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Atmospheric temperature is a key parameter to characterize the state of the atmosphere. Owing to the independence of the aerosol effect for profiling the temperture, the pure rotational Raman lidar has become one of valid tools. To achieve all-time and high-precision active remote sensing, strong background noise needs to be filtered out, and the inhibition rate outside the band of more than 70 dB is needed for Mie-Rayleigh scattering in a rotational Raman temperature measurement lidar. In this paper, a multiple cascaded light path based on sampled fiber Bragg grating (SFBG) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in visible spectrum is presented to obtain characteristic spectrum. All-fiber spectroscopic system with high inhibition rate for Raman thermometry is set up based on the above light path. The core device consists of single mode fibers (460-HP) to ensure the compatibility with optical fiber. The main factors affecting the inhibition rate outside the band of sampled fiber Bragg grating, including refractive index modulation depth, total length of grating, sampling period and duty, are optimally designed by using mode coupling theory and tranmission matrix model. Then the optimized parameters of spectroscope are obtained. The results show that the inhibition rate outside the band is proportional to the refractive index modulation depth and duty, when the total length of grating is a constant. However, a larger sidelobe jamming will be caused by overlarge refractive index modulation depth. The less amount and widened full width half maximun of reflectivity peak appear following overlarge duty. In the Raman spectroscopic system of this paper, the inhibition rates outside the bands of SFBG and FBG are 30 dB and 20 dB, respectively. The inhibition rate of more than 70 dB is realized for Mie-Rayleigh scattering, after passing through two FBGs and one SFBG. The simulated optimum parameters of SFBGs are the effective index of the guide mode of 1.465, the saturation index variation of 0.00005, the SFBG length of 20 mm, the sampled period of 0.4 mm, and the Bragg wavelengths of 528.51 nm and 530.76 nm. By using the American standard model and atmospheric scattering signal model, the all-time signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and inhibition rate of Mie-Rayleigh scattering and solar background light are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the intensities of solar background light and Mie-Rayleigh scattering signal are weaker than Raman scattering signals at 40 dB and 50 dB, respectively. The detection height in daytime and night can reach up to 1.6 km and 2.6 km under the condition of SNR of more than 100, respectively. Owing to these advantages such as miniaturization, anti-interference and high stability, this spectroscope provides a viable solution for filter systems of ground-based and spaceborne lidars.
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Keywords:
- rotational Raman spectra /
- Raman lidar /
- atmospheric temperature /
- sampled fiber Bragg grating
[1] Girolamo P D, Behrendt A, Wulfmeyer V 2006 Appl. Opt. 45 2474
[2] Liu Y, Wang L S, Tao P L, Feng S C, Yin G L, Ren W H, Tan Z W, Jian S S 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 024207 (in Chinese) [刘艳, 汪磊石, 陶沛琳, 冯素春, 尹国路, 任文华, 谭中伟, 简水生 2011 60 024207]
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[4] Li S C, Hua D X, Wang L, Song Y H 2013 Optik 124 1450
[5] Cooney J 1972 J. Appl. Meteorol. 11 108
[6] Li Y J, Song S L, Li F Q, Cheng X W, Chen Z W, Liu L M, Yang Y, Gong S S 2015 Chinese J. Geophys. 58 2294 (in Chinese) [李亚娟, 宋沙磊, 李发泉, 程学武, 陈振威, 刘林美, 杨勇, 龚顺生 2015 地球 58 2294]
[7] Zhang Y C, Chen W, Sun S L, Meng Z 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 094209
[8] Wang Y F, Gao F, Zhu C X, He T Y, Hua D X 2015 Acta Opt. Sin. 35 03280004 (in Chinese) [王玉峰, 高飞, 朱承炫, 何廷尧, 华灯鑫 2015 光学学报 35 03280004]
[9] Andreas B, Takuji N, Michitaka O, Rudolf B, Toshitaka T 2002 Appl. Opt. 36 7657
[10] Wang H W, Hua D X, Wang Y F, Gao P, Zhao H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 120701 (in Chinese) [王红伟, 华灯鑫, 王玉峰, 高朋, 赵虎 2013 62 120701]
