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Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photons has both classical and quantum applications due to its feature of optical vortex and infinite dimension. OAM discrimination is one of the basic problems, which has been paid much attention recently. Here we present an interferometer method in which a Sagnac interferometer with a Dove prism is placed on each arm to separate the different OAM of photons into different output ports, namely, OAM sorters. We demonstrate experimentally the feasibility of OAM sorter by dividing different OAM states into different output ports. Using the cascade interferometers, we also sort the superposition state successfully. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. Compared with other methods, this method is more stable and can be used to separate superposition states into single photon levels. Furthermore, this method can also be used to couple OAM modes with spatial modes, a very important method for manipulating OAM states. It is a useful method and has potential applications in high-capacity optical communication, quantum entanglement, quantum cryptography, quantum computation and quantum information.
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Keywords:
- orbital angular momentum /
- Sagnac interferometer /
- OAM sorter
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[1] Einstein A 1905 Ann. d. Phys. 322 549
[2] Poynting J H 1909 Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 82 560
[3] Allen L, Beijersbergen M W, Spreeuw R, Woerdman J 1992 Phys. Rev. A 45 8185
[4] Collins D, Gisin N, Linden N, Massar S, Popescu S 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 040404
[5] Vaziri A, Weihs G, Zeilinger A 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 240401
[6] Arnold S F, Allen L, Padgett M 2008 Laser & Photon. Rev. 2 299
[7] Yao A M, Padgett M J 2011 Advances in Optics and Photonics 3 161
[8] Friese M, Nieminen T, Heckenberg N, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H 1998 Nature 394 348
[9] Padgett M, Bowman R 2011 Nat. Photonics 5 343
[10] Wang J, Yang J Y, Fazal I M, Ahmed N, Yan Y, Huang H, Ren Y, Yue Y, Dolinar S, Tur M 2012 Nat. Photonics 6 488
[11] Mair A, Vaziri A, Weihs G, Zeilinger A 2001 Nature 412 313
[12] Leach J, Jack B, Romero J, Jha A K, Yao A M, Franke-Arnold S, Ireland D G, Boyd R W, Barnett S M, Padgett M J 2010 Science 329 662
[13] Huang H, Ren Y, Yan Y, Ahmed N, Yue Y, Bozovich A, Erkmen B I, Birnbaum K, Dolinar S, Tur M 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 2348
[14] Padgett M, Arlt J, Simpson N, Allen L 1996 American Journal of Physics 64 77
[15] Harris M, Hill C, Tapster P, Vaughan J 1994 Phys. Rev. A 49 3119
[16] Sztul H, Alfano R 2006 Opt. Lett. 31 999
[17] Wang Z, Zhang Z, Lin Q 2009 Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 11 085702
[18] Berkhout G C, Beijersbergen M W 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 100801
[19] Berkhout G, Beijersbergen M 2009 Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 11 094021
[20] Hickmann J, Fonseca E, Soares W, Ch Shávez-Cerda 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 053904
[21] Leach J, Padgett M J, Barnett S M, Franke-Arnold S, Courtial J 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 257901
[22] Leach J, Courtial J, Skeldon K, Barnett S M, Franke-Arnold S, Padgett M J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 013601
[23] Zhang W, Qi Q, Zhou J, Chen L 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 153601
[24] Courtial J, Robertson D, Dholakia K, Allen L, Padgett M 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 4828
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