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The frequency entangled biphoton source generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process has found important applications in the fields of quantum clock synchronization, quantum communication, quantum information processing, etc. As quantum technologies evolve, quantitative characterization of the frequency entanglement becomes necessary and has been implemented by measuring the spectral properties of the biphoton state. However, due to the high dark rate and low quantum efficiency of the InGaAs single-photon detectors, direct measurement of the spectral properties of the biphoton state at optical communication wavelength is hard to implement. In this paper, we report the measurement of the spectral properties of a biphoton state at optical communication wavelength which is generated from periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) pumped by an ultra-short pulsed optical source at 787 nm. Based on the coincidence measurement setup together with two infrared spectrometers, the spectra of the signal and idler photons are obtained with their center wavelengths being 1574.4 nm and 1574.9 nm, while their 3-dB bandwidths being 35.3 nm and 37.6 nm respectively. The joint spectrum of the photon pair is observed as well and shows a coincident-frequency entanglement and a joint spectrum bandwidth of 3 nm. According to the ratio of the single-photon spectral bandwidth to the joint spectral bandwidth of the photon pairs, the degree of frequency entanglement is quantified to be 12, denoting a relatively high quality of the entanglement.
[1] Genovese M 2005 Phys. Rep. 413 3197
[2] Walton Z D, Booth M C, Sergienko A V, Saleh B E A, Teich M C 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 053810
[3] Bouwmeester D, Ekert A, Zeilinger A 2000 The Physics of Quantum Information (Berlin:Springer-Verlag)
[4] Keller T E, Rubin M H 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 1534
[5] Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 117902
[6] Valencia A, Scarcelli G, Shih Y 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 2635
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[8] Pittman T B, Shih Y H, Strekalov D V, Sergienko A V 1995 Phys. Rev. A 52 3429
[9] Altman A R, Köprl K G, Corndorf E, Kumar P, Barbosa G A 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 123601
[10] Erkmen B I, Shapiro J H 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 023833
[11] Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2004 Science 306 1330
[12] Thompson J K, Simon J, Loh H, Vuletic V 2006 Science 313 74
[13] Choi K S, Deng H, Laurat J, Kimble H J 2008 Nature 452 67
[14] Aspelmeyer M, B\"ohm H R, Gyatso T, Jennewein T, Kaltenbaek R 2003 Science 301 621
[15] Steane A M, Lucas D M 2000 Fortschr. Phys. 48 9
[16] Bennett C H, DiVincenzo D 2000 Nature 404 247
[17] Ralph T C, Gilchrist A, Milburn G J, Munro W J, Glancy S 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 042319
[18] Lund A P, Ralph T C, Haselgrove H L 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 030503
[19] Marek P, Fiurasek J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 014304
[20] Xiang G Y, Guo G C 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 110601
[21] Abouraddy A F, Nasr M B, Saleh B E A, SErgienko A V, Teich M C 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 053817
[22] Carrasco S, Torres G P, Sergienko A V, Saleh B E A, Teich M C 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 2429
[23] Nasr M B, Carrasco S, Saleh B E A, Sergienko A V, Teich M C, Torres J P, Torner L, Hum D S, Fejer M M 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 183601
[24] Jeff S, Michiel M 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 2855
[25] Brasselet S, Floc’h V L, Treussart F, Roch J F, Zyss J, Botzung-Appert E, Ibanez A 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 207401
[26] Dayan B, Pe’er A, Friesem A A, Silberberg Y 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 023005
[27] Nunn J, Wright L J, Soller C, Zhang L, Walmsley I A, Smith B J 2013 Optics Express 21 15959
[28] Carcelli G, Valencia A, Gompers S, Shih Y 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 5560
[29] Yabushita A, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 013806
[30] Kalachev A A, Kalashnikov D A, Kalainkin A A, Mitrofanova T G, Shkalikov A V, Samartsev V V 2008 Laser Phys. Lett. 5 600
[31] Kim Y H, Grice W P 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 908
[32] Fedorov M V, Efremov M A, Volkov P A, Eberly J H 2006 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 S467
[33] Mikhailova Y M, Volkov P A, Fedorov M V 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 062327
[34] Avenhaus M, Chekhova M V, Krivitsky L A, Leuchs G, Silberhorn C 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 043836
[35] Giovannetti V, Maccone L, Shapiro J H, Wong F N C 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 043813