[11] Borovoi A, Konoshonkin A, Kustova N, Okamoto H 2012 Opt. Express 20 28222
[12] Ren X Y, Tian Z S, Sun L J, Fu S Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 164209 (in Chinese) [任秀云, 田兆硕, 孙兰君, 付石友 2014 63 164209]
[13] Wang X, Huang J P, Zhang R D, Chen B, Bi J R 2010 J. Geophys. Res. 115 1
[14] Ma C J, Ren L Y, Qu E S 2012 Opt. Commun. 285 4949
[15] Mi Q S, Zhu H N, Gao X R, Li J L 2015 Optik 126 432
[16] Chen S, Qiu Z, Zhang Y, Chen H, Wang Y 2011 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. 112 304
[17] Mihailov S J 2012 Sensors-Basel 12 1898
[18] Jia B H, Sheng Q Q, Feng D Q, Dong X Y 2003 Chin. J. Lasers 20 247 (in Chinese) [贾宝华, 盛秋琴, 冯丹琴, 董孝义 2003 中国激光 20 247]
[19] Zhang Z J, Wang C M 2007 Laser Infrared 37 552 (in Chinese) [张自嘉, 王昌明 2007 激光与红外 37 552]
[20] Zhu H N, Luo B, Pan W 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 1497
[21] Wu H, Yan H, Li X 2010 Optik 121 1789
[22] Wen K, Yan L, Pan W 2011 Optik 122 2249
[23] Dukhyeon K, Hyungki C 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 1728
[24] Behrendt A, Reichardt J 2000 Appl. Opt. 39 1372
[25] Li S C, Hua D X, Hu L L, Yan Q, Tian X Y 2014 Spectrosc. Lett. 47 244
[26] Li S C, Hua D X, Wang Y F, Gao F, Yan Q, Shi X J 2015 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. 153 113
[27] Mao J D, Hua D X, Hu L L, Wang Y F, Wang L 2010 Acta Opt. Sin. 30 7 (in Chinese) [毛建东, 华灯鑫, 胡辽林, 王玉峰, 汪丽 2010 光学学报 30 7]
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[1] Girolamo P D, Behrendt A, Wulfmeyer V 2006 Appl. Opt. 45 2474
[2] Liu Y, Wang L S, Tao P L, Feng S C, Yin G L, Ren W H, Tan Z W, Jian S S 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 024207 (in Chinese) [刘艳, 汪磊石, 陶沛琳, 冯素春, 尹国路, 任文华, 谭中伟, 简水生 2011 60 024207]
[3] Tang B H, Wang N, Qian Y G 2012 Geosciences and Remote Sensing Symposium Munich, Germany, July 22-27, 2012 pp2482-2485
[4] Li S C, Hua D X, Wang L, Song Y H 2013 Optik 124 1450
[5] Cooney J 1972 J. Appl. Meteorol. 11 108
[6] Li Y J, Song S L, Li F Q, Cheng X W, Chen Z W, Liu L M, Yang Y, Gong S S 2015 Chinese J. Geophys. 58 2294 (in Chinese) [李亚娟, 宋沙磊, 李发泉, 程学武, 陈振威, 刘林美, 杨勇, 龚顺生 2015 地球 58 2294]
[7] Zhang Y C, Chen W, Sun S L, Meng Z 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 094209
[8] Wang Y F, Gao F, Zhu C X, He T Y, Hua D X 2015 Acta Opt. Sin. 35 03280004 (in Chinese) [王玉峰, 高飞, 朱承炫, 何廷尧, 华灯鑫 2015 光学学报 35 03280004]
[9] Andreas B, Takuji N, Michitaka O, Rudolf B, Toshitaka T 2002 Appl. Opt. 36 7657
[10] Wang H W, Hua D X, Wang Y F, Gao P, Zhao H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 120701 (in Chinese) [王红伟, 华灯鑫, 王玉峰, 高朋, 赵虎 2013 62 120701]
[11] Borovoi A, Konoshonkin A, Kustova N, Okamoto H 2012 Opt. Express 20 28222
[12] Ren X Y, Tian Z S, Sun L J, Fu S Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 164209 (in Chinese) [任秀云, 田兆硕, 孙兰君, 付石友 2014 63 164209]
[13] Wang X, Huang J P, Zhang R D, Chen B, Bi J R 2010 J. Geophys. Res. 115 1
[14] Ma C J, Ren L Y, Qu E S 2012 Opt. Commun. 285 4949
[15] Mi Q S, Zhu H N, Gao X R, Li J L 2015 Optik 126 432
[16] Chen S, Qiu Z, Zhang Y, Chen H, Wang Y 2011 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. 112 304
[17] Mihailov S J 2012 Sensors-Basel 12 1898
[18] Jia B H, Sheng Q Q, Feng D Q, Dong X Y 2003 Chin. J. Lasers 20 247 (in Chinese) [贾宝华, 盛秋琴, 冯丹琴, 董孝义 2003 中国激光 20 247]
[19] Zhang Z J, Wang C M 2007 Laser Infrared 37 552 (in Chinese) [张自嘉, 王昌明 2007 激光与红外 37 552]
[20] Zhu H N, Luo B, Pan W 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 1497
[21] Wu H, Yan H, Li X 2010 Optik 121 1789
[22] Wen K, Yan L, Pan W 2011 Optik 122 2249
[23] Dukhyeon K, Hyungki C 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 1728
[24] Behrendt A, Reichardt J 2000 Appl. Opt. 39 1372
[25] Li S C, Hua D X, Hu L L, Yan Q, Tian X Y 2014 Spectrosc. Lett. 47 244
[26] Li S C, Hua D X, Wang Y F, Gao F, Yan Q, Shi X J 2015 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. 153 113
[27] Mao J D, Hua D X, Hu L L, Wang Y F, Wang L 2010 Acta Opt. Sin. 30 7 (in Chinese) [毛建东, 华灯鑫, 胡辽林, 王玉峰, 汪丽 2010 光学学报 30 7]
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