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The axisymmetric multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann (LB) method is used to study the acoustic levitation of a rigid disk sample in a closed cylindrical resonant chamber. The simulation results show that the resonant cavity length L is equal to 0.499λ for (001) mode, and the resonance shift δL is approximately equal to-0.9 with a disk sample located in the chamber center, which accord with the analytical results derived from linear acoustics. The LB method naturally includes the viscosity and resonance shift during the simulation of acoustic levitation force on the disk sample, which gives the results not only consistent with the theory in magnitude, but also coherent with the experiments in more details. Some of the nonlinear effects associated with acoustic levitation, such as waveform distortion, acoustic streaming, and radiation pressure, are also revealed by the LB simulation.
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Keywords:
- acoustic levitation /
- lattice Boltzmann method /
- nonlinear effects
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[2] Xie W J, Cao C D, L Y J, Hong Z Y, Wei B 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 214102
[3] Weber J K R, Benmore C J, Tailor A N, Tumber S K, Neuefeind J, Cherry B, Yarger J L, Mou Q, Weber W, Byrn S R 2013 Chem. Phys. 424 89
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[5] Wolf S E, Leiterer J, Kappl M, Emmerling F, Tremel W 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 12342
[6] Lee S, Ohsaka K, Rednikov A, Sadhal S S 2006 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1077 75
[7] Tuckermann R, Bauerecker S, Cammenga H K 2005 Int. J. Thermophys. 26 1583
[8] Saha A, Basu S, Suryanarayana C, Kumar R 2010 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 53 5663
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[10] Brotton S J, Kaiser R I 2013 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84 055114
[11] Chainani E T, Ngo K T, Scheeline A 2013 Anal. Chem. 85 2500
[12] Benmore C J, Weber J K R 2011 Phys. Rev. X 1 011004
[13] Benmore C J, Weber J K R, Tailor A N, Cherry B R, Yarger J L, Mou Q S, Weber W, Neuefeind J, Byrn S R 2013 J. Pharm. Sci. 102 1290
[14] Trinh E H, Robeyal J L 1994 Phys. Fluids 6 3567
[15] Du R J, Xie W J 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 114302 (in Chinese) [杜人君, 解文军 2011 60 114302]
[16] Qian Z W 2009 Nonlinear Acoustics (Beijing: Science Press) p1 (in Chinese) [钱祖文 2009 非线性声学 (北京: 科学出版社) 第1页]
[17] Aidun C K, Clausen J R 2010 Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 42 439
[18] Chen S, Doolen G 1998 Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 30 329
[19] Benzi R, Succi S, Vergassola M 1992 Phys. Rep. 222 145
[20] Guo Z L, Zheng C G, Shi B C 2002 Chin. Phys. 11 366
[21] Shi Z Y, Hu G H, Zhou Z W 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2595 (in Chinese) [石自媛, 胡国辉, 周哲玮 2010 59 2595]
[22] Wu W, Sun D K, Dai T, Zhu M F 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 150501 (in Chinese) [吴伟, 孙东科, 戴挺, 朱鸣芳 2012 61 150501]
[23] Buick J M, Buckley C L, Greated C A, Gilbert J 2000 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 33 3917
[24] Haydock D, Yeomans J M 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 5201
[25] Haydock D 2005 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38 3265
[26] Barrios G, Rechtman R 2008 J. Fluid Mech. 596 191
[27] Halliday I, Hammond L A, Care C M, Good K, Stevens A 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 011208
[28] Mukherjee S, Abraham J 2007 Phys. Rev. E 75 026701
[29] Li Q, He Y L, Tang G H, Tao W Q 2010 Phys. Rev. E 81 056707
[30] Lallemand P, Luo L S 2000 Phys. Rev. E 61 6546
[31] Landau L D, Lifshitz E M 1999 Fluid Mechanics (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: World Publishing Corporation) p45
[32] Saenger R A, Hudson G E 1960 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 32 961
[33] Leung E, Lee C P, Jacobi N, Wang T G 1982 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72 615
[34] Xie W J, Wei B 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 046611
[35] Xie W J, Wei B 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 135
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[1] Brandt E H 2001 Nature 413 474
[2] Xie W J, Cao C D, L Y J, Hong Z Y, Wei B 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 214102
[3] Weber J K R, Benmore C J, Tailor A N, Tumber S K, Neuefeind J, Cherry B, Yarger J L, Mou Q, Weber W, Byrn S R 2013 Chem. Phys. 424 89
[4] Radnik J, Bentrup U, Leiterer J, Brckner A, Emmerling F 2011 Chem. Mater. 23 5425
[5] Wolf S E, Leiterer J, Kappl M, Emmerling F, Tremel W 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 12342
[6] Lee S, Ohsaka K, Rednikov A, Sadhal S S 2006 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1077 75
[7] Tuckermann R, Bauerecker S, Cammenga H K 2005 Int. J. Thermophys. 26 1583
[8] Saha A, Basu S, Suryanarayana C, Kumar R 2010 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 53 5663
[9] Shao X P, Xie W J 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 134302 (in Chinese) [邵学鹏, 解文军 2012 61 134302]
[10] Brotton S J, Kaiser R I 2013 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84 055114
[11] Chainani E T, Ngo K T, Scheeline A 2013 Anal. Chem. 85 2500
[12] Benmore C J, Weber J K R 2011 Phys. Rev. X 1 011004
[13] Benmore C J, Weber J K R, Tailor A N, Cherry B R, Yarger J L, Mou Q S, Weber W, Neuefeind J, Byrn S R 2013 J. Pharm. Sci. 102 1290
[14] Trinh E H, Robeyal J L 1994 Phys. Fluids 6 3567
[15] Du R J, Xie W J 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 114302 (in Chinese) [杜人君, 解文军 2011 60 114302]
[16] Qian Z W 2009 Nonlinear Acoustics (Beijing: Science Press) p1 (in Chinese) [钱祖文 2009 非线性声学 (北京: 科学出版社) 第1页]
[17] Aidun C K, Clausen J R 2010 Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 42 439
[18] Chen S, Doolen G 1998 Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 30 329
[19] Benzi R, Succi S, Vergassola M 1992 Phys. Rep. 222 145
[20] Guo Z L, Zheng C G, Shi B C 2002 Chin. Phys. 11 366
[21] Shi Z Y, Hu G H, Zhou Z W 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2595 (in Chinese) [石自媛, 胡国辉, 周哲玮 2010 59 2595]
[22] Wu W, Sun D K, Dai T, Zhu M F 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 150501 (in Chinese) [吴伟, 孙东科, 戴挺, 朱鸣芳 2012 61 150501]
[23] Buick J M, Buckley C L, Greated C A, Gilbert J 2000 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 33 3917
[24] Haydock D, Yeomans J M 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 5201
[25] Haydock D 2005 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38 3265
[26] Barrios G, Rechtman R 2008 J. Fluid Mech. 596 191
[27] Halliday I, Hammond L A, Care C M, Good K, Stevens A 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 011208
[28] Mukherjee S, Abraham J 2007 Phys. Rev. E 75 026701
[29] Li Q, He Y L, Tang G H, Tao W Q 2010 Phys. Rev. E 81 056707
[30] Lallemand P, Luo L S 2000 Phys. Rev. E 61 6546
[31] Landau L D, Lifshitz E M 1999 Fluid Mechanics (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: World Publishing Corporation) p45
[32] Saenger R A, Hudson G E 1960 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 32 961
[33] Leung E, Lee C P, Jacobi N, Wang T G 1982 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72 615
[34] Xie W J, Wei B 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 046611
[35] Xie W J, Wei B 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 135
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