H 2012 Cryst. Eng. Comm. 14 1760
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