[36] Kuzucu O, Fiorentino M, Albota M A, Wong F N C, Ka¨rtner F X 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 083601
[37] Kuzucu O 2008 Ph. D. Dissertation (Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (in American)
[38] Kim Y H 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 908
[39] Zhang Y, Quan R A, Bai Y, Hou F Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 144206
[40] Rubin M H, Klyshko D N, Shih Y H, Sergienko A V 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50 5122
[41] Quan R A, Wang M M, Hou F Y, Tai Z Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2014 to be submitted
[42] Valencia A, Ceré, Shi X, Molina-Terriza G, Torres J P 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 243601
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[1] Genovese M 2005 Phys. Rep. 413 3197
[2] Walton Z D, Booth M C, Sergienko A V, Saleh B E A, Teich M C 2003 Phys. Rev. A 67 053810
[3] Bouwmeester D, Ekert A, Zeilinger A 2000 The Physics of Quantum Information (Berlin:Springer-Verlag)
[4] Keller T E, Rubin M H 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 1534
[5] Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 117902
[6] Valencia A, Scarcelli G, Shih Y 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 2635
[7] Jozsa R, Abrams D S, Dowling J P, Williams C P 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2010
[8] Pittman T B, Shih Y H, Strekalov D V, Sergienko A V 1995 Phys. Rev. A 52 3429
[9] Altman A R, Köprl K G, Corndorf E, Kumar P, Barbosa G A 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 123601
[10] Erkmen B I, Shapiro J H 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 023833
[11] Giovannetti V, Lloyd S, Maccone L 2004 Science 306 1330
[12] Thompson J K, Simon J, Loh H, Vuletic V 2006 Science 313 74
[13] Choi K S, Deng H, Laurat J, Kimble H J 2008 Nature 452 67
[14] Aspelmeyer M, B\"ohm H R, Gyatso T, Jennewein T, Kaltenbaek R 2003 Science 301 621
[15] Steane A M, Lucas D M 2000 Fortschr. Phys. 48 9
[16] Bennett C H, DiVincenzo D 2000 Nature 404 247
[17] Ralph T C, Gilchrist A, Milburn G J, Munro W J, Glancy S 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 042319
[18] Lund A P, Ralph T C, Haselgrove H L 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 030503
[19] Marek P, Fiurasek J 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 014304
[20] Xiang G Y, Guo G C 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 110601
[21] Abouraddy A F, Nasr M B, Saleh B E A, SErgienko A V, Teich M C 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 053817
[22] Carrasco S, Torres G P, Sergienko A V, Saleh B E A, Teich M C 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 2429
[23] Nasr M B, Carrasco S, Saleh B E A, Sergienko A V, Teich M C, Torres J P, Torner L, Hum D S, Fejer M M 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 183601
[24] Jeff S, Michiel M 2001 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 2855
[25] Brasselet S, Floc’h V L, Treussart F, Roch J F, Zyss J, Botzung-Appert E, Ibanez A 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 207401
[26] Dayan B, Pe’er A, Friesem A A, Silberberg Y 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 023005
[27] Nunn J, Wright L J, Soller C, Zhang L, Walmsley I A, Smith B J 2013 Optics Express 21 15959
[28] Carcelli G, Valencia A, Gompers S, Shih Y 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 5560
[29] Yabushita A, Kobayashi T 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 013806
[30] Kalachev A A, Kalashnikov D A, Kalainkin A A, Mitrofanova T G, Shkalikov A V, Samartsev V V 2008 Laser Phys. Lett. 5 600
[31] Kim Y H, Grice W P 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 908
[32] Fedorov M V, Efremov M A, Volkov P A, Eberly J H 2006 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 S467
[33] Mikhailova Y M, Volkov P A, Fedorov M V 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 062327
[34] Avenhaus M, Chekhova M V, Krivitsky L A, Leuchs G, Silberhorn C 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 043836
[35] Giovannetti V, Maccone L, Shapiro J H, Wong F N C 2002 Phys. Rev. A 66 043813
[36] Kuzucu O, Fiorentino M, Albota M A, Wong F N C, Ka¨rtner F X 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 083601
[37] Kuzucu O 2008 Ph. D. Dissertation (Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (in American)
[38] Kim Y H 2005 Opt. Lett. 30 908
[39] Zhang Y, Quan R A, Bai Y, Hou F Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 144206
[40] Rubin M H, Klyshko D N, Shih Y H, Sergienko A V 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50 5122
[41] Quan R A, Wang M M, Hou F Y, Tai Z Y, Liu T, Zhang S G, Dong R F 2014 to be submitted
[42] Valencia A, Ceré, Shi X, Molina-Terriza G, Torres J P 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 243601
